2011 national survey of fishing, hunting, and wildlife-associated recreation Massachusetts

              MassachusettsU.S. Fish & Wildlife Service2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated RecreationBaitU.S. Department of the Interior
Ken Salazar,
Secretary
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Dan Ashe,
Director
U.S. Department of Commerce
Rebecca M. Blank,
Acting Secretary
Economics and Statistics Administration
Vacant,
Under Secretary for Economic Affairs
U.S. CENSUS BUREAU
Thomas L. Mesenbourg,
Senior Adviser Performing the Duties
of the Director
FHW/11-MA
Issued April 2013
2011 National Survey of
Fishing, Hunting, and
Wildlife-Associated Recreation
Bait
Massachusetts
The U.S. Department of the Interior protects and manages the Nation’s natural resources and cultural heritage; provides scientific and other information about those resources; and honors its trust responsi­bilities or special commitments to American Indians, Alaska Natives, and affiliated Island Communities.
The mission of the Department’s U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is working with others to conserve, protect, and enhance fish, wildlife, and their habitats for the continuing benefit of the American people. The Service is responsible for national programs of vital importance to our natural resources, including administration of the Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration Programs. These two programs provide finan­cial assistance to the States for projects to enhance and protect fish and wildlife resources and to assure their availability to the public for recreational purposes. Multistate grants from these programs fund the National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation.
Suggested Citation
U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau. 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Dan Ashe,
Director
U.S. CENSUS BUREAU
Thomas L. Mesenbourg,
Senior Adviser Performing the Duties
of the Director
Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration
Hannibal Bolton,
Assistant Director
U.S. Department of the Interior
Ken Salazar,
Secretary
Economics and Statistics
Administration
Vacant,
Under Secretary for
Economic AffairsU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts iii
Contents
List of Tables. . iv
Foreword. . vi
Survey Background and Method. . vii
Highlights
Introduction. . 2
Summary. . 4
Wildlife-Related Recreation. . 5
Sportspersons. . 6
Anglers. . 7
Hunters. . 9
Wildlife Watchers. . 11
2001–2011 Comparison. . 13
Tables
Guide to Statistical Tables. . 16
Fishing and Hunting Tables. . 17
Wildlife-Watching Tables. . 33
Appendixes
A. Definitions. . 44
B. 2010 Participation of 6- to 15-Year-Olds: Data From Screening Interviews. . 48
C. Significant Methodological Changes From Previous Surveys and Regional Trends. . 54
D. Sample Design and Statistical Accuracy. . 64iv 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
List of Tables
Fishing and Hunting
1. Fishing and Hunting in Massachusetts by Resident and Nonresident Sportspersons: 2011. . 17
2. Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in Massachusetts by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 17
3. Anglers and Hunters, Trips, and Days of Participation: 2011. . 18
4. Massachusetts Resident Anglers and Hunters by Place Fished or Hunted: 2011. . 18
5. Massachusetts Resident Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in the United States
by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 18
6. Freshwater Anglers, Trips, Days of Fishing, and Type of Water Fished: 2011. . 19
7. Freshwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in Massachusetts by Type of Fish: 2011. . 19
8. Great Lakes Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in Massachusetts: 2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
9. Great Lakes Anglers and Days of Fishing in Massachusetts by Type of Fish: 2011. . 20
10. Saltwater Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in Massachusetts: 2011. . 21
11. Saltwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in Massachusetts by Type of Fish: 2011. . 21
12. Hunters, Trips, and Days of Hunting in Massachusetts by Type of Hunting: 2011. . 22
13. Hunters and Days of Hunting in Massachusetts by Type of Game: 2011. . 22
14. Hunters and Days of Hunting in Massachusetts by Type of Land: 2011. . 23
15. Selected Characteristics of Massachusetts Resident Anglers and Hunters: 2011. . 24
16. Summary of Expenditures in Massachusetts by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined
for Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 25
17. Summary of Fishing Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Massachusetts by State Residents and
Nonresidents Combined by Type of Fishing: 2011. . 26
18. Summary of Hunting Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Massachusetts by State Residents and
Nonresidents Combined by Type of Hunting: 2011. . 27
19. Expenditures in Massachusetts by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Fishing: 2011. . 28
20. Expenditures in Massachusetts by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Hunting: 2011. . 29
21. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Massachusetts for Fishing and Hunting by Massachusetts Residents
and Nonresidents: 2011. . 30
22. Summary of Massachusetts Residents’ Fishing and Hunting Expenditures Both Inside and
Outside Massachusetts: 2011. . 31
23. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by Massachusetts Residents for Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 32
Wildlife Watching
24. Wildlife Watching in Massachusetts by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined: 2011. . 33
25. Participants, Trips, and Days of Participation in Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching in Massachusetts: 2011. . 33
26. Away-From-Home Wildlife-Watching Participants by Wildlife Observed, Photographed,
or Fed in Massachusetts: 2011. . 34
27. Participation in Wildlife-Watching Activities Around the Home in Massachusetts: 2011. . 34
28. Massachusetts Residents Participating in Wildlife Watching in the United States: 2011. . 35
29. Wild Bird Observers and Days of Observation in Massachusetts by State Residents and Nonresidents: 2011. . 35U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts v
30. Selected Characteristics of Massachusetts Residents Participating in Wildlife Watching: 2011. . 36
31. Expenditures in Massachusetts by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Wildlife Watching: 2011. . 37
32. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Massachusetts for Wildlife Watching by
Massachusetts Residents and Nonresidents: 2011. . 38
33. Wildlife-Watching Expenditures Both Inside and Outside Massachusetts by Massachusetts Residents: 2011. . 39
34. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by Massachusetts Residents for Wildlife Watching: 2011. . 40
35. Participation of Massachusetts Resident Wildlife-Watching Participants in Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 40
36. Participation of Massachusetts Resident Sportspersons in Wildlife-Watching Activities: 2011. . 41vi 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
When I was growing up, it was taken as a matter of faith that kids belonged outside. I grew up with 4 brothers, and during those long, hot Atlanta summers, it was common for our mom to holler, “You boys get outside, and don’t come back ‘til it’s dark.” It never occurred to me or my brothers to do anything else in our spare time but explore the world around us. The truth is, we had little else to do. But those experiences – waking up on frosty mornings and starting the campfire, scanning trees for a shot at a scampering gray squirrel in the dawn light, scouring creek beds for crawdads and other fishing bait, or simply of the fun we had tramping through the forest – shaped who I am, and drew me to a career in conserva­tion.
That’s why I’m excited by this 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation. This report, the 12th in a series that began in 1955, documents a significant resurgence in the number of people embracing America’s Great Outdoors.
Hunting participation has increased by 9 percent, while angling participation grew by 11 percent. Nearly 38 percent of Americans participated in wildlife-related recreation, an increase of 2.6 million participants from the 2006 Survey.
In addition, wildlife-related recre­ation is a major driver of the nation’s economy. The 2011 Survey estimates that Americans spent $145 billion on related gear, trips, licenses, land acqui­sition or leases, and other purchases, representing about one percent of the nation’s gross domestic product. This spending creates thousands of jobs, supports countless local communities and provides vital funding for conser­vation.
This year marks the 75th anniversary of the Wildlife and Sport Fish Restora­tion Program, a cornerstone of wildlife conservation in the United States. Through excise taxes on firearms, ammunition, archery and angling equipment, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has distributed over $14 billion for State and territorial wildlife conser­vation programs.
This report would not have been possible without the combined efforts of state wildlife agencies – which provided financial support through the Multi-State Conservation Grant Programs – the Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies and a number of major national conservation organiza­tions. We also owe our gratitude to the thousands of survey respondents from households across America. Because
of you, this Survey is the nation’s definitive wildlife-related recreation database and information source concerning participation and purchases associated with hunting, fishing and other forms of wildlife-associated recreation nationwide.
The Fish and Wildlife Service is dedi­cated to connecting people and families with nature. We are proud to celebrate the good news in this report, and we look forward to continuing progress as we work with the States, and all our partners and the public to help keep recreational fishing, hunting, and wildlife watching growing and going strong.
Dan Ashe
Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
ForewordU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts vii
Survey Background and Method
The National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation (Survey) has been conducted since 1955 and is one of the oldest and most comprehensive continuing recreation surveys. The Survey collects information on the number of anglers, hunters, and wild­life watchers, how often they partici­pate, and how much they spend on their activities in the United States.
Preparations for the 2011 Survey began in 2008 when the Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (AFWA) asked the Fish and Wildlife Service to coordinate the twelfth National Survey of wildlife-related recreation. Funding came from the Multistate Conservation Grant Programs, authorized by Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration Acts, as amended.
Four regional technical committees were set up under the auspices of AFWA to ensure that State fish and wildlife agencies had an opportunity to participate in all phases of survey plan­ning and design. The committees were made up of agency representatives.
We consulted with State and Federal agencies and nongovernmental organizations such as the American Sportfishing Association and National Shooting Sports Foundation to deter­mine survey content. Other sportsper­sons’ organizations and conservation groups, industry representatives, and researchers also provided valuable advice.
Data collection for the Survey was carried out in two phases by the U.S. Census Bureau. The first phase was the screen which began in April 2011. During the screening phase, the Census Bureau interviewed a sample of 48,600 households nationwide, to determine who in the household had fished, hunted, or wildlife watched in 2010, and who had engaged or planned to engage in those activities in 2011. In most cases, one adult household member provided information for all members. The screen primarily covered 2010 activities while the next, more in-depth phase covered 2011 activities. For more information on the 2010 data, refer to Appendix B.
The second phase of data collection consisted of three detailed interview waves. The first wave began in April 2011 concurrent with the screen, the second in September 2011, and the last in January 2012. Interviews were conducted with samples of likely anglers, hunters, and wildlife watchers who were identified in the initial screening phase. Interviews were conducted primarily by telephone, with in-person interviews for respondents who could not be reached by phone. Respondents in the second survey phase were limited to those who were at least 16 years old. Each respondent provided information pertaining only to his or her activities and expendi­tures. Sample sizes were designed to provide statistically reliable results at the state level. Altogether, interviews were completed for 11,330 anglers and hunters and 9,329 wildlife watchers. More detailed information on sampling procedures and response rates is found in Appendix D.
Comparability With
Previous Surveys
The 2011 Survey’s questions and methodology were similar to those used in the 2006, 2001, 1996, and 1991 Surveys. Therefore, the estimates are comparable.
The methodology for these Surveys differs significantly from the 1955 to 1985 Surveys, so these estimates are not directly comparable to those of earlier surveys. Changes in meth­odology included reducing the recall period over which respondents had to report their activities and expenditures. Previous Surveys used a 12-month recall period which resulted in greater reporting bias. Research found that the amount of activity and expenditures reported in 12-month recall surveys was overestimated in comparison with that reported using shorter recall periods.Highlights
2 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
The National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation reports results from inter­views with U.S. residents about their fishing, hunting, and wildlife watching. This report focuses on 2011 participa­tion and expenditures of persons 16 years of age and older.
The Survey is a snapshot of one year. The information it collected tells us how many people participated and how much they spent on their activi­ties in the State in 2011. It does not tell us how many anglers, hunters, and wildlife watchers there were because many do not participate every year. For example, based on information collected in the Survey’s household screen phase, we can estimate that about 51 percent more anglers and 44 percent more hunters participated nationally in at least 1 of the 5 years prior to the screen survey year 2010.
In addition to 2011 estimates, we also provide trend information in the High­lights section and Appendix C of the report. The 2011 numbers reported can be compared with those in the 1991, 1996, 2001, and 2006 Survey reports because they used similar methodolo­gies. The 2011 estimates should not be directly compared with results from Surveys conducted prior to 1991 because of changes in methodology to improve accuracy.
The report also provides information on participation in wildlife recreation in 2010, particularly of persons 6 to 15 years of age. The 2010 information is provided in Appendix B. Information about the Survey’s scope and coverage is in Appendix D. The remainder of this section defines important terms used in the Survey.
This report does not provide infor­mation about the State’s wildlife resources. That, and additional infor­mation on wildlife-related recreation, may be obtained from State fish and wildlife agencies. The Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies can provide the addresses and telephone numbers of those agencies. The Association’s website is www.fishwildlife.org.
Additionally, this report does not provide information about the State’s number of licensed anglers and hunters. Historical license data can be found at wsfrprograms.fws.gov.
Wildlife-Related Recreation
Wildlife-related recreation is fishing, hunting, and wildlife-watching activi­ties. These categories are not mutually exclusive because many individuals participated in more than one activity. Wildlife-related recreation is reported in two major categories: (1) fishing and hunting, and (2) wildlife watching, which includes observing, photo­graphing, and feeding fish or wildlife.
Fishing and Hunting
This Survey reports information about residents of the United States who fished or hunted in 2011, regardless of whether they were licensed. The fishing and hunting sections report information for three groups: (1) sportspersons, (2) anglers, and (3) hunters.
Sportspersons
Sportspersons are those who fished or hunted. Individuals who fished or hunted commercially in 2011 are reported as sportspersons only if they also fished or hunted for recreation. The sportspersons group is composed of the three subgroups shown in the diagram below: (1) those that fished and hunted, (2) those that only fished, and (3) those that only hunted.
The total number of sportspersons is equal to the sum of people who only fished, only hunted, and both hunted and fished. It is not the sum of all anglers and all hunters because those people who both fished and hunted are included in both the angler and hunter population and would be incorrectly counted twice.
Anglers
Anglers are sportspersons who only fished plus those who fished and hunted. Anglers include not only licensed hook and line anglers, but also those who have no license and those who use special methods such as fishing with spears. Three types of fishing are reported: (1) freshwater, excluding the Great Lakes, (2) Great Lakes, and (3) saltwater. Since many anglers participated in more than one type of fishing, the total number of anglers is less than the sum of the three types of fishing.
SportspersonsAnglersHuntersFished onlyFishedandhuntedHuntedonly
IntroductionU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 3
Hunters
Hunters are sportspersons who only hunted plus those who hunted and fished. Hunters include not only licensed hunters using rifles and shotguns, but also those who have no license and those who engage in hunting with archery equipment, muzzleloaders, other primitive firearms, or pistols or handguns.
Four types of hunting are reported:
(1) big game, (2) small game,
(3) migratory bird, and (4) other animals. Since many hunters partici­pated in more than one type of hunting, the sum of hunters for big game, small game, migratory bird, and other animals exceeds the total number of hunters.
Wildlife Watchers
Since 1980, the National Survey has included information on wildlife-watching activities in addition to fishing and hunting. However, unlike the 1980 and 1985 Surveys, the National Surveys since 1991 have collected data only for those activities where the primary purpose was wildlife watching (observing, photographing, or feeding wildlife).
The 2011 Survey uses a strict definition of wildlife watching. Participants must either take a “special interest” in wild­life around their homes or take a trip for the “primary purpose” of wildlife watching. Secondary wildlife watching, such as incidentally observing wildlife while pleasure driving, is not included.
Two types of wildlife-watching activity are reported: (1) away-from-home (formerly nonresidential) activities and (2) around-the-home (formerly residen­tial) activities. Because some people participated in more than one type of wildlife watching, the sum of partici­pants in each type will be greater than the total number of wildlife watchers. Only those engaged in activities whose primary purpose was wildlife watching are included in the Survey. The two types of wildlife-watching activity are defined below.
Away-From-Home
This group includes persons who took trips or outings of at least 1 mile from home for the primary purpose of observing, feeding, or photographing fish and wildlife. Trips to fish or hunt or scout and trips to zoos, circuses, aquar­iums, and museums are not considered wildlife-watching activities.
Around-The-Home
This group includes those who participated within 1 mile of home and involves one or more of the following: (1) closely observing or trying to iden­tify birds or other wildlife; (2) photo­graphing wildlife; (3) feeding birds or other wildlife; (4) maintaining natural areas of at least 1/4 acre where benefit to wildlife is the primary concern;
(5) maintaining plantings (shrubs,
agricultural crops, etc.) where benefit
to wildlife is the primary concern; or
(6) visiting parks and natural areas within 1 mile of home for the primary purpose of observing, feeding, or photographing wildlife.4 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Fishing
Anglers. .
Days of fishing. .
Average days per angler. .
Total expenditures. .
Trip-related. .
Equipment and other. .
Average per angler. .
Average trip expenditure per day. .
Hunting
Hunters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Days of hunting. .
Average days per hunter. .
Total expenditures. .
Trip-related. .
Equipment and other. .
Average per hunter. .
Average trip expenditure per day. .
Wildlife Watching
Total wildlife-watching participants.
Away-from-home participants. .
Around-the-home participants. .
Days of participation away from home. .
Average days of participation
away from home. .
Total expenditures. .
Trip-related. .
Equipment and other. .
Average per participant. .
Average trip expenditure per day. .
Fishing
Anglers. .
Days of fishing. .
Average days per angler. .
Total expenditures. .
Trip-related. .
Equipment and other. .
Average per angler. .
Average trip expenditure per day. .
Hunting
Hunters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Days of hunting. .
Average days per hunter. .
Total expenditures. .
Trip-related. .
Equipment and other. .
Average per hunter. .
Average trip expenditure per day. .
Wildlife Watching
Total wildlife-watching participants.
Away-from-home participants. .
Around-the-home participants. .
Days of participation away from home. .
Average days of participation
away from home. .
Total expenditures. .
Trip-related. .
Equipment and other. .
Average per participant. .
Average trip expenditure per day. .
Activities in Massachusetts by Residents and Nonresidents
Activities by Massachusetts Residents Both Inside and Outside Massachusetts
2011 Massachusetts Summary
532,000
8,367,000
16
$455,403,000
$253,705,000
$201,698,000
$811
$30
457,000
8,948,000
20
$464,082,000
$256,458,000
$207,624,000
$1,016
$29
56,000
1,062,000
19
$87,483,000
$16,941,000
$70,542,000
$1,293
$16
66,000
1,402,000
21
$128,540,000
$21,618,000
$106,922,000
$1,956
$15
1,828,000
662,000
1,490,000
10,546,000
16
$1,277,898,000
$286,092,000
$991,805,000
$681
$27
1,530,000
453,000
1,490,000
9,554,000
21
$1,165,146,000
$272,223,000
$892,922,000
$761
$28U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 5
Wildlife-Related Recreation
Participation in Massachusetts
The 2011 Survey found that 2.2 million Massachusetts residents and nonresi­dents 16 years old and older fished, hunted, or wildlife watched in Massa­chusetts. Of the total number of partici­pants, 532 thousand fished, 56 thousand hunted, and 1.8 million participated in wildlife-watching activities, which includes observing, feeding, and photo­graphing wildlife. The sum of anglers, hunters, and wildlife watchers exceeds the total number of participants in wildlife-related recreation because many of the individuals engaged in more than one wildlife-related activity.
Participation in 2011 by 6- to 15-Year-Old Massachusetts Residents
The focus of the National Survey is on the activity of participants 16 years old and older. However, the activity of 6- to 15-year-olds can be calculated using the screening data covering the year 2010. It is assumed for estimation purposes that the proportion of 6- to 15-year-old participants to participants 16 years old and older remained the same in 2010 and 2011. Based on this assumption, in addi­tion to the 457 thousand resident anglers 16 years old or older in Massachusetts, there were 116 thousand resident anglers 6 to 15 years old. Also, there were 66 thousand Bay Staters 16 years old and older and 3 thousand Bay Staters 6 to 15 years old who hunted. Finally, there were 1.5 million Bay Staters 16 years old and older and 234 thousand Bay Staters 6 to 15 years old who wildlife watched. Information on 2010 data for 6- to 15-year-olds is provided in Appendix B.
Expenditures in Massachusetts
In 2011, state residents and nonresidents spent $2.0 billion on wildlife recreation in Massachusetts. Of that total, trip-related expenditures were $557 million and equipment expenditures totaled $709 million. The remaining $695 million was spent on licenses, contributions, land ownership and leasing, and other items.
Participants in Wildlife-Related Recreation in Massachusetts: 2011
(U.S. residents 16 years old and older)
Total. .
.
Sportspersons
Total. .
Anglers. .
Hunters. .
.
Wildlife Watchers
Total. .
Away from home. .
Around the home. .
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Tables 1 and 24.
Percent of Total Participantsby Activity(Total: 2.2 million participants)Wildlife WatchingHuntingFishing 24%3%83%Wildlife-RelatedRecreation Expenditures in Massachusetts(Total: $2.0 billion)Trip-related 28%Equipment36%Other35%Percent of Total Residential Participants 6 to 15 Years Old by Activity: 2010(Total: 320 thousand participants)Wildlife WatchingHuntingFishing 54%... Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably....78%
2.2 million
538 thousand
532 thousand
56 thousand
1.8 million
662 thousand
1.5 million6 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Sportspersons
In 2011, 538 thousand state resident and nonresident sportspersons 16 years old and older fished or hunted in Massa­chusetts. This group was comprised of 532 thousand anglers (99 percent of all sportspersons) and 56 thousand hunters (10 percent of all sportspersons). Among the 538 thousand sportspersons who fished or hunted in the state, 482 thousand (90 percent) fished but did not hunt in Massachusetts. Additionally, 49 thousand (9 percent) fished and hunted in Massachusetts in 2011.
Sportspersons’ Participation in Massachusetts
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Sportspersons (fished or hunted). .
.
Anglers. .
Fished only. .
Fished and hunted. .
.
Hunters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hunted only. .
Hunted and fished. .
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 1.
538 thousand
532 thousand
482 thousand
49 thousand
56 thousand
...
49 thousandU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 7
Anglers
Participants and Days of Fishing
In 2011, 532 thousand state residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older fished in Massachusetts. Of this total, 377 thousand anglers (71 percent) were state residents and 155 thousand anglers (29 percent) were nonresidents. Anglers fished a total of 8.4 million days in Massachusetts—an average of 16 days per angler. State residents fished 7.6 million days—91 percent of all fishing days in Massachusetts. Nonresidents fished 779 thousand days in Massachu­setts—9 percent of all fishing days in the state.
A large majority of Massachusetts resi­dents who fished anywhere in the United States did so in their resident state. There were 457 thousand Massachusetts residents 16 years old and older who fished in the United States in 2011 for a total of 8.9 million days. An estimated 83 percent of all Massachusetts residents who fished did so in their home state. Of all fishing days by Massachusetts residents, 85 percent or 7.6 million were in their home state. For further details about fishing in Massachusetts, see
Table 3.
Anglers in Massachusetts
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Anglers. .
Residents. .
Nonresidents. .
.
Days of fishing. .
Residents. .
Nonresidents. .
Source: Table 3.
In State/Out of State
(State residents 16 years old and older)
Massachusetts anglers. .
In Massachusetts. .
In other states. .
.
Days of fishing. .
In Massachusetts. .
In other states. .
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 3.
532 thousand
377 thousand
155 thousand
8.4 million
7.6 million
779 thousand
457 thousand
377 thousand
175 thousand
8.9 million
7.6 million
1.6 million8 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Fishing Expenditures in Massachusetts
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total. .
Trip-related. .
Equipment. .
Fishing. .
Auxiliary and special. .
Other. .
Source: Table 19.
Fishing Expenditures in Massachusetts
All fishing-related expenditures in Massachusetts totaled $455 million in 2011. Trip-related expenditures, including food and lodging, transporta­tion, and other expenses totaled $254 million—56 percent of all fishing expenditures. Expenditures for food and lodging were $63 million and transportation expenditures were $52 million. Other trip expenses, such as equipment rental, bait, and cooking fuel, totaled $139 million. Each angler spent an average of $476 on trip-related costs during 2011.
Anglers spent $189 million on equip­ment in Massachusetts in 2011, 41 percent of all fishing expenditures. Fishing equipment (rods, reels, lines, etc.) spending totaled $78 million—41 percent of the equipment total. Auxiliary equipment expenditures (tents, special fishing clothing, etc.) and special equipment expenditures (boats, vans, etc.) amounted to $111 million—59 percent of the equipment total. Expenditures classified as special and auxiliary equipment are on items that were purchased for fishing but could be used in activities other than fishing.
The purchase of other items, such as magazines, membership dues, licenses, permits, stamps, and land leasing and ownership, amounted to $13 million—3 percent of all fishing expenditures. For more details about fishing expenditures in Massachusetts, see Tables 19 and 21 through 23.
Fishing Expenditures in Massachusetts(Total: $455 million)Equipment 41%Trip-related56%Other3%Percent of Anglers by Residence(Total: 532 thousand participants)NonresidentsResidents71%29%
$455 million
$254 million
$189 million
$78 million
$111 million
$13 million
Comparative Fishing Expenditures by Type of Fishing All fishingFreshwater Saltwater$476$252$556$30$16$44Trip expenditures per angler:Trip expenditures per day:U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 9
Hunters
Participants and Days of Hunting
In 2011, there were 56 thousand resi­dents and nonresidents 16 years old and older who hunted in Massachusetts. Resident hunters numbered 52 thou­sand, accounting for 93 percent of the hunters in Massachusetts. Residents and nonresidents hunted 1.1 million days in 2011, an average of 19 days per hunter. Residents hunted 1.0 million days in Massachusetts or 98 percent of all hunting days.
There were 66 thousand Massachusetts residents 16 years old and older who hunted in the United States in 2011 for a total of 1.4 million days. An estimated 80 percent of all Massachusetts resi­dents who hunted did so in their home state. Of all hunting days by Massachu­setts residents, 74 percent or 1.0 million were spent pursuing game in their home state. For further information on hunting activities by Massachusetts residents, see Table 3.
Hunters in Massachusetts
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Hunters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residents. .
Nonresidents. .
.
Days of hunting. .
Residents. .
Nonresidents. .
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Source: Table 3.
56 thousand
52 thousand
...
1.1 million
1.0 million
...
In State/Out of State
(State residents 16 years old and older)
Massachusetts hunters. .
In Massachusetts. .
In other states. .
.
Days of hunting. .
In Massachusetts. .
In other states. .
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 3.
66 thousand
52 thousand
31 thousand
1.4 million
1.0 million
363 thousand10 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Hunting Expenditures in Massachusetts
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total. .
Trip-related. .
Equipment. .
Hunting. .
Auxiliary and special. .
Other. .
Source: Table 20.
Hunting Expenditures in Massachusetts
All hunting-related expenditures in Massachusetts totaled $87 million in 2011. Trip-related expenses, such as food and lodging, transportation, and other trip expenses, totaled $17 million—19 percent of total expen­ditures. Expenditures for food and lodging were $7 million and transpor­tation expenditures were $9 million. The average trip-related expenditure per hunter was $302.
Hunters spent $63 million on equip­ment—72 percent of all hunting expenditures. Hunting equipment (guns, ammunition, etc.) totaled $45 million and made up 72 percent of all equipment costs. Hunters spent $18 million on auxiliary equipment (tents, special hunting clothes, etc.) and special equipment (boats, vans, etc.), accounting for 28 percent of total equipment expenditures for hunting. Expenditures classified as special and auxiliary equipment are on items that were purchased for hunting but could be used in activities other than hunting.
The purchase of other items, such as magazines, membership dues, licenses, permits, and land leasing, and ownership, cost hunters $8 million—9 percent of all hunting expenditures. For more details on hunting expenditures in Massachu­setts, see Tables 20 through 23.
Hunting Expenditures in Massachusetts(Total: $87 million)Equipment 72%Trip-related19%Other9%Comparative Hunting Expenditures by Type of Hunting All huntingBig game Small gameMigratory birdsOther animals$302$205............$16$11Trip expenditures per hunter:... Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.Trip expenditures per day:......
$87 million
$17 million
$63 million
$45 million
$18 million
$8 millionU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 11
Participants and Days of Activity
In 2011, 1.8 million U.S. residents 16 years old and older fed, observed, or photographed wildlife in Massachu­setts. Most of them, 81 percent (1.5 million), enjoyed their activities close to home and are called “around-the-home” participants. Those persons who enjoyed wildlife at least one mile from home are called “away-from-home” participants. People partici­pating in away-from-home activities in Massachusetts in 2011 numbered 662 thousand—36 percent of all wildlife watchers in Massachusetts. Of the 662 thousand, 342 thousand were state residents and 320 thousand were nonresidents.
Bay Staters 16 years old and older who enjoyed away-from-home wild­life watching within their state totaled 342 thousand. Of this group, 310 thousand participants observed wild­life, 31 thousand fed wildlife, and 197 thousand photographed wildlife. Since some individuals engaged in more than one of the away-from-home activities during the year, the sum of wildlife observers, feeders, and photographers exceeds the total number away-from-home participants.
Bay Staters spent 7.8 million days engaged in away-from-home wildlife-watching activities in their state. They spent 4.6 million days observing, 728 thousand days feeding, and 1.6 million days photographing wildlife. For further details about away-from-home activities, see Table 25.
Massachusetts residents also took an active interest in wildlife around their homes. In 2011, 1.5 million state residents enjoyed observing, feeding, and photographing wildlife within one mile of their homes. Among this around-the-home group, 1.1 million fed, 911 thousand observed, and 598 thousand photographed wildlife around their homes. Another 219 thousand participants maintained natural areas of one-quarter acre or more for wildlife; 275 thousand participants maintained plantings for the benefit of wildlife; and 341 thousand participants visited parks or natural areas within a mile of home because of the wildlife. Summing the number of participants in these six activities results in an estimate that exceeds the total number of around-the-home participants because many people participated in more than one type of around-the-home activity. In addition, 28 percent of Bay Stater around-the-home wildlife watchers also enjoyed wildlife away from home. For further details about Massachusetts residents participating in around-the-home wildlife-watching activities, see
Table 27.
Away-From-Home Wildlife-Watching Participation in Massachusetts
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Participants, total. .
Observe wildlife. .
Photograph wildlife. .
Feed wildlife. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Days, total. .
Observe wildlife. .
Photograph wildlife. .
Feed wildlife. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 25.
662 thousand
628 thousand
272 thousand
69 thousand
10.5 million
6.7 million
1.9 million
1.1 million
Wildlife Watchers
Wildlife-Watching Participants in Massachusetts
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total. .
Around the home. .
Away from home. .
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 24.
Around-The-Home Wildlife-Watching Participation in Massachusetts
(State residents 16 years old and older)
Total. .
Feed wildlife. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Observe wildlife. .
Photograph wildlife. .
Maintain natural areas. .
Maintain plantings. .
Visit parks and natural areas. .
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 27.
1.8 million
1.5 million
662 thousand
1.5 million
1.1 million
911 thousand
598 thousand
219 thousand
275 thousand
341 thousand12 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Wild Bird Observers in Massachusetts
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Participants, total. .
Around the home. .
Away from home. .
.
Days, total. .
Around the home. .
Away from home. .
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 29.
Wild Bird Observers
Bird watching attracted many wildlife enthusiasts in Massachusetts. In 2011, 1.2 million people observed birds around the home and on trips in the state. A majority, 68 percent (848 thou­sand), observed wild birds around the home while 48 percent (595 thousand) took trips away from home to watch birds.
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures in Massachusetts
Wildlife watchers spent $1.3 billion on wildlife-watching activities in Massa­chusetts in 2011. Trip-related expendi­tures, including food and lodging ($200 million), transportation ($73 million), and other trip expenses ($14 million), such as equipment rental, amounted to $286 million. This summation comprised 22 percent of all wildlife-watching expenditures by participants. The average of the trip-related expendi­tures for away-from-home participants was $417 per person in 2011.
Wildlife-watching participants spent nearly $326 million on equipment—26 percent of all their expenditures. Specifically, wildlife-watching equip­ment (binoculars, special clothing, etc.) expenditures totaled $252 million, 77 percent of the equipment total. Auxiliary equipment expenditures (tents, backpacking equipment, etc.) and special equipment expenditures (campers, trucks, etc.) amounted to $74 million—23 percent of all equip­ment costs. Expenditures classified as special and auxiliary equipment are on items that were purchased for wildlife-watching recreation but could be used in activities other than wildlife watching.
Other items purchased by wildlife-watching participants, such as maga­zines, membership dues and contribu­tions, land leasing and ownership, and plantings, totaled $666 million—52 percent of all wildlife-watching expen­ditures. For more details about wildlife-watching expenditures in Massachu­setts, see Table 31.
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures in Massachusetts(Total: $1.3 billion)Equipment 26%Trip-related22%Other52%Away-From-Home Activity by Around-The-Home Participants(Total: 1.5 million participants)Both around the home and awayfrom homeAround thehome only72%28%
1.2 million
848 thousand
595 thousand
112.3 million
106.3 million
6.0 million
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures in Massachusetts
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total. .
Trip-related. .
Equipment. .
Wildlife watching. .
Auxiliary and special. .
Other. .
Source: Table 31.
$1.3 billion
$286 million
$326 million
$252 million
$74 million
$666 millionU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 13
Comparing the estimates from the 2001, 2006, and 2011 Surveys gives a perspective on the state of wildlife-related recreation in the early twenty-first century in Massachusetts. Only the most general recreation comparisons are presented here.
The best way to compare estimates from surveys is not to compare the estimates themselves but to compare the confidence intervals around the esti­mates. A 90-percent confidence interval around the estimate gives the range of estimates that 90 percent of all possible representative samples would supply. If the 90-percent confidence intervals of the two surveys’ estimates overlap, it is not possible to say the two estimates are statistically different.
The state resident estimates cover the participation and expenditure activity of Massachusetts residents anywhere in the United States. The in-state esti­mates cover the participation, day, and expenditure activity if U.S. residents in Massachusetts.
The expenditure estimates were made comparable by adjusting the estimates for inflation—all estimates are in 2011 dollars.
2001–2011 Comparison
Massachusetts 2001 and 2011 Comparison
(Numbers in thousands. Expenditures in 2011 dollars)
2001 2011 Percent change
.
Fishing
Anglers in state. . 615 532 NS–13
Days in state. . 7,685 8,367 NS9
In-state expenditures by U.S. anglers. . $590,596 $455,403 NS–23
State resident anglers. . 500 457 NS–9
Total expenditures by state residents. . $584,520 $464,082 NS–21
Hunting
Hunters in state. . 66 56 NS–15
Days in state. . 1,158 1,062 NS–8
In-state expenditures by U.S. hunters. . $74,337 $87,483 NS18
State resident hunters. . 79 66 NS–16
Total expenditures by state residents. . $144,110 $128,540 NS–11
Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching
Participants in state. . .. . 542 662 NS22
Days in state. . 10,198 10,546 NS3
State resident participants. . 427 453 NS6
Around-The-Home Wildlife Watching
Total participants. . 1,443 1,490 NS3
Observers. . 1,007 911 NS–10
Feeders. . 1,263 1,124 NS–11
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures
In-state expenditures by U.S. wildlife watchers. . $596,111 $1,277,898 114
Total expenditures by state residents. . $585,835 $1,165,146 99
NS Not different from zero at the 10 percent level of significance14 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Number of People Who Hunted and Fished in Massachusetts: 2001–2011(In thousands)615497667353256Number of People Who Wildlife Watched in Massachusetts: 2001–2011(In thousands)Around the homeAway from home2011200620012011200620011,4435421,6476551,490662Total Expenditures by Participants in Massachusetts (In millions of 2011 dollars)AnglersHuntersWildlife Watchers2011200620015917459685979842455871,278AnglersHunters
Massachusetts 2006 and 2011 Comparison
(Numbers in thousands. Expenditures in 2011 dollars)
2006 2011 Percent change
.
Fishing.
Anglers in state. . 497 532 NS7
Days in state. . 7,847 8,367 NS7
In-state expenditures by U.S. anglers. . $858,730 $455,403 NS–47
State resident anglers. . 452 457 NS1
Total expenditures by state residents. . $1,065,165 $464,082 –56
Hunting
Hunters in state. . 73 56 NS–23
Days in state. . 1,149 1,062 NS–8
In-state expenditures by U.S. hunters. . $79,023 $87,483 NS11
State resident hunters. . 66 66 0
Total expenditures by state residents. . $266,301 $128,540 NS–52
Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching
Participants in state. . .. . 655 662 NS1
Days in state. . 8,461 10,546 NS25
State resident participants. . 531 453 NS–15
Around-The-Home Wildlife Watching
Total participants. . 1,647 1,490 NS–10
Observers. . 1,167 911 –22
Feeders. . 1,259 1,124 NS–11
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures
In-state expenditures by U.S. wildlife watchers. . $842,366 $1,277,898 NS52
Total expenditures by state residents. . $988,042 $1,165,146 NS18
NS Not different from zero at the 10 percent level of significanceTables
16 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Guide to Statistical Tables
Purpose and Coverage of Tables
The statistical tables of this report were designed to meet a wide range of needs for those interested in wildlife-related recreation. Special terms used in these tables are defined in Appendix A.
The tables are based on responses to the 2011 Survey, which was designed to collect data about participation in wi­ldlife-related recreation. To have taken part in the Survey, a respondent must have been a U.S. resident (a resident of one of the 50 states or the District of Columbia). No one residing outside the United States (including U.S. citizens) was eligible for inter­viewing. Therefore, reported state and national totals do not include partici­pation by those who were not U.S. residents or who were U.S. citizens residing outside the United States.
Comparability With Previous Surveys
The numbers reported can be compared with those in the 1991, 1996, 2001, and 2006 Survey Reports. The methodology used in 2011 was similar to that used in those Surveys. These results should not be directly compared to results from Surveys earlier than 1991 since there were major changes in methodology. These changes were made to improve accuracy in the information provided.
Coverage of an Individual Table
Since the Survey covers many activi­ties in various places by participants of different ages, all table titles, headnotes, stubs, and footnotes are designed to identify and articulate each item being reported in the table. For example, the title of Table 2 shows that data about anglers and hunters, their days of participation, and their number of trips are reported by type of activity. By contrast, the title of Table 7 indi­cates that it contains data on freshwater anglers and the days they fished for different species.
Percentages Reported in the Tables
Percentages are reported in the tables for the convenience of the user. When exclusive groups are being reported, the base of a percentage is apparent from its context because the percents add to 100 percent (plus or minus a rounding error). For example, Table 2 reports the number of trips taken by big game hunters, those taken by small game hunters, those taken by migratory bird hunters, and those taken by hunters pursuing other animals. These comprise 100 percent because they are exclusive categories.
Percents should not add to 100 when nonexclusive groups are being reported. Using Table 2 as an example again, note that adding the percentages associated with the total number of big game hunters, total small game hunters, total migratory bird hunters, and total hunters of other animals will not yield total hunters because respondents could hunt for more than one type of game.
When the base of the percentage is not apparent in context, it is identified in a footnote. For example, Table 15 reports two percentages with different bases: one base being the number of total participants at the head of the column and the other base being the total popu­lation who are described by the row category. Footnotes are used to clarify the bases of the reported percentages.
Footnotes to the Tables
Footnotes are used to clarify the infor­mation or items that are being reported in a table. Symbols in the body of a table indicate important footnotes. The following symbols are used in the tables to refer to the same footnote each time they appear:
* Estimate based on a sample size
of 10–29.
... Sample size too small to report
data reliably.
Z Less than 0.5 percent.
X Not applicable.
NA Not available.
Estimates based upon fewer than ten responses are regarded as being based on a sample size that is too small for reliable reporting. An estimate based upon at least 10 but fewer than 30 responses is treated as an estimate based on a small sample size. Other footnotes appear, as necessary, to qualify or clarify the estimates reported in the tables. In addition, these two important footnotes appear frequently:
• Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
• Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and no­nresponse.
“Multiple responses” is a term used to reflect the fact that individuals or their characteristics fall into more than one category. Using Table 5 as an example, those who fished in saltwater and fresh­water appear in both of these totals. Yet each angler is represented only once in the “Total, all fishing” row. Simi­larly, in Table 12, those who hunt for big game and small game are counted only once as a hunter in the “Total, all hunting” row. Therefore, totals will be smaller than the sum of subcategories when multiple responses exist.
“Nonresponse” exists because the Survey questions were answered volun­tarily, and some respondents did not or could not answer all the questions. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 17
Table 1. Fishing and Hunting in Massachusetts by Resident and Nonresident Sportspersons: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Sportspersons
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent of sportspersons
Number
Percent of
resident
sportspersons
Number
Percent of
nonresident sportspersons
Total sportspersons (fished or hunted). .
538
100
380
100
158
100
Total anglers. .
532
99
377
99
155
98
Fished only. .
482
90
328
86
154
98
Fished and hunted. . .
*49
*9
*49
*13
...
...
Total hunters. .
56
10
52
14
...
...
Hunted only. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Hunted and fished. . .
*49
*9
*49
*13
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 2. Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in Massachusetts by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Type of fishing and hunting
Participants
Days of participation
Trips
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
FISHING
Total, all fishing. .
532
100
8,367
100
7,848
100
Total, all freshwater. .
294
55
4,499
54
3,732
48
Freshwater
, except Great Lakes. .
294
55
4,499
54
3,732
48
Great Lakes. .
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
Saltwater. .
323
61
4,049
48
4,115
52
HUNTING
Total, all hunting. .
56
100
1,062
100
898
100
Big game. .
*41
*72
*769
*72
*559
*62
Small game. .
*26
*46
*268
*25
*246
*27
Migratory birds. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other animals. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.18 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 3. Anglers and Hunters, Trips, and Days of Participation: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers and hunters, trips and
days of participation
Activity in Massachusetts
Activity by Massachusetts residents in United States
Total, state residents and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Total, in state of residence and in other states
In state of
residence
In other states
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
FISHING
Total anglers. .
532
100
377
71
155
29
457
100
377
83
175
38
Total trips. .
7,848
100
7,126
91
722
9
7,989
100
7,126
89
863
11
Total days of fishing. .
8,367
100
7,589
91
779
9
8,948
100
7,589
85
1,578
18
Average days of fishing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
(X)
20
(X)
5
(X)
20
(X)
20
(X)
9
(X)
HUNTING
Total hunters. .
56
100
52
93
...
...
66
100
52
80
*31
*48
Total trips. .
898
100
876
98
...
...
1,221
100
876
72
*345
*28
Total days of hunting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,062
100
1,041
98
...
...
1,402
100
1,041
74
*363
*26
Average days of hunting. .
19
(X)
20
(X)
...
(X)
21
(X)
20
(X)
*12
(X)
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 4. Massachusetts Resident Anglers and Hunters by Place Fished or Hunted: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Place fished or hunted
Anglers
Hunters
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total, all places. .
457
100
66
100
In-state only. .
282
62
*34
*52
In-state and other states. .
95
21
*18
*27
In other states only. .
*79
*17
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
Table 5. Massachusetts Resident Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in the United States by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Type of fishing and hunting
Participants
Days of participation
Trips
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
FISHING
Total, all fishing. .
457
100
8,948
100
7,989
100
Total, all freshwater. .
312
68
5,423
61
3,951
49
Freshwater
, except Great Lakes. .
307
67
5,313
59
3,923
49
Great Lakes. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Saltwater. .
247
54
3,825
43
4,038
51
HUNTING
Total, all hunting. .
66
100
1,402
100
1,221
100
Big game. .
*53
*80
*1,070
*76
*857
*70
Small game. .
*24
*37
*278
*20
*256
*21
Migratory birds. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other animals. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 19
Table 6. Freshwater Anglers, Trips, Days of Fishing, and Type of Water Fished: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers, trips, and days of fishing
Activity in Massachusetts
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total anglers. .
294
100
232
79
*62
*21
Total trips. .
3,732
100
3,451
92
*282
*8
Total days of fishing. .
4,499
100
4,211
94
*288
*6
Average days of fishing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
(X)
18
(X)
*5
(X)
ANGLERS
Total, all types of water. .
294
100
232
79
*62
*21
Ponds, lakes, or reservoirs. .
271
100
219
81
*52
*19
Rivers or streams. .
.. 68
100
55
82
...
...
DAYS
Total, all types of water. .
4,499
100
4,211
94
*288
*6
Ponds, lakes, or reservoirs. .
3,877
100
3,608
93
*269
*7
Rivers or streams. .
.. 843
100
818
97
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 7. Freshwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in Massachusetts by Type of Fish: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers and days of fishing
Activity in Massachusetts
Total, state residents and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent of total types
Percent of anglers/days
Number
Percent of anglers/days
Number
Percent of anglers/days
ANGLERS
Total, all types of fish. .
294
100
100
232
79
*62
*21
Crappie. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Panfish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*40
*14
*100
*40
*99
...
...
White bass, striped bass, striped bass hybrids. .
*60
*20
*100
*35
*58
...
...
Black bass. .
118
40
100
110
94
...
...
Catfish, bullheads. .
*24
*8
*100
...
...
...
...
Walleye, sauger. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Northern pike, pickerel, muskie, muskie hybrids. .
*23
*8
*100
*21
*93
...
...
Steelhead. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Trout. .
101
34
100
91
90
...
...
Salmon. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Anything1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*58
*20
*100
*39
*67
...
...
Other freshwater fish. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
DAYS
Total, all types of fish. .
4,499
100
100
4,211
94
*288
*6
Crappie. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Panfish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*562
*12
*100
*561
*100
...
...
White bass, striped bass, striped bass hybrids. .
*650
*14
*100
*596
*92
...
...
Black bass. .
1,910
42
100
1,859
97
...
...
Catfish, bullheads. .
*264
*6
*100
...
...
...
...
Walleye, sauger. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Northern pike, pickerel, muskie, muskie hybrids. .
*412
*9
*100
*407
*99
...
...
Steelhead. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Trout. .
1,846
41
100
1,827
99
...
...
Salmon. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Anything1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*625
*14
*100
*458
*73
...
...
Other freshwater fish. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Respondent fished for no specific species and identified “Anything” from a list of categories of fish.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.20 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 8. Great Lakes Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in Massachusetts: 2011
This table does not apply to this state.
Table 9. Great Lakes Anglers and Days of Fishing in Massachusetts by Type of Fish: 2011
This table does not apply to this state.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 21
Table 11. Saltwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in Massachusetts by Type of Fish: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers and days of fishing
Activity in Massachusetts
Total, state residents and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent of total types
Percent of anglers/days
Number
Percent of anglers/days
Number
Percent of anglers/days
ANGLERS
Total, all types of fish. .
323
100
100
216
67
107
33
Salmon. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Striped bass. .
190
59
100
138
73
52
27
Bluefish. .
80
25
100
*64
*80
*16
*20
Flatfish (flounder, halibut). .
*91
*28
*100
*57
*63
*33
*37
Red drum (redfish). .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Seatrout (weakfish). .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Mackerel. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Mahi Mahi (dolphinfish). .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Tuna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Shellfish. .
*24
*7
*100
...
...
*14
*58
Anything1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*25
*8
*100
...
...
...
...
Another type of saltwater fish. .
*88
*27
*100
*76
*87
*11
*13
DAYS
Total, all types of fish. .
4,049
100
100
3,551
88
497
12
Salmon. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Striped bass. .
1,499
37
100
1,263
84
236
16
Bluefish. .
650
16
100
*540
*83
*110
*17
Flatfish (flounder, halibut). .
*432
*11
*100
*304
*70
*127
*30
Red drum (redfish). .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Seatrout (weakfish). .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Mackerel. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Mahi Mahi (dolphinfish). .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Tuna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Shellfish. .
*114
*3
*100
...
...
*59
*52
Anything1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*220
*5
*100
...
...
...
...
Another type of saltwater fish. .
*2,170
*54
*100
*2,132
*98
*38
*2
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Respondent fished for no specific species and identified “Anything” from a list of categories of fish.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 10. Saltwater Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in Massachusetts: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers, trips, and days of fishing
Activity in Massachusetts
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total anglers. .
323
100
216
67
107
33
Total trips. .
4,115
100
3,675
89
440
11
Total days. .
4,049
100
3,551
88
497
12
Average days of fishing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
(X)
16
(X)
5
(X)
(X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.22 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 12. Hunters, Trips, and Days of Hunting in Massachusetts by Type of Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Hunters, trips, and days of hunting
Activity in Massachusetts
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
HUNTERS
Total, all hunting. .
56
100
52
93
...
...
Big game. .
*41
*100
*39
*97
...
...
Small game. .
*26
*100
*23
*90
...
...
Migratory birds. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other animals. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
TRIPS
Total, all hunting. .
898
100
876
98
...
...
Big game. .
*559
*100
*554
*99
...
...
Small game. .
*246
*100
*241
*98
...
...
Migratory birds. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other animals. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
DAYS
Total, all hunting. .
1,062
100
1,041
98
...
...
Big game. .
*769
*100
*753
*98
...
...
Small game. .
*268
*100
*262
*98
...
...
Migratory birds. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other animals. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 13. Hunters and Days of Hunting in Massachusetts by Type of Game: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Type of game
Hunters, state residents and nonresidents
Days of hunting
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total, all types of game. .
56
100
1,062
100
Big game, total. .
*41
*72
*769
*72
Deer. .
*41
*72
*546
*51
Elk. .
...
...
...
...
Bear. .
...
...
...
...
W
ild turkey. .
*13
*24
*134
*13
Other big game. .
...
...
...
...
Small game, total. .
*26
*46
*268
*25
Rabbit, hare. .
...
...
...
...
Quail. .
...
...
...
...
Grouse/prairie chicken. .
...
...
...
...
Squirrel. .
...
...
...
...
Pheasant. .
*21
*38
*160
*15
Other small game. .
...
...
...
...
Migratory birds, total. .
...
...
...
...
W
aterfowl. .
...
...
...
...
Geese. .
...
...
...
...
Ducks. .
...
...
...
...
Doves. .
...
...
...
...
Other migratory birds. .
...
...
...
...
Other animals, total1. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Includes groundhog, raccoon, fox, coyote, crow, prairie dog, etc.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 23
Table 14. Hunters and Days of Hunting in Massachusetts by Type of Land: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Hunters and days of hunting
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
HUNTERS
Total, all types of land. .
56
100
52
100
...
...
Public land, total. .
*33
*59
*30
*58
...
...
Public land only. .
*15
*27
...
...
...
...
Public and private land. .
*18
*32
*18
*34
...
...
Private land, total. .
*39
*69
*38
*72
...
...
Private land only. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Private and public land. .
*18
*32
*18
*34
...
...
DAYS
Total, all types of land. .
1,062
100
1,041
100
...
...
Public land1. .
*539
*51
*529
*51
...
...
Private land2. .
*625
*59
*602
*58
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Days of hunting on public land includes both days spent solely on public land and those spent on public and private land.
2 Days of hunting on private land includes both days spent solely on private land and those spent on private and public land.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.24 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 15. Selected Characteristics of Massachusetts Resident Anglers and Hunters: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Characteristic
Population
Sportspersons
(fished or hunted)
Anglers
Hunters
Number
Percent
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent
of
sports-
persons
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent of anglers
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent of
hunters
Total persons. .
5,320
100
464
9
100
457
9
100
66
1
100
Population Density of Residence
Urban. .
4,833
91
412
9
89
406
8
89
*48
*1
*73
Rural. .
487
9
51
11
11
51
10
11
*17
*4
*27
Population Size of Residence
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). .
5,306
100
461
9
99
454
9
99
65
1
98
1,000,000 or more. .
3,962
74
312
8
67
309
8
68
...
...
...
250,000 to 999,999. .
1,097
21
120
11
26
116
11
25
*40
*4
*61
50,000 to 249,999. .
247
5
*28
*11
*6
*28
*11
*6
...
...
...
Outside MSA. .
*14
*(Z)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Sex
Male. .
2,589
49
362
14
78
354
14
78
58
2
88
Female. .
2,731
51
102
4
22
102
4
22
...
...
...
Age
16 to 17 years. .
231
4
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
18 to 24 years. .
577
11
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
25 to 34 years. .
945
18
*124
*13
*27
*123
*13
*27
...
...
...
35 to 44 years. .
819
15
100
12
22
100
12
22
...
...
...
45 to 54 years. .
947
18
88
9
19
87
9
19
*29
*3
*44
55 to 64 years. .
952
18
66
7
14
61
6
13
*15
*2
*22
65 years and older. .
849
16
*69
*8
*15
*69
*8
*15
...
...
...
65 to 74 years. .
465
9
*54
*12
*12
*54
*12
*12
...
...
...
75 and older. .
384
7
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Ethnicity
Hispanic. .
508
10
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Non-Hispanic. .
4,812
90
447
9
96
440
9
96
62
1
95
Race
White. .
4,157
78
426
10
92
419
10
92
62
1
95
African American. .
301
6
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
All others. .
862
16
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Annual Household Income
Less than $20,000. .
489
9
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$20,000 to $29,999. .
360
7
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$30,000 to $39,999. .
370
7
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$40,000 to $49,999. .
216
4
*18
*8
*4
*16
*8
*4
...
...
...
$50,000 to $74,999. .
721
14
74
10
16
74
10
16
...
...
...
$75,000 to $99,999. .
645
12
57
9
12
57
9
13
...
...
...
$100,000 to $149,999. .
759
14
114
15
25
109
14
24
*20
*3
*31
$150,000 or more. .
616
12
*70
*11
*15
*70
*11
*15
...
...
...
Not reported. .
1,145
22
*52
*5
*11
*51
*4
*11
...
...
...
Education
11 years or less. .
594
11
*15
*3
*3
*15
*3
*3
...
...
...
12 years. .
1,495
28
132
9
28
129
9
28
*25
*2
*38
1 to 3 years of college. .
1,093
21
94
9
20
90
8
20
*16
*1
*24
4 years or more of college. .
2,138
40
223
10
48
222
10
49
*24
*1
*36
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (Z) Less than 0.5 percent.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses. Percent who participated columns show the percent of each row’s population who participated in the activity named by the column (the percent of those living in urban areas who fished, etc.). Remaining percent columns show the percent of each column’s participants who are described by the row heading (the percent of anglers who lived in urban areas, etc.).U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 25
Table 16. Summary of Expenditures in Massachusetts by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average
per sportsperson
(dollars)1
FISHING AND HUNTING
Total. .
683,507
562
1,216
958
Food and lodging. .
69,916
359
195
130
Transportation. .
60,739
365
166
112
Other trip costs2. .
139,991
387
361
260
Equipment (fishing, hunting). .
123,228
342
361
205
Auxiliary equipment3. .
25,558
86
298
41
Special equipment4. .
*234,430
*50
*4,729
*160
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
*2,755
*55
*50
*4
Membership dues and contributions. .
14,807
97
152
24
Other5. .
12,084
291
42
22
FISHING
Total. .
455,403
538
846
811
Food and lodging. .
62,852
355
177
118
Transportation. .
52,098
358
145
97
Other trip costs2. .
138,754
386
359
261
Fishing equipment. .
77,827
329
237
142
Auxiliary equipment3. .
*4,947
*40
*123
*8
Special equipment4. .
*105,767
*41
*2,598
*160
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
*1,022
*25
*41
*2
Membership dues and contributions. .
*2,634
*33
*80
*5
Other5. .
9,501
258
37
18
HUNTING
Total. .
87,483
64
1,374
1,293
Food and lodging. .
*7,064
*37
*190
*126
Transportation. .
*8,640
*37
*234
*154
Other trip costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Hunting equipment. .
*45,364
*49
*930
*610
Auxiliary equipment3. .
*16,349
*26
*627
*232
Special equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
Other5. .
2,583
49
52
46
UNSPECIFIED6
Total. .
138,149
77
1,802
*21
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes boating costs, equipment rental, guide fees, access fees, heating and cooking fuel, and ice and bait (for fishing only).
3 Includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing and hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and repair
of equipment, processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
4 Includes big-ticket items bought primarily for hunting and fishing including boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles,
pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
5 Includes land leasing and ownership, licenses, stamps, tags, permits, and plantings (for hunting only).
6 Respondent could not specify whether expenditure was primarily for either fishing or hunting.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. `26 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 17. Summary of Fishing Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Massachusetts by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined by Type of Fishing: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average per
spender (dollars)1
Average per
angler (dollars)1
ALL FISHING
Total. .
442,246
521
849
787
Food and lodging. .
62,852
355
177
118
Transportation. .
52,098
358
145
97
Other trip costs. .
138,754
386
359
261
Equipment. .
188,541
346
545
310
ALL FRESHWATER
Total. .
105,863
295
359
195
Food and lodging. .
19,938
211
94
37
Transportation. .
27,926
201
139
52
Other trip costs. .
26,132
217
120
49
Equipment. .
31,866
189
168
57
FRESHWATER, EXCEPT GREAT LAKES
Total. .
105,451
290
363
195
Food and lodging. .
19,938
211
94
37
Transportation. .
27,926
201
139
52
Other trip costs. .
26,132
217
120
49
Equipment. .
31,454
184
171
57
GREAT LAKES
Total. .
...
...
...
...
Food and lodging. .
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
...
...
...
...
SALTWATER
Total. .
283,560
312
910
501
Food and lodging. .
42,914
222
193
81
Transportation. .
24,172
211
114
45
Other trip costs. .
112,623
222
508
212
Equipment. .
103,851
161
644
163
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Table 19 for detailed listing of expenditure items.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 27
Table 18. Summary of Hunting Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Massachusetts by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined by Type of Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average per
type of hunter
(dollars)1
ALL HUNTING
Total. .
79,834
60
1,322
1,164
Food and lodging. .
*7,064
*37
*190
*126
Transportation. .
*8,640
*37
*234
*154
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
62,893
50
1,257
*862
BIG GAME
Total. .
*43,048
*45
*949
*520
Food and lodging. .
*4,165
*28
*148
*74
Transportation. .
*4,181
*26
*158
*74
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
*34,659
*40
*871
*370
SMALL GAME
Total. .
*15,473
*23
*659
*523
Food and lodging. .
*714
*16
*45
*24
Transportation. .
*1,579
*18
*86
*53
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
...
...
...
...
MIGRATORY BIRDS
Total. .
...
...
...
...
Food and lodging. .
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
...
...
...
...
OTHER ANIMALS
Total. .
...
...
...
...
Food and lodging. .
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Table 20 for detailed listing of expenditure items.28 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 19. Expenditures in Massachusetts by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Fishing: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Expenditures
Spenders
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Average
per angler
(dollars)1
Number
(thousands)
Percent of anglers
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Total, all items. . .. .
455,403
811
538
101
846
TRIP-RELATED EXPENDITURES
Total trip-related. .
253,705
476
470
88
540
Food and lodging, total. .
62,852
118
355
67
177
Food. .
50,300
95
351
66
143
Lodging. .
*12,552
*24
*31
*6
*408
Transportation. .
52,098
97
358
67
145
Other trip costs, total. .
138,754
261
386
73
359
Privilege and other fees2. .
59,235
111
96
18
614
Boating costs3. .
50,074
94
101
19
497
Bait. .
22,203
42
282
53
79
Ice. .
6,820
13
145
27
47
Heating and cooking fuel. .
*422
*1
*23
*4
*18
EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES
PRIMARILY FOR FISHING
Fishing equipment, total. .
77,827
142
329
62
237
Reels, rods, and rod-making components. .
31,926
58
151
28
211
Lines, hooks, sinkers, etc.. .
14,286
26
279
53
51
Artificial lures and flies. .
15,101
27
244
46
62
Creels, stringers, fish bags, landing nets, and gaff hooks. .
*1,816
*3
*50
*9
*36
Minnow seines, traps, and bait containers. .
*403
*1
*21
*4
*19
Other fishing equipment4. .
14,296
26
95
18
151
Auxiliary equipment5. .
*4,947
*8
*40
*8
*123
Special equipment6. .
*105,767
*160
*41
*8
*2,598
Other fishing costs7. .
13,157
24
281
53
47
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes boat or equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trip (party and charter boats, etc.), public land use, and private land use.
3 Includes boat launching, mooring, storage, maintenance, insurance, pumpout fees, and fuel.
4 Includes electronic fishing devices (depth finders, fish finders, etc.), tackle boxes, ice fishing equipment, and other fishing equipment.
5 Includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and repair of equipment,
processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
6 Includes big-ticket items bought primarily for fishing including boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans,
travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
7 Includes magazines, books, and DVDs, membership dues and contributions, land leasing and ownership, and licenses, stamps, tags, and permits.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. Percent of anglers may be greater than 100 because spenders who did not fish in this state are included.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 29
Table 20. Expenditures in Massachusetts by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Expenditures
Spenders
Amount (thousands
of dollars)
Average
per hunter
(dollars)1
Number
(thousands)
Percent of hunters
Average per spender
(dollars)1
Total, all items. . .. .
87,483
1,293
64
113
1,374
TRIP-RELATED EXPENDITURES
Total trip-related. .
*16,941
*302
*47
*84
*359
Food and lodging, total. .
*7,064
*126
*37
*66
*190
Food. .
*6,247
*111
*37
*66
*168
Lodging. .
...
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
*8,640
*154
*37
*66
*234
Other trip costs, total. .
...
...
...
...
...
Privilege and other fees2. .
...
...
...
...
...
Boating costs3. .
...
...
...
...
...
Heating and cooking fuel. .
...
...
...
...
...
EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES
PRIMARILY FOR HUNTING
Hunting equipment, total. .
*45,364
*610
*49
*87
*930
Firearms. .
...
...
...
...
...
Ammunition. .
*7,297
*90
*42
*74
*176
Other hunting equipment4. .
*19,111
*303
*30
*53
*648
Auxiliary equipment5. .
*16,349
*232
*26
*46
*627
Special equipment6. .
...
...
...
...
...
Other hunting costs7. .
7,649
129
56
100
137
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes guide fees, pack trip and package fees, public and private land use access fees, and rental of equipment such as boats and hunting or camping equipment.
3 Boating costs include launching, mooring, storage, maintenance, insurance, pumpout fees, and fuel.
4 Includes telescopic sights, decoys and game calls, handloading equipment and components, hunting dogs and associated costs, hunting knives, bows, arrows, archery
equipment, and other hunting equipment.
5 Includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and repair of
equipment, processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
6 Includes big-ticket items bought primarily for hunting including boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans,
travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
7 Includes magazines, books, and DVDs, membership dues and contributions, land leasing and ownership, and licenses, stamps, tags, and permits.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. Percent of hunters may be greater than 100 because spenders who did not hunt in this state are included.30 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 21. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Massachusetts for Fishing and Hunting by Massachusetts Residents and Nonresidents: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average per sportsperson
(dollars)1
STATE RESIDENTS AND NONRESIDENTS
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. . .. .
653,862
539
1,212
11,647
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing, total. .
442,246
521
849
787
Food and lodging. .
62,852
355
177
118
Transportation. .
52,098
358
145
97
Boating costs2. .
50,074
101
497
94
Other trip costs3. .
88,681
363
244
167
Equipment. .
188,541
346
545
310
Trip and equipment expenditures for hunting, total. .
82,264
63
1,316
1,164
Food and lodging. .
*7,064
*37
*190
*126
Transportation. .
*8,640
*37
*234
*154
Boating costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs3. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
65,323
52
1,251
*862
Unspecified equipment4. .
*129,352
*37
*3,476
*2,304
STATE RESIDENTS
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. . .. .
563,913
377
1,496
10,774
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing, total. .
377,599
363
1,040
987
Food and lodging. .
49,837
260
192
132
Transportation. .
41,150
246
167
108
Boating costs2. .
47,619
80
598
126
Other trip costs3. .
72,441
270
268
192
Equipment. .
166,552
304
548
428
Trip and equipment expenditures for hunting, total. .
78,258
57
1,376
*1,242
Food and lodging. .
*7,005
*36
*197
*134
Transportation. .
*8,337
*34
*245
*159
Boating costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs3. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
*61,679
*49
*1,249
*925
Unspecified equipment4. .
*108,056
*35
*3,070
*2,064
NONRESIDENTS
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. . .. .
89,948
162
554
23,688
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing, total. .
64,647
158
410
299
Food and lodging. .
13,015
95
137
84
Transportation. .
10,949
112
98
71
Boating costs2. .
*2,455
*21
*116
*16
Other trip costs3. .
16,240
93
174
105
Equipment. .
21,989
42
522
*23
Trip and equipment expenditures for hunting, total. .
...
...
...
...
Food and lodging. .
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
...
...
...
...
Boating costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs3. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
...
...
...
...
Unspecified equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes boat launching, mooring, storage, maintenance, insurance, pumpout fees, and fuel.
3 Includes equipment rental, guide and access fees, ice and bait for fishing, and heating and cooking oil.
4 Respondent could not specify whether item was for hunting or fishing.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 31
Table 22. Summary of Massachusetts Residents’ Fishing and Hunting Expenditures Both Inside and Outside Massachusetts: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average
per sportsperson
(dollars)1
FISHING AND HUNTING
Total. .
718,028
445
1,612
1,548
Food and lodging. .
81,612
335
243
176
Transportation. .
65,731
317
207
142
Other trip costs2. .
131,970
339
389
285
Equipment (fishing, hunting). .
134,543
326
413
290
Auxiliary equipment3. .
32,427
97
334
70
Special equipment4. .
*204,741
*56
*3,666
*442
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
*3,105
*56
*56
*7
Membership dues and contributions. .
15,561
90
173
34
Other5. .
48,338
324
149
104
FISHING
Total. .
464,082
436
1,064
1,016
Food and lodging. .
70,847
327
216
155
Transportation. .
54,878
309
178
120
Other trip costs2. .
130,733
338
387
286
Fishing equipment. .
82,955
313
265
182
Auxiliary equipment3. .
*5,509
*42
*130
*12
Special equipment4. .
*95,635
*46
*2,098
*209
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
*1,036
*26
*40
*2
Membership dues and contributions. .
*2,202
*23
*98
*5
Other5. .
20,288
287
71
44
HUNTING
Total. .
128,540
66
1,956
1,956
Food and lodging. .
*10,765
*49
*220
*164
Transportation. .
*10,853
*46
*234
*165
Other trip costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Hunting equipment. .
*50,190
*49
*1,032
*764
Auxiliary equipment3. .
*19,885
*28
*717
*303
Special equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
Other5. .
28,049
55
508
427
UNSPECIFIED6
Total. .
123,198
75
1,650
266
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes boating costs, equipment rental, guide fees, access fees, heating and cooking fuel, and ice and bait (for fishing only).
3 Includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing and hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and
repair of equipment, processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
4 Includes big-ticket items bought primarily for hunting and fishing including boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles,
pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
5 Includes land leasing and ownership, licenses, stamps, tags, and permits, and plantings (for hunting only).
6 Respondent could not specify whether expenditure was primarily for fishing or hunting.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Tables 19–20 for a detailed listing of expenditure items.32 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 23. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by Massachusetts Residents for Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average per
spender (dollars)1
Average per
sportsperson
(dollars)1
IN MASSACHUSETTS
Expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. .
591,512
395
1,499
1,098
Trip-related expenditures. .
227,626
331
687
423
Equipment (fishing and hunting). .
117,264
304
386
218
Auxiliary equipment2. .
24,209
79
305
45
Special equipment3. .
*194,815
*45
*4,367
*362
Other4. .
27,598
295
94
51
Expenditures for fishing, total. .
389,188
380
1,025
732
Trip-related expenditures. .
211,047
328
644
397
Fishing equipment. .
72,453
292
248
136
Auxiliary equipment2. .
*4,444
*35
*126
*8
Special equipment3. .
*89,656
*38
*2,383
*169
Other4. .
11,589
248
47
22
Expenditures for hunting, total. .
85,499
58
1,472
1,523
Trip-related expenditures. .
*16,579
*44
*374
*295
Hunting equipment. .
*44,774
*48
*941
*798
Auxiliary equipment2. .
*15,715
*25
*621
*280
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
*7,277
*51
*142
*130
Unspecified expenditures for fishing and hunting, total5. .
116,783
72
1,615
217
OUT OF STATE
Expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. .
182,720
403
454
339
Trip-related expenditures. .
107,891
179
601
200
Equipment (fishing and hunting). .
17,279
326
53
32
Auxiliary equipment2. .
*8,218
*97
*85
*15
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
39,406
199
198
73
Expenditures for fishing, total. .
112,575
379
297
212
Trip-related expenditures. .
83,093
164
506
156
Fishing equipment. .
*10,503
*313
*34
*20
Auxiliary equipment2. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
*11,936
*137
*87
*22
Expenditures for hunting, total. .
*66,529
*59
*1,122
*1,185
Trip-related expenditures. .
*24,798
*27
*916
*442
Hunting equipment. .
*5,416
*49
*111
*96
Auxiliary equipment2. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
*27,179
*48
*566
*484
Unspecified expenditures for fishing and hunting, total5. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Auxiliary equipment includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing and hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders,
maintenance and repair of equipment, processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
3 Special equipment includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes,
house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
4 Other equipment includes expenditures for magazines, books, DVDs, membership dues and contributions, land leasing and ownership, licenses, stamps, tags, and permits, and
plantings.
5 Respondent could not specify whether expenditure was primarily for either fishing or hunting.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 33
Table 24. Wildlife Watching in Massachusetts by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Participants
Number
Percent
Total participants. .
1,828
100
Away from home. .
662
36
Observe wildlife. .
628
34
Photograph wildlife. .
272
15
Feed wildlife. .
*69
*4
Around the home. .
1,490
81
Observe wildlife. .
911
50
Photograph wildlife. .
598
33
Feed wildlife. .
1,124
62
V
isit parks or natural areas1. .
341
19
Maintain plantings or natural areas. .
386
21
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29.
1 Includes visits only to parks or natural areas within one mile of home.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 25. Participants, Trips, and Days of Participation in Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching in
Massachusetts: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Participants, trips, and days of participation
Activity in Massachusetts
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
PARTICIPANTS
Total participants. .
662
100
342
100
320
100
Observe wildlife. .
628
95
310
91
318
99
Photograph wildlife. .
272
41
197
58
74
23
Feed wildlife. .
*69
*10
*31
*9
...
...
TRIPS
Total Trips. .
4,514
100
3,510
100
1,004
100
Average days per trip. .
2
(X)
2
(X)
3
(X)
DAYS
Total days. .
10,546
100
7,797
100
2,750
100
Observing wildlife. .
6,670
63
4,560
58
2,110
77
Photographing wildlife. .
1,908
18
1,634
21
*275
*10
Feeding wildlife. .
*1,075
*10
*728
*9
...
...
Average days per participant. .
16
(X)
23
(X)
9
(X)
Observing wildlife. .
11
(X)
15
(X)
7
(X)
Photographing wildlife. .
7
(X)
8
(X)
*4
(X)
Feeding wildlife. .
*16
(X)
*23
(X)
...
(X)
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.34 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 26. Away-From-Home Wildlife-Watching Participants by Wildlife Observed, Photographed, or Fed in Massachusetts: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Wildlife observed, photographed, or fed
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total all wildlife. .
662
100
342
52
320
48
Total birds. .
635
100
325
51
310
49
Songbirds (cardinals, robins, warblers, etc.). .
363
100
250
69
113
31
Birds of prey (hawks, owls, eagles, etc.). .
413
100
199
48
*214
*52
Waterfowl (ducks, geese, swans, etc.). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
451
100
225
50
*226
*50
Other water birds (shorebirds, herons, cranes, etc.). .
378
100
155
41
223
59
Other birds (pheasants, turkeys, road runners, etc.). .
217
100
160
74
...
...
Total land mammals. .
348
100
210
60
*138
*40
Large land mammals (bears, bison, elk, etc.). .
221
100
123
56
*97
*44
Small land mammals (prairie dogs, squirrels, etc.). .
269
100
175
65
*94
*35
Fish (salmon, sharks, etc.). .
.. 229
100
*80
*35
...
...
Marine mammals (whales, dolphins, etc.). .
*235
*100
*76
*32
*159
*68
Other wildlife (butterflies, turtles, etc.). .
245
100
166
68
*79
*32
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 27. Participation in Wildlife-Watching Activities Around the Home in Massachusetts: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Around the home
Participants
Number
Percent
Total around-the-home participants. .
1,490
100
Observe wildlife. .
911
61
Visit parks and natural areas1. .
341
23
Photograph wildlife. .
598
40
Feed wildlife. .
1,124
75
Maintain natural areas. .
219
15
Maintain plantings. .
275
18
Participants Observing Wildlife
Total, all wildlife. .
911
100
Birds. .
848
93
Land mammals. .
732
80
Large mammals. .
446
49
Small mammals. .
688
76
Amphibians or reptiles. .
276
30
Insects or spiders. .
351
39
Fish and other wildlife. .
240
26
Total, 1 day or more. .
911
100
1 to 10 days. .
212
23
1
1 to 50 days. .
171
19
51 to 200 days. .
222
24
201 days or more. .
290
32
Participants Visiting Parks or Natural Areas1
Total, 1 day or more. .
341
100
1 to 5 days. .
*114
*33
6 to 10 days. .
*69
*20
1
1 days or more. .
157
46
Participants Photographing Wildlife
Total, 1 day or more. .
598
100
1 to 3 days. .
232
39
4 to 10 days. .
157
26
1
1 or more days. .
186
31
Participants Feeding Wildlife
Total, all wildlife. .
1,124
100
W
ild birds. .
1,076
96
Other wildlife. .
226
20
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29.
1 Includes visits only to parks or natural areas within one mile of home.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 35
Table 28. Massachusetts Residents Participating in Wildlife Watching in the United States: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Participants
Number
Percent of participants
Percent of population
Total participants. .
1,530
100
29
Away from home. .
453
30
9
Around the home. .
1,490
97
28
Observe wildlife. .
911
60
17
Photograph wildlife. .
598
39
11
Feed wild birds or other wildlife. .
1,124
73
21
Maintain plantings or natural areas. .
386
25
7
V
isit parks or natural areas1. .
341
22
6
1 Includes visits only to parks or natural areas within one mile of home.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses. The column showing percent of participants is based on total participants. The column
showing percent of population is based on the state population 16 years old and older, including those who did not participate in wildlife watching.
Table 29. Wild Bird Observers and Days of Observation in Massachusetts by State Residents and Nonresidents: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Observers and days of observation
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
OBSERVERS
Total bird observers. .
1,238
100
934
100
304
100
Around-the-home observers. .
848
68
848
91
(X)
(X)
Away-from-home observers. .
595
48
291
31
304
100
DAYS
Total days observing birds. . .. .
112,288
100
110,061
100
2,228
100
Around the home. .
106,258
95
106,258
97
(X)
(X)
Away from home. .
6,031
5
3,803
3
2,228
100
(X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.36 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 30. Selected Characteristics of Massachusetts Residents Participating in Wildlife Watching: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Characteristic
Population
Participants
Total
Away from home
Around the home
Number
Percent
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent
Total persons. .
5,320
100
1,530
29
100
453
9
100
1,490
28
100
Population Density of Residence
Urban. .
4,833
91
1,268
26
83
389
8
86
1,228
25
82
Rural. .
487
9
262
54
17
*64
*13
*14
262
54
18
Population Size of Residence
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). .
5,306
100
1,523
29
100
452
9
100
1,483
28
100
1,000,000 or more. .
3,962
74
1,042
26
68
315
8
70
1,023
26
69
250,000 to 999,999. .
1,097
21
357
33
23
102
9
23
336
31
23
50,000 to 249,999. .
247
5
123
50
8
*34
*14
*8
123
50
8
Outside MSA. .
*14
*(Z)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Sex
Male. .
2,589
49
694
27
45
194
7
43
661
26
44
Female. .
2,731
51
836
31
55
259
9
57
829
30
56
Age
16 to 17 years. .
231
4
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
18 to 24 years. .
577
11
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
25 to 34 years. .
945
18
*60
*6
*4
...
...
...
*58
*6
*4
35 to 44 years. .
819
15
253
31
17
*92
*11
*20
253
31
17
45 to 54 years. .
947
18
381
40
25
183
19
40
361
38
24
55 to 64 years. .
952
18
341
36
22
*63
*7
*14
331
35
22
65 years and older. .
849
16
396
47
26
*79
*9
*18
393
46
26
65 to 74 years. .
465
9
242
52
16
*70
*15
*15
239
51
16
75 and older. .
384
7
153
40
10
...
...
...
153
40
10
Ethnicity
Hispanic. .
508
10
*93
*18
*6
...
...
...
*91
*18
*6
Non-Hispanic. .
4,812
90
1,437
30
94
441
9
97
1,398
29
94
Race
White. .
4,157
78
1,401
34
92
437
11
96
1,363
33
91
African American. .
301
6
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
All others. .
862
16
*96
*11
*6
...
...
...
*96
*11
*6
Annual Household Income
Less than $20,000. .
489
9
*125
*26
*8
...
...
...
*125
*26
*8
$20,000 to $29,999. .
360
7
*120
*33
*8
...
...
...
*115
*32
*8
$30,000 to $39,999. .
370
7
*92
*25
*6
...
...
...
*91
*25
*6
$40,000 to $49,999. .
216
4
112
52
7
*40
*19
*9
108
50
7
$50,000 to $74,999. .
721
14
150
21
10
*73
*10
*16
150
21
10
$75,000 to $99,999. .
645
12
183
28
12
*59
*9
*13
183
28
12
$100,000 to $149,999. .
759
14
266
35
17
*71
*9
*16
254
33
17
$150,000 or more. .
616
12
202
33
13
*119
*19
*26
186
30
12
Not reported. .
1,145
22
279
24
18
*55
*5
*12
277
24
19
Education
11 years or less. .
594
11
*110
*18
*7
...
...
...
*104
*18
*7
12 years. .
1,495
28
316
21
21
*60
*4
*13
310
21
21
1 to 3 years of college. .
1,093
21
307
28
20
*77
*7
*17
307
28
21
4 years or more of college .
2,138
40
797
37
52
298
14
66
768
36
52
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (Z) Less than 0.5 percent
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. Percent who participated columns show the percent of each row’s population who participated in the activity named by the column (the percent of those living in urban areas who participated, etc.). Percent columns show the percent of each column’s participants who are described by the row heading (the percent of those who participated who live in urban areas, etc.).U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 37
Table 31. Expenditures in Massachusetts by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Wildlife Watching: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Expenditures (thousands
of dollars)
Average per participant
(dollars)1
Spenders
Number
(thousands)
Percent of wildlife-watching participants2
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Total, all items. . .
1,277,898
681
1,568
86
815
TRIP EXPENDITURES
Total, trip-related. .
286,092
417
654
99
437
Food and lodging. .
199,653
302
498
75
401
Food. .
72,919
110
498
75
146
Lodging. .
*126,733
*191
*163
*25
*777
Transportation. .
72,675
94
624
94
116
Other trip costs3. .
13,765
21
237
36
58
EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES
Total. .
991,805
530
1,373
75
722
Wildlife-watching equipment, total. .
252,447
131
1,202
66
210
Binoculars, spotting scopes. .
18,178
*10
111
6
164
Film and photo processing. .
11,000
6
162
9
68
Cameras, special lenses, video cameras, and other photographic
equipment, including memory cards. .
65,816
34
139
8
475
Day packs, carrying cases, and special clothing. .
27,328
*11
269
15
102
Bird food. .
96,119
51
851
47
113
Food for other wildlife. .
5,668
3
101
6
56
Nest boxes, bird houses, bird feeders, and bird baths. .
23,871
13
446
24
54
Other equipment (including field guides). .
4,468
2
202
11
22
Auxiliary equipment4. .
*22,159
*10
*165
*9
*134
Special equipment5. .
...
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
7,052
4
144
8
49
Membership dues and contributions. .
74,747
40
348
19
215
Land leasing and ownership. .
...
...
...
...
...
Plantings. .
41,335
23
274
15
151
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Percent of wildlife-watching participants column for trip-related expenditures is based on away-from-home participation. For equipment and other expenditures, the percent of
wildlife-watching participants column is based on total wildlife-watching participants.
3 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use and private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.
4 Includes tents, tarps, frame packs and other backpacking equipment, other camping equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.
5 Includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers,
recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.38 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 32. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Massachusetts for Wildlife Watching by Massachusetts Residents and Nonresidents: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average
per participant
(dollars)1
STATE RESIDENTS AND NONRESIDENTS
Total. .
612,060
1,504
407
318
Food and lodging. .
199,653
498
401
302
Transportation. .
72,675
624
116
94
Other trip costs2. .
13,765
237
58
21
Equipment3. .
325,967
1,249
261
167
STATE RESIDENTS
Total. .
399,616
1,096
365
258
Food and lodging. .
53,603
226
238
157
Transportation. .
42,505
329
129
94
Other trip costs2. .
*7,175
*56
*129
*21
Equipment3. .
296,333
1,010
293
197
NONRESIDENTS
Total. .
212,444
408
520
599
Food and lodging. .
146,049
273
536
457
Transportation. .
30,169
295
102
94
Other trip costs2. .
*6,590
*181
*36
*21
Equipment3. .
29,635
239
124
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use, private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.
3 Includes wildlife-watching auxiliary and special equipment.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Table 33 for detailed listed of expenditure items.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 39
Table 33. Wildlife-Watching Expenditures Both Inside and Outside Massachusetts by Massachusetts Residents: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Expenditures (thousands
of dollars)
Average per
participant
(dollars)1
Spenders
Number
(thousands)
Percent of
wildlife-watching participants2
Average per spender (dollars)1
Total, all items. . .
1,165,146
761
1,187
78
982
TRIP EXPENDITURES
Total, trip-related. .
272,223
601
404
89
673
Food and lodging. .
172,009
380
310
68
555
Food. .
97,729
216
310
68
315
Lodging. .
*74,280
*164
*94
*21
*787
Transportation. .
87,676
194
388
86
226
Other trip costs3. .
12,538
28
148
33
85
EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES
Total. .
892,922
584
1,141
75
783
Wildlife-watching equipment, total. .
287,701
188
1,025
67
281
Binoculars, spotting scopes. .
19,987
13
122
8
164
Film and photo processing. .
19,076
12
140
9
136
Cameras, special lenses, video cameras, and other
photographic equipment, including memory cards. .
99,489
65
151
10
660
Day packs, carrying cases, and special clothing. .
19,843
13
143
9
139
Bird food. .
94,307
62
836
55
113
Food for other wildlife. .
5,705
4
106
7
54
Nest boxes, bird houses, bird feeders, and bird baths. .
25,003
16
479
31
52
Other equipment. .
4,289
3
113
7
38
Auxiliary equipment4. .
*22,274
*15
*158
*10
*141
Special equipment5. .
...
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
7,801
5
169
11
46
Membership dues and contributions. .
48,645
32
378
25
129
Land leasing and ownership. .
*339,521
*222
*33
*2
*10,206
Plantings. .
41,335
27
274
18
151
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Percent of wildlife-watching participants column for trip-related expenditures is based on away-from-home participation. For equipment and other expenditures, the percent of
wildlife-watching participants column is based on total wildlife-watching participants.
3 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use and private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.
4 Includes tents, tarps, frame packs and other backpacking equipment, other camping equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.
5 Includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers,
recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.40 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 34. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by Massachusetts Residents for Wildlife Watching: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure Item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average
per participant
(dollars)1
IN MASSACHUSETTS
Expenditures for wildlife watching, total2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
709,035
1,140
622
469
Trip-related expenditures3. .
.. 103,283
344
300
302
Wildlife-watching equipment4. .
230,611
970
238
153
Auxiliary equipment5. .
*17,812
*137
*130
*12
Special equipment6. .
...
...
...
...
Other7. .
309,419
503
615
204
OUT OF STATE
Expenditures for wildlife watching, total2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
447,119
318
1,405
1,517
Trip-related expenditures3. .
.. 168,940
181
935
797
Wildlife-watching equipment4. .
56,203
144
390
*142
Auxiliary equipment5. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment6. .
...
...
...
...
Other7. .
*124,831
*84
*1,486
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Information on trip-related expenditures was collected for away-from-home participants only. Equipment and other expenditures are based on information collected from both
away-from-home and around-the-home participants.
3 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use and private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.
4 Includes binoculars, spotting scopes, cameras, special lenses, videocameras, other photography equipment, memory cards, film and photo processing, commercially prepared and
packaged wild bird food, other bulk food used to feed wild birds, food used to feed other wildlife, nest boxes, bird houses, feeders, baths, and other wildife-watching equipment.
5 Includes tents, tarps, frame packs and other backpacking equipment, other camping equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.
6 Includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers,
recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
7 Includes magazines, books, DVDs, membership dues and contributions, and land leasing and ownership.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
Table 35. Participation of Massachusetts Resident Wildlife-Watching Participants in Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Participants
Total wildlife watchers
Wildife-watching activity
Away from home
Around the home
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total participants. .
1,530
100
453
100
1,490
100
Wildlife-watching participants who:
Did not fish or hunt. .
1,316
86
364
80
1,285
86
Fished or hunted. .
215
14
89
20
205
14
Fished. .
208
14
87
19
198
13
Hunted. .
*51
*3
*28
*6
*49
*3
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 41
Table 36. Participation of Massachusetts Resident Sportspersons in Wildlife-Watching Activities: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Sportspersons
Sportspersons
Anglers
Hunters
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total sportspersons. .
464
100
457
100
66
100
Sportspersons who:
Did not engage in wildlife-watching activities. .
249
54
248
54
...
...
Engaged in wildlife-watching activities. .
215
46
208
46
*51
*77
A
way from home. .
89
19
87
19
*28
*42
Around the home. .
205
44
198
43
*49
*74
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
State reports for previous Surveys included tables that had estimates for all fifty states. In order to expedite release of the 2011 Massachusetts State report, state estimates have been deleted. To find state estimates other than Massachusetts, go to http://wsfrprograms.fws.gov/Subpages/NationalSurvey/reports2011
.html. State reports are being released alphabetically, beginning in early 2013.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 43
Appendix A
44 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Annual household income—Total 2011 income of household members before taxes and other deductions.
Around-the-home wildlife watching—Activity within 1 mile of home with one of six primary purposes: (1) taking special interest in or trying to identify birds or other wildlife; (2) photographing wildlife; (3) feeding birds or other wildlife; (4) maintaining natural areas of at least one-quarter acre for the benefit of wildlife; (5) maintaining plantings (such as shrubs and agricultural crops) for the benefit of wildlife; and (6) visiting parks and natural areas to observe, photograph, or feed wildlife.
Auxiliary equipment—Equipment owned primarily for wildlife-associated recreation. For the sportspersons section, these include sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing and hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and repair of equipment, and processing and taxidermy costs. For the wildlife-watching section, these include tents, tarps, frame packs, backpacking and other camping equipment, and blinds. For both sportspersons and wildlife watchers, it also includes electronic auxiliary equipment such as Global Positioning Systems.
Away-from-home wildlife watching—Trips or outings at least 1 mile from home for the primary purpose of observing, photographing, or feeding wildlife. Trips to zoos, circuses, aquar­iums, and museums are not included.
Big game—Bear, deer, elk, moose, wild turkey, and similar large animals that are hunted.
Census Divisions
East North Central
Illinois
Indiana
Michigan
Ohio
Wisconsin
East South Central
Alabama
Kentucky
Mississippi
Tennessee
Middle Atlantic
New Jersey
New York
Pennsylvania
Mountain
Arizona
Colorado
Idaho
Montana
Nevada
New Mexico
Utah
Wyoming
New England
Connecticut
Maine
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Vermont
Pacific
Alaska
California
Hawaii
Oregon
Washington
South Atlantic
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Maryland
North Carolina
South Carolina
Virginia
West Virginia
West North Central
Kansas
Iowa
Minnesota
Missouri
Nebraska
North Dakota
South Dakota
West South Central
Arkansas
Louisiana
Oklahoma
Texas
Day—Any part of a day spent partici­pating in a given activity. For example, if someone hunted two hours one day and three hours another day, it would be reported as two days of hunting. If someone hunted two hours in the morning and three hours in the after­noon of the same day, it would be considered one day of hunting.
Education—The highest completed grade of school or year of college.
Expenditures—Money spent in 2011 for wildlife-related recreation trips in the United States, wildlife-related recreational equipment purchased in the United States, and other items. The “other items” were books, magazines, and DVDs; membership dues and contributions, land leasing or owning; hunting and fishing licenses; and plant­ings, all for the purpose of wildlife-related recreation. Expenditures included both money spent by partici­pants for themselves and the value of gifts they received.
Appendix A.
DefinitionsU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts 45
Fishing—The sport of catching or attempting to catch fish with a hook and line, bow and arrow, or spear; it also includes catching or gathering shellfish (clams, crabs, etc.); and the noncommercial seining or netting of fish, unless the fish are for use as bait. For example, seining for smelt is fishing, but seining for bait minnows is not included as fishing.
Fishing equipment—Items owned primarily for fishing:
Rods, reels, poles, and rodmaking components
Lines and leaders
Artificial lures, flies, baits, and dressing for flies or lines
Hooks, sinkers, swivels, and other items attached to a line, except lures and baits
Tackle boxes
Creels, stringers, fish bags, landing nets, and gaff hooks
Minnow traps, seines, and bait containers
Depth finders, fish finders, and other electronic fishing devices
Ice fishing equipment
Other fishing equipment
Freshwater—Reservoirs, lakes, ponds, and the nontidal portions of rivers and streams.
Great Lakes fishing—Fishing in Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron, St. Clair, Erie, and Ontario, their connecting waters such as the St. Mary’s River system, Detroit River, St. Clair River, and the Niagara River, and the St. Lawrence River south of the bridge at Cornwall, New York. Great Lakes fishing includes fishing in tributaries of the Great Lakes for smelt, steelhead, and salmon.
Home—The starting point of a wild­life-related recreational trip. It may be a permanent residence or a temporary or seasonal residence such as a cabin.
Hunting—The sport of shooting or attempting to shoot wildlife with fire­arms or archery equipment.
Hunting equipment—Items owned primarily for hunting:
Rifles, shotguns, muzzleloaders, and handguns
Archery equipment
Telescopic sights
Decoys and game calls
Ammunition
Hand loading equipment
Hunting dogs and associated costs
Other hunting equipment
Land leasing and owning—Leasing or owning land either singly or in cooperation with others for the primary purpose of fishing, hunting, or wildlife watching on it.
Maintain natural areas—To set aside 1/4 acre or more of natural environ­ment, such as wood lots or open fields, for the primary purpose of benefiting wildlife.
Maintain plantings—To introduce or encourage the growth of food and cover plants for the primary purpose of benefiting wildlife.
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)—A Metropolitan Statis­tical Area is a grouping of one or more counties or equivalent entities that contain at least one urbanized area of 50,000 or more inhabitants. The “Outside MSA” classification include census-defined Micropolitan Statistical Areas (or Micro areas). A Micro area is defined as a grouping of one or more counties or equivalent entities that contain at least one urban cluster of at least 10,000 but less than 50,000 inhab­itants. Refer to <www.census.gov
/population/metro/about/>, for a more detailed definition of the Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Migratory birds—Birds that regularly migrate from one region or climate to another such as ducks, geese, and doves and other birds that may be hunted.
Multiple responses—The term used to reflect the fact that individuals or their characteristics fall into more than one reporting category. An example of a big game hunter who hunted for deer and elk demonstrates the effect of multiple responses. In this case, adding the number of deer hunters (one) and elk hunters (one) would overstate the number of big game hunters (one) because deer and elk hunters are not mutually exclusive categories. In contrast, for example, total participants is the sum of male and female partici­pants, because “male” and “female” are mutually exclusive categories.
Nonresidents—Individuals who do not live in the State being reported. For example, a person living in Texas who watches whales in California is a nonresidential wildlife-watcher in California.
Nonresponse—A term used to reflect the fact that some Survey respondents provide incomplete sets of informa­tion. For example, a Survey respondent may have been unable to identify the primary type of hunting for which a gun was bought. Total hunting expen­diture estimates will include the gun purchase, but it will not appear as spending for big game or any other type of hunting. Nonresponses result in reported totals that are greater than the sum of their parts.
Observe—To take special interest in or try to identify birds, fish or other wildlife.
Other animals—Coyotes, crows, foxes, groundhogs, prairie dogs, raccoons, alligators, and similar animals that can be legally hunted and are not classified as big game, small game, or migratory birds. They may be classified as unprotected or preda­tory animals by the State in which they are hunted. Feral pigs are classified as “other animals” in all States except Hawaii, where they are considered big game.
Participants—Individuals who engage in fishing, hunting, or a wildlife-watching activity. Unless otherwise stated, a person has to have hunted, fished, or wildlife watched in 2011 to be considered a participant.
Plantings—See “Maintain plantings.”
Primary purpose—The principal motivation for an activity, trip, or expenditure.
Private land—Land owned by a busi­ness, nongovernmental organization, private individual, or a group of indi­viduals such as an association or club.
Public land—Land that is owned by local governments (such as county parks and municipal watersheds),
46 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Massachusetts U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
State governments (such as State parks and wildlife management areas), or the federal government (such as National Forests, Recreational Areas, and Wild­life Refuges).
Residents—Individuals who lived in the State being reported. For example, a person who lives in California and watches whales in California is a resi­dential wildlife watcher in California.
Rural—All territory, population, and housing units located outside of urban­ized areas and urban clusters, as deter­m