2011 national survey of fishing, hunting, and wildlife-associated recreation South Dakota

              South DakotaU.S. Fish & Wildlife Service2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated RecreationBaitU.S. Department of the Interior
Sally Jewell,
Secretary
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Dan Ashe,
Director
U.S. Department of Commerce
Rebecca M. Blank,
Acting Secretary
Economics and Statistics Administration
Mark Doms,
Under Secretary for Economic Affairs
U.S. CENSUS BUREAU
Thomas L. Mesenbourg,
Senior Adviser Performing the Duties
of the Director
FHW/11-SD
Issued May 2013
2011 National Survey of
Fishing, Hunting, and
Wildlife-Associated Recreation
Bait
South Dakota
The U.S. Department of the Interior protects and manages the Nation’s natural resources and cultural heritage; provides scientific and other information about those resources; and honors its trust responsi­bilities or special commitments to American Indians, Alaska Natives, and affiliated Island Communities.
The mission of the Department’s U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is working with others to conserve, protect, and enhance fish, wildlife, and their habitats for the continuing benefit of the American people. The Service is responsible for national programs of vital importance to our natural resources, including administration of the Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration Programs. These two programs provide finan­cial assistance to the States for projects to enhance and protect fish and wildlife resources and to assure their availability to the public for recreational purposes. Multistate grants from these programs fund the National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation.
Suggested Citation
U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau. 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Dan Ashe,
Director
U.S. CENSUS BUREAU
Thomas L. Mesenbourg,
Senior Adviser Performing the Duties
of the Director
Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration
Hannibal Bolton,
Assistant Director
U.S. Department of the Interior
Sally Jewell,
Secretary
Economics and Statistics
Administration
Mark Doms,
Under Secretary for
Economic AffairsU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota iii
Contents
List of Tables. . iv
Foreword. . vi
Survey Background and Method. . vii
Highlights
Introduction. . 2
Summary. . 4
Wildlife-Related Recreation. . 5
Sportspersons. . 6
Anglers. . 7
Hunters. . 9
Wildlife Watchers. . 11
2001–2011 Comparison. . 13
Tables
Guide to Statistical Tables. . 16
Fishing and Hunting Tables. . 17
Wildlife-Watching Tables. . 33
Appendixes
A. Definitions. . 44
B. 2010 Participation of 6- to 15-Year-Olds: Data From Screening Interviews. . 48
C. Significant Methodological Changes From Previous Surveys and Regional Trends. . 54
D. Sample Design and Statistical Accuracy. . 64iv 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
List of Tables
Fishing and Hunting
1. Fishing and Hunting in South Dakota by Resident and Nonresident Sportspersons: 2011. . 17
2. Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in South Dakota by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 17
3. Anglers and Hunters, Trips, and Days of Participation: 2011. . 18
4. South Dakota Resident Anglers and Hunters by Place Fished or Hunted: 2011. . 18
5. South Dakota Resident Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in the United States
by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 18
6. Freshwater Anglers, Trips, Days of Fishing, and Type of Water Fished: 2011. . 19
7. Freshwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in South Dakota by Type of Fish: 2011. . 19
8. Great Lakes Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in South Dakota: 2011. . 20
9. Great Lakes Anglers and Days of Fishing in South Dakota by Type of Fish: 2011. . 20
10. Saltwater Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in South Dakota: 2011. . 21
11. Saltwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in South Dakota by Type of Fish: 2011. . 21
12. Hunters, Trips, and Days of Hunting in South Dakota by Type of Hunting: 2011. . 22
13. Hunters and Days of Hunting in South Dakota by Type of Game: 2011. . 22
14. Hunters and Days of Hunting in South Dakota by Type of Land: 2011. . 23
15. Selected Characteristics of South Dakota Resident Anglers and Hunters: 2011. . 24
16. Summary of Expenditures in South Dakota by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined
for Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 25
17. Summary of Fishing Trip and Equipment Expenditures in South Dakota by State Residents and
Nonresidents Combined by Type of Fishing: 2011. . 26
18. Summary of Hunting Trip and Equipment Expenditures in South Dakota by State Residents and
Nonresidents Combined by Type of Hunting: 2011. . 27
19. Expenditures in South Dakota by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Fishing: 2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
20. Expenditures in South Dakota by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Hunting: 2011. . 29
21. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in South Dakota for Fishing and Hunting by South Dakota Residents
and Nonresidents: 2011. . 30
22. Summary of South Dakota Residents’ Fishing and Hunting Expenditures Both Inside and
Outside South Dakota: 2011. . 31
23. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by South Dakota Residents for Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 32
Wildlife Watching
24. Wildlife Watching in South Dakota by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined: 2011. . 33
25. Participants, Trips, and Days of Participation in Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching in South Dakota: 2011. . 33
26. Away-From-Home Wildlife-Watching Participants by Wildlife Observed, Photographed,
or Fed in South Dakota: 2011. . 34
27. Participation in Wildlife-Watching Activities Around the Home in South Dakota: 2011. . 34
28. South Dakota Residents Participating in Wildlife Watching in the United States: 2011. . 35
29. Wild Bird Observers and Days of Observation in South Dakota by State Residents and Nonresidents: 2011. . 35U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota v
30. Selected Characteristics of South Dakota Residents Participating in Wildlife Watching: 2011. . 36
31. Expenditures in South Dakota by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Wildlife Watching: 2011. . 37
32. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in South Dakota for Wildlife Watching by
South Dakota Residents and Nonresidents: 2011. . 38
33. Wildlife-Watching Expenditures Both Inside and Outside South Dakota by South Dakota Residents: 2011. . 39
34. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by South Dakota Residents for Wildlife Watching: 2011. . 40
35. Participation of South Dakota Resident Wildlife-Watching Participants in Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . .. 40
36. Participation of South Dakota Resident Sportspersons in Wildlife-Watching Activities: 2011. . 41vi 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
When I was growing up, it was taken as a matter of faith that kids belonged outside. I grew up with 4 brothers, and during those long, hot Atlanta summers, it was common for our mom to holler, “You boys get outside, and don’t come back ‘til it’s dark.” It never occurred to me or my brothers to do anything else in our spare time but explore the world around us. The truth is, we had little else to do. But those experiences – waking up on frosty mornings and starting the campfire, scanning trees for a shot at a scampering gray squirrel in the dawn light, scouring creek beds for crawdads and other fishing bait, or simply of the fun we had tramping through the forest – shaped who I am, and drew me to a career in conserva­tion.
That’s why I’m excited by this 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation. This report, the 12th in a series that began in 1955, documents a significant resurgence in the number of people embracing America’s Great Outdoors.
Hunting participation has increased by 9 percent, while angling participation grew by 11 percent. Nearly 38 percent of Americans participated in wildlife-related recreation, an increase of 2.6 million participants from the 2006 Survey.
In addition, wildlife-related recre­ation is a major driver of the nation’s economy. The 2011 Survey estimates that Americans spent $145 billion on related gear, trips, licenses, land acqui­sition or leases, and other purchases, representing about one percent of the nation’s gross domestic product.
This spending creates thousands of jobs, supports countless local commu­nities and provides vital funding for conservation.
This year marks the 75th anniversary of the Wildlife and Sport Fish Restora­tion Program, a cornerstone of wildlife conservation in the United States. Through excise taxes on firearms, ammunition, archery and angling equipment, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has distributed over $14 billion for State and territorial wildlife conser­vation programs.
This report would not have been possible without the combined efforts of state wildlife agencies – which provided financial support through the Multi-State Conservation Grant Programs – the Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies and a number of major national conservation organiza­tions. We also owe our gratitude to the thousands of survey respondents from households across America. Because
of you, this Survey is the nation’s definitive wildlife-related recreation database and information source concerning participation and purchases associated with hunting, fishing and other forms of wildlife-associated recreation nationwide.
The Fish and Wildlife Service is dedi­cated to connecting people and families with nature. We are proud to celebrate the good news in this report, and we look forward to continuing progress as we work with the States, and all our partners and the public to help keep recreational fishing, hunting, and wildlife watching growing and going strong.
Dan Ashe
Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
ForewordU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota vii
Survey Background and Method
The National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation (Survey) has been conducted since 1955 and is one of the oldest and most comprehensive continuing recreation surveys. The Survey collects information on the number of anglers, hunters, and wild­life watchers, how often they partici­pate, and how much they spend on their activities in the United States.
Preparations for the 2011 Survey began in 2008 when the Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (AFWA) asked the Fish and Wildlife Service to coordinate the twelfth National Survey of wildlife-related recreation. Funding came from the Multistate Conservation Grant Programs, authorized by Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration Acts, as amended.
Four regional technical committees were set up under the auspices of AFWA to ensure that State fish and wildlife agencies had an opportunity to participate in all phases of survey plan­ning and design. The committees were made up of agency representatives.
We consulted with State and Federal agencies and nongovernmental organizations such as the American Sportfishing Association and National Shooting Sports Foundation to deter­mine survey content. Other sportsper­sons’ organizations and conservation groups, industry representatives, and researchers also provided valuable advice.
Data collection for the Survey was carried out in two phases by the U.S. Census Bureau. The first phase was the screen which began in April 2011. During the screening phase, the Census Bureau interviewed a sample of 48,600 households nationwide, to determine who in the household had fished, hunted, or wildlife watched in 2010, and who had engaged or planned to engage in those activities in 2011. In most cases, one adult household member provided information for all members. The screen primarily covered 2010 activities while the next, more in-depth phase covered 2011 activities. For more information on the 2010 data, refer to Appendix B.
The second phase of data collection consisted of three detailed interview waves. The first wave began in April 2011 concurrent with the screen, the second in September 2011, and the last in January 2012. Interviews were conducted with samples of likely anglers, hunters, and wildlife watchers who were identified in the initial screening phase. Interviews were conducted primarily by telephone, with in-person interviews for respondents who could not be reached by phone. Respondents in the second survey phase were limited to those who were at least 16 years old. Each respondent provided information pertaining only to his or her activities and expendi­tures. Sample sizes were designed to provide statistically reliable results at the state level. Altogether, interviews were completed for 11,330 anglers and hunters and 9,329 wildlife watchers. More detailed information on sampling procedures and response rates is found in Appendix D.
Comparability With
Previous Surveys
The 2011 Survey’s questions and methodology were similar to those used in the 2006, 2001, 1996, and 1991 Surveys. Therefore, the estimates are comparable.
The methodology for these Surveys differs significantly from the 1955 to 1985 Surveys, so these estimates are not directly comparable to those of earlier surveys. Changes in meth­odology included reducing the recall period over which respondents had to report their activities and expenditures. Previous Surveys used a 12-month recall period which resulted in greater reporting bias. Research found that the amount of activity and expenditures reported in 12-month recall surveys was overestimated in comparison with that reported using shorter recall periods.Highlights
2 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
The National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation reports results from inter­views with U.S. residents about their fishing, hunting, and wildlife watching. This report focuses on 2011 participa­tion and expenditures of persons 16 years of age and older.
The Survey is a snapshot of one year. The information it collected tells us how many people participated and how much they spent on their activi­ties in the State in 2011. It does not tell us how many anglers, hunters, and wildlife watchers there were because many do not participate every year. For example, based on information collected in the Survey’s household screen phase, we can estimate that about 51 percent more anglers and 44 percent more hunters participated nationally in at least 1 of the 5 years prior to the screen survey year 2010.
In addition to 2011 estimates, we also provide trend information in the High­lights section and Appendix C of the report. The 2011 numbers reported can be compared with those in the 1991, 1996, 2001, and 2006 Survey reports because they used similar methodolo­gies. The 2011 estimates should not be directly compared with results from Surveys conducted prior to 1991 because of changes in methodology to improve accuracy.
The report also provides information on participation in wildlife recreation in 2010, particularly of persons 6 to 15 years of age. The 2010 information is provided in Appendix B. Information about the Survey’s scope and coverage is in Appendix D. The remainder of this section defines important terms used in the Survey.
This report does not provide infor­mation about the State’s wildlife resources. That, and additional infor­mation on wildlife-related recreation, may be obtained from State fish and wildlife agencies. The Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies can provide the addresses and telephone numbers of those agencies. The Association’s website is www.fishwildlife.org.
Additionally, this report does not provide information about the State’s number of licensed anglers and hunters. Historical license data can be found at wsfrprograms.fws.gov.
Wildlife-Related Recreation
Wildlife-related recreation is fishing, hunting, and wildlife-watching activi­ties. These categories are not mutually exclusive because many individuals participated in more than one activity. Wildlife-related recreation is reported in two major categories: (1) fishing and hunting, and (2) wildlife watching, which includes observing, photo­graphing, and feeding fish or wildlife.
Fishing and Hunting
This Survey reports information about residents of the United States who fished or hunted in 2011, regardless of whether they were licensed. The fishing and hunting sections report information for three groups: (1) sportspersons, (2) anglers, and (3) hunters.
Sportspersons
Sportspersons are those who fished or hunted. Individuals who fished or hunted commercially in 2011 are reported as sportspersons only if they also fished or hunted for recreation. The sportspersons group is composed of the three subgroups shown in the diagram below: (1) those that fished and hunted, (2) those that only fished, and (3) those that only hunted.
The total number of sportspersons is equal to the sum of people who only fished, only hunted, and both hunted and fished. It is not the sum of all anglers and all hunters because those people who both fished and hunted are included in both the angler and hunter population and would be incorrectly counted twice.
Anglers
Anglers are sportspersons who only fished plus those who fished and hunted. Anglers include not only licensed hook and line anglers, but also those who have no license and those who use special methods such as fishing with spears. Three types of fishing are reported: (1) freshwater, excluding the Great Lakes, (2) Great Lakes, and (3) saltwater. Since many anglers participated in more than one type of fishing, the total number of anglers is less than the sum of the three types of fishing.
SportspersonsAnglersHuntersFished onlyFishedandhuntedHuntedonly
IntroductionU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 3
Hunters
Hunters are sportspersons who only hunted plus those who hunted and fished. Hunters include not only licensed hunters using rifles and shotguns, but also those who have no license and those who engage in hunting with archery equipment, muzzleloaders, other primitive firearms, or pistols or handguns.
Four types of hunting are reported:
(1) big game, (2) small game,
(3) migratory bird, and (4) other animals. Since many hunters partici­pated in more than one type of hunting, the sum of hunters for big game, small game, migratory bird, and other animals exceeds the total number of hunters.
Wildlife Watchers
Since 1980, the National Survey has included information on wildlife-watching activities in addition to fishing and hunting. However, unlike the 1980 and 1985 Surveys, the National Surveys since 1991 have collected data only for those activities where the primary purpose was wildlife watching (observing, photographing, or feeding wildlife).
The 2011 Survey uses a strict definition of wildlife watching. Participants must either take a “special interest” in wild­life around their homes or take a trip for the “primary purpose” of wildlife watching. Secondary wildlife watching, such as incidentally observing wildlife while pleasure driving, is not included.
Two types of wildlife-watching activity are reported: (1) away-from-home (formerly nonresidential) activities and (2) around-the-home (formerly residen­tial) activities. Because some people participated in more than one type of wildlife watching, the sum of partici­pants in each type will be greater than the total number of wildlife watchers. Only those engaged in activities whose primary purpose was wildlife watching are included in the Survey. The two types of wildlife-watching activity are defined below.
Away-From-Home
This group includes persons who took trips or outings of at least 1 mile from home for the primary purpose of observing, feeding, or photographing fish and wildlife. Trips to fish or hunt or scout and trips to zoos, circuses, aquar­iums, and museums are not considered wildlife-watching activities.
Around-The-Home
This group includes those who participated within 1 mile of home and involves one or more of the following: (1) closely observing or trying to iden­tify birds or other wildlife; (2) photo­graphing wildlife; (3) feeding birds or other wildlife; (4) maintaining natural areas of at least 1/4 acre where benefit to wildlife is the primary concern;
(5) maintaining plantings (shrubs,
agricultural crops, etc.) where benefit
to wildlife is the primary concern; or
(6) visiting parks and natural areas within 1 mile of home for the primary purpose of observing, feeding, or photographing wildlife.4 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Fishing
Anglers. .
Days of fishing. .
Average days per angler. .
Total expenditures. .
Trip-related. .
Equipment and other. .
Average per angler. .
Average trip expenditure per day. .
Hunting
Hunters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Days of hunting. .
Average days per hunter. .
Total expenditures. .
Trip-related. .
Equipment and other. .
Average per hunter. .
Average trip expenditure per day. .
Wildlife Watching
Total wildlife-watching participants.
Away-from-home participants. .
Around-the-home participants. .
Days of participation away from home. .
Average days of participation
away from home. .
Total expenditures. .
Trip-related. .
Equipment and other. .
Average per participant. .
Average trip expenditure per day. .
Fishing
Anglers. .
Days of fishing. .
Average days per angler. .
Total expenditures. .
Trip-related. .
Equipment and other. .
Average per angler. .
Average trip expenditure per day. .
Hunting
Hunters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Days of hunting. .
Average days per hunter. .
Total expenditures. .
Trip-related. .
Equipment and other. .
Average per hunter. .
Average trip expenditure per day. .
Wildlife Watching
Total wildlife-watching participants.
Away-from-home participants. .
Around-the-home participants. .
Days of participation away from home. .
Average days of participation
away from home. .
Total expenditures. .
Trip-related. .
Equipment and other. .
Average per participant. .
Average trip expenditure per day. .
Activities in South Dakota by Residents and Nonresidents
Activities by South Dakota Residents Both Inside and Outside South Dakota
2011 South Dakota Summary
268,000
4,069,000
15
$202,797,000
$133,078,000
$69,719,000
$751
$33
270,000
3,742,000
14
$596,824,000
$338,230,000
$258,594,000
$2,094
$90
384,000
221,000
267,000
1,559,000
7
$166,995,000
$134,082,000
$32,913,000
$412
$86
164,000
3,649,000
22
$185,669,000
$106,837,000
$78,832,000
$1,135
$29
133,000
2,880,000
22
$245,326,000
$82,723,000
$162,603,000
$1,851
$29
267,000
108,000
267,000
1,170,000
11
$61,790,000
$35,834,000
$25,956,000
$232
$31U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 5
Wildlife-Related Recreation
Participation in South Dakota
The 2011 Survey found that 662 thousand South Dakota residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older fished, hunted, or wildlife watched in South Dakota. Of the total number of participants, 268 thousand fished, 270 thousand hunted, and 384 thousand participated in wildlife-watching activi­ties, which includes observing, feeding, and photographing wildlife. The sum of anglers, hunters, and wildlife watchers exceeds the total number of participants in wildlife-related recreation because many of the individuals engaged in more than one wildlife-related activity.
Participation in 2011 by 6- to 15-Year-Old South Dakota Residents
The focus of the National Survey is on the activity of participants 16 years old and older. However, the activity of 6- to 15-year-olds can be calculated using the screening data covering the year 2010. It is assumed for estimation purposes that the proportion of 6- to 15-year-old participants to participants 16 years old and older remained the same in 2010 and 2011. Based on this assumption, in addition to the 164 thousand resident anglers 16 years old or older in South Dakota, there were 41 thousand resident anglers 6 to 15 years old. Also, there were 133 thousand South Dakotans 16 years old and older and 23 thousand South Dakotans 6 to 15 years old who hunted. Finally, there were 267 thousand South Dakotans 16 years old and older and 46 thousand South Dakotans 6 to 15 years old who wildlife watched. Information on 2010 data for 6- to 15-year-olds is provided in Appendix B.
Expenditures in South Dakota
In 2011, state residents and nonresi­dents spent $1.2 billion on wildlife recreation in South Dakota. Of that total, trip-related expenditures were $605 million and equipment expen­ditures totaled $472 million. The remaining $153 million was spent on licenses, contributions, land ownership and leasing, and other items.
Participants in Wildlife-Related Recreation in South Dakota: 2011
(U.S. residents 16 years old and older)
Total. .
.
Sportspersons
Total. .
Anglers. .
Hunters. .
.
Wildlife Watchers
Total. .
Away from home. .
Around the home. .
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Tables 1 and 24.
Percent of Total Participantsby Activity(Total: 662 thousand participants)WildlifeWatchingHuntingFishing 40%41%58%Wildlife-RelatedRecreation Expendituresin South Dakota(Total: $1.2 billion)Trip-related 49%Equipment38%Other12%Percent of Total Residential Participants 6 to 15 Years Old by Activity: 2010(Total: 72 thousand participants)WildlifeWatchingHuntingFishing 76%76%...... Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
662 thousand
430 thousand
268 thousand
270 thousand
384 thousand
221 thousand
267 thousand
6 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Sportspersons
In 2011, 430 thousand state resident and nonresident sportspersons 16 years old and older fished or hunted in South Dakota. This group was comprised of 268 thousand anglers (62 percent of all sportspersons) and 270 thousand hunters (63 percent of all sportspersons). Among the 430 thousand sportspersons who fished or hunted in the state, 160 thousand (37 percent) fished but did not hunt in South Dakota. Another 162 thousand (38 percent) hunted but did not fish there. The remaining 108 thousand (25 percent) fished and hunted in South Dakota in 2011.
Sportspersons’ Participation in South Dakota
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Sportspersons (fished or hunted). .
.
Anglers. .
Fished only. .
Fished and hunted. .
.
Hunters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hunted only. .
Hunted and fished. .
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 1.
430 thousand
268 thousand
160 thousand
108 thousand
270 thousand
162 thousand
108 thousandU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 7
Anglers
Participants and Days of Fishing
In 2011, 268 thousand state residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older fished in South Dakota. Of this total, 156 thousand anglers (58 percent) were state residents and 112 thousand anglers (42 percent) were nonresidents. Anglers fished a total of 4.1 million days in South Dakota—an average of 15 days per angler. State residents fished 3.5 million days—87 percent of all fishing days in South Dakota. Nonresidents fished 544 thousand days in South Dakota—13 percent of all fishing days in the state.
A large majority of South Dakota residents who fished anywhere in the United States did so in their resident state. There were 164 thousand South Dakota residents 16 years old and older who fished in the United States in 2011 for a total of 3.6 million days. An estimated 96 percent of all South Dakota residents who fished did so in their home state. Of all fishing days by South Dakota residents, 97 percent or 3.5 million were in their home state. For further details about fishing in South Dakota, see Table 3.
Anglers in South Dakota
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Anglers. .
Residents. .
Nonresidents. .
.
Days of fishing. .
Residents. .
Nonresidents. .
Source: Table 3.
In State/Out of State
(State residents 16 years old and older)
South Dakota anglers. .
In South Dakota. .
In other states. .
.
Days of fishing. .
In South Dakota. .
In other states. .
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Source: Table 3.
268 thousand
156 thousand
112 thousand
4.1 million
3.5 million
544 thousand
164 thousand
156 thousand
...
3.6 million
3.5 million
...8 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Fishing Expenditures in South Dakota
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total. .
Trip-related. .
Equipment. .
Fishing. .
Auxiliary and special. .
Other. .
Source: Table 19.
Fishing Expenditures in South Dakota
All fishing-related expenditures in South Dakota totaled $203 million in 2011. Trip-related expenditures, including food and lodging, transporta­tion, and other expenses totaled $133 million—66 percent of all fishing expenditures. Expenditures for food and lodging were $44 million and transportation expenditures were $65 million. Other trip expenses, such as equipment rental, bait, and cooking fuel, totaled $24 million. Each angler spent an average of $497 on trip-related costs during 2011.
Anglers spent $65 million on equip­ment in South Dakota in 2011, 32 percent of all fishing expenditures. Fishing equipment (rods, reels, lines, etc.) spending totaled $46 million—70 percent of the equipment total. Auxiliary equipment expenditures (tents, special fishing clothing, etc.) and special equipment expenditures (boats, vans, etc.) amounted to $19 million—30 percent of the equipment total. Expenditures classified as special and auxiliary equipment are on items that were purchased for fishing but could be used in activities other than fishing.
The purchase of other items, such as magazines, membership dues, licenses, permits, stamps, and land leasing and ownership, amounted to $5 million—2 percent of all fishing expenditures. For more details about fishing expenditures in South Dakota, see Tables 19 and 21 through 23.
Fishing Expenditures in South Dakota(Total: $203 million)Equipment 32%Trip-related66%Other2%
$203 million
$133 million
$65 million
$46 million
$19 million
$5 million
Percent of Anglers by Residence(Total: 268 thousand participants)NonresidentsResidents58%42%U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 9
Hunters
Participants and Days of Hunting
In 2011, there were 270 thousand residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older who hunted in South Dakota. Resident hunters numbered 127 thousand, accounting for 47 percent of the hunters in South Dakota. There were 144 thousand nonresidents who hunted in South Dakota—53 percent of the State’s hunters. Residents and nonresidents hunted 3.7 million days in 2011, an average of 14 days per hunter. Residents hunted 2.8 million days in South Dakota or 75 percent of all hunting days, while nonresidents spent 930 thousand days in South Dakota or 25 percent of all hunting days.
There were 133 thousand South Dakota residents 16 years old and older who hunted in the United States in 2011 for a total of 2.9 million days. An esti­mated 96 percent of all South Dakota residents who hunted did so in their home state. Of all hunting days by South Dakota residents, 98 percent or 2.8 million were spent pursuing game in their home state. For further infor­mation on hunting activities by South Dakota residents, see Table 3.
Hunters in South Dakota
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Hunters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residents. .
Nonresidents. .
.
Days of hunting. .
Residents. .
Nonresidents. .
Source: Table 3.
270 thousand
127 thousand
144 thousand
3.7 million
2.8 million
930 thousand
In State/Out of State
(State residents 16 years old and older)
South Dakota hunters. .
In South Dakota. .
In other states. .
.
Days of hunting. .
In South Dakota. .
In other states. .
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Source: Table 3.
133 thousand
127 thousand
...
2.9 million
2.8 million
...10 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Hunting Expenditures in South Dakota
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total. .
Trip-related. .
Equipment. .
Hunting. .
Auxiliary and special. .
Other. .
Source: Table 20.
Hunting Expenditures in South Dakota
All hunting-related expenditures in South Dakota totaled $597 million in 2011. Trip-related expenses, such as food and lodging, transportation, and other trip expenses, totaled $338 million—57 percent of total expen­ditures. Expenditures for food and lodging were $155 million and trans­portation expenditures were $139 million. Other trip expenses, such as equipment rental, totaled $44 million for the year. The average trip-related expenditure per hunter was $1,251.
Hunters spent $115 million on equip­ment—19 percent of all hunting expen­ditures. Hunting equipment (guns, ammunition, etc.) totaled $66 million and made up 57 percent of all equip­ment costs. Hunters spent $50 million on auxiliary equipment (tents, special hunting clothes, etc.) and special equip­ment (boats, vans, etc.), accounting for 43 percent of total equipment expendi­tures for hunting. Expenditures classi­fied as special and auxiliary equipment are on items that were purchased for hunting but could be used in activities other than hunting.
The purchase of other items, such as magazines, membership dues, licenses, permits, and land leasing, and owner­ship, cost hunters $143 million—24 percent of all hunting expenditures. For more details on hunting expenditures in South Dakota, see Tables 20 through 23.
Hunting Expenditures in South Dakota(Total: $597 million)Equipment 19%Trip-related57%Other24%Comparative Hunting Expenditures by Type of Hunting All huntingBig game Small gameMigratory birdsOther animals$1,251$755$837$614...$90$94$107$104Trip expenditures per hunter:... Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.Trip expenditures per day:...
$597 million
$338 million
$115 million
$66 million
$50 million
$143 million
Percent of Hunters by Residence(Total: 270 thousand participants)NonresidentsResidents47%53%U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 11
Participants and Days of Activity
In 2011, 384 thousand U.S. residents 16 years old and older fed, observed, or photographed wildlife in South Dakota. Most of them, 70 percent (267 thousand), enjoyed their activities close to home and are called “around-the-home” participants. Those persons who enjoyed wildlife at least one mile from home are called “away-from-home” participants. People partici­pating in away-from-home activities in South Dakota in 2011 numbered 221 thousand—58 percent of all wildlife watchers in South Dakota. Of the 221 thousand, 104 thousand were state resi­dents and 117 thousand were nonresi­dents.
South Dakotans 16 years old and older who enjoyed away-from-home wildlife watching within their state totaled 104 thousand. South Dakotans spent 1.1 million days engaged in away-from-home wildlife-watching activities in their state. For further details about away-from-home activities, see Table 25.
South Dakota residents also took an active interest in wildlife around their homes. In 2011, 267 thousand state residents enjoyed observing, feeding, and photographing wildlife within one mile of their homes. Among this around-the-home group, 192 thousand fed, 148 thousand observed, and 34 thousand photographed wildlife around their homes. Summing the number of participants in these activities results in an estimate that exceeds the total number of around-the-home partici­pants because many people participated in more than one type of around-the-home activity. In addition, 40 percent of South Dakotan around-the-home wildlife watchers also enjoyed wildlife away from home. For further details about South Dakota residents partici­pating in around-the-home wildlife-watching activities, see Table 27.
.
Away-From-Home Wildlife-Watching Participation in South Dakota
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Participants, total. .
Observe wildlife. .
Photograph wildlife. .
Feed wildlife. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Days, total. .
Observe wildlife. .
Photograph wildlife. .
Feed wildlife. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 25.
221 thousand
214 thousand
101 thousand
...
1.6 million
1.5 million
511 thousand
...
Wildlife Watchers
Wildlife-Watching Participants in South Dakota
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total. .
Around the home. .
Away from home. .
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 24.
Around-The-Home Wildlife-Watching Participation in South Dakota
(State residents 16 years old and older)
Total. .
Feed wildlife. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Observe wildlife. .
Photograph wildlife. .
Maintain natural areas. .
Maintain plantings. .
Visit parks and natural areas. .
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 27.
384 thousand
267 thousand
221 thousand
267 thousand
192 thousand
148 thousand
34 thousand
...
...
...12 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Wild Bird Observers in South Dakota
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Participants, total. .
Around the home. .
Away from home. .
.
Days, total. .
Around the home. .
Away from home. .
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 29.
Wild Bird Observers
Bird watching attracted many wildlife enthusiasts in South Dakota. In 2011, 235 thousand people observed birds around the home and on trips in the state. Just over half, 51 percent (120 thousand), observed wild birds around the home while 67 percent (158 thou­sand) took trips away from home to watch birds.
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures in South Dakota
Wildlife watchers spent $167 million on wildlife-watching activities in South Dakota in 2011. Trip-related expendi­tures, including food and lodging ($70 million), transportation ($54 million), and other trip expenses ($10 million), such as equipment rental, amounted to $134 million. This summation comprised 80 percent of all wildlife-watching expenditures by participants. The average of the trip-related expendi­tures for away-from-home participants was $606 per person in 2011.
Wildlife-watching participants spent nearly $30 million on equipment—18 percent of all their expenditures. Specifically, wildlife-watching equip­ment (binoculars, special clothing, etc.) expenditures totaled $23 million, 75 percent of the equipment total. Auxiliary equipment expenditures (tents, backpacking equipment, etc.) and special equipment expenditures (campers, trucks, etc.) amounted to $8 million—25 percent of all equip­ment costs. Expenditures classified as special and auxiliary equipment are on items that were purchased for wildlife-watching recreation but could be used in activities other than wildlife watching.
Other items purchased by wildlife-watching participants, such as maga­zines, membership dues and contribu­tions, land leasing and ownership, and plantings, totaled $2 million—1 percent of all wildlife-watching expen­ditures. For more details about wild­life-watching expenditures in South Dakota, see Table 31.
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures in South Dakota(Total: $167 million)Equipment 18%Trip-related80%Other1%Away-From-Home Activity by Around-The-Home Participants(Total: 267 thousand participants)Both aroundthe homeand awayfrom homeAround thehome only60%40%
235 thousand
120 thousand
158 thousand
15.7 million
14.9 million
793 thousand
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures in South Dakota
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total. .
Trip-related. .
Equipment. .
Wildlife watching. .
Auxiliary and special. .
Other. .
Source: Table 31.
$167 million
$134 million
$30 million
$23 million
$8 million
$2 millionU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 13
Comparing the estimates from the 2001, 2006, and 2011 Surveys gives a perspective on the state of wildlife-related recreation in the early twenty-first century in South Dakota. Only the most general recreation comparisons are presented here.
The best way to compare estimates from surveys is not to compare the estimates themselves but to compare the confidence intervals around the esti­mates. A 90-percent confidence interval around the estimate gives the range of estimates that 90 percent of all possible representative samples would supply. If the 90-percent confidence intervals of the two surveys’ estimates overlap, it is not possible to say the two estimates are statistically different.
The state resident estimates cover the participation and expenditure activity of South Dakota residents anywhere in the United States. The in-state esti­mates cover the participation, day, and expenditure activity if U.S. residents in South Dakota.
The expenditure estimates were made comparable by adjusting the estimates for inflation—all estimates are in 2011 dollars.
2001–2011 Comparison
South Dakota 2001 and 2011 Comparison
(Numbers in thousands. Expenditures in 2011 dollars)
2001 2011 Percent change
.
Fishing.
Anglers in state. .
Days in state. .
In-state expenditures by U.S. anglers. .
State resident anglers. .
Total expenditures by state residents. .
Hunting
Hunters in state. .
Days in state. .
In-state expenditures by U.S. hunters. .
State resident hunters. .
Total expenditures by state residents. .
Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching
Participants in state. . .. .
Days in state. .
State resident participants. .
Around-The-Home Wildlife Watching
Total participants. .
Observers. .
Feeders. .
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures
In-state expenditures by U.S. wildlife watchers. .
Total expenditures by state residents. .
NS Not different from zero at the 10 percent level of significance
214
268
NS25
2,984
4,069
NS36
$231,772
$202,797
NS–13
146
164
NS12
$129,417
$185,669
NS43
209
270
NS29
2,425
3,742
NS54
$283,485
$596,824
NS111
90
133
NS48
$142,823
$245,326
NS72
181
221
NS22
1,923
1,559
NS–19
77
108
NS40
241
267
NS11
176
148
NS–16
191
192
NS1
$116,798
$166,995
NS43
$63,797
$61,790
NS–314 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Number of People Who Hunted and Fished in South Dakota: 2001–2011(In thousands)214135209171268270Number of People Who Wildlife Watched in South Dakota: 2001–2011(In thousands)Around the homeAway from home201120062001201120062001241181257270267221Total Expenditures by Participants in South Dakota (In millions of 2011 dollars)AnglersHuntersWildlife Watchers201120062001232283117146207205203597167AnglersHunters
South Dakota 2006 and 2011 Comparison
(Numbers in thousands. Expenditures in 2011 dollars)
Fishing
Anglers in state. .
Days in state. .
In-state expenditures by U.S. anglers. .
State resident anglers. .
Total expenditures by state residents. .
Hunting
Hunters in state. .
Days in state. .
In-state expenditures by U.S. hunters. .
State resident hunters. .
Total expenditures by state residents. .
Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching
Participants in state. . .. .
Days in state. .
State resident participants. .
Around-The-Home Wildlife Watching
Total participants. .
Observers. .
Feeders. .
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures
In-state expenditures by U.S. wildlife watchers. .
Total expenditures by state residents. .
NS Not different from zero at the 10 percent level of significance
135
268
99
1,697
4,069
NS140
$146,265
$202,797
NS39
95
164
73
$153,038
$185,669
NS21
171
270
NS58
1,719
3,742
NS118
$206,705
$596,824
NS189
90
133
NS48
$97,206
$245,326
NS152
270
221
NS–18
1,382
1,559
NS13
116
108
NS–7
257
267
NS4
174
148
NS–15
208
192
NS–8
$204,525
$166,995
NS–18
$109,595
$61,790
NS– 44Tables
16 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Guide to Statistical Tables
Purpose and Coverage of Tables
The statistical tables of this report were designed to meet a wide range of needs for those interested in wildlife-related recreation. Special terms used in these tables are defined in Appendix A.
The tables are based on responses to the 2011 Survey, which was designed to collect data about participation in wi­ldlife-related recreation. To have taken part in the Survey, a respondent must have been a U.S. resident (a resident of one of the 50 states or the District of Columbia). No one residing outside the United States (including U.S. citizens) was eligible for inter­viewing. Therefore, reported state and national totals do not include partici­pation by those who were not U.S. residents or who were U.S. citizens residing outside the United States.
Comparability With Previous Surveys
The numbers reported can be compared with those in the 1991, 1996, 2001, and 2006 Survey Reports. The methodology used in 2011 was similar to that used in those Surveys. These results should not be directly compared to results from Surveys earlier than 1991 since there were major changes in methodology. These changes were made to improve accuracy in the information provided.
Coverage of an Individual Table
Since the Survey covers many activi­ties in various places by participants of different ages, all table titles, headnotes, stubs, and footnotes are designed to identify and articulate each item being reported in the table. For example, the title of Table 2 shows that data about anglers and hunters, their days of participation, and their number of trips are reported by type of activity. By contrast, the title of Table 7 indi­cates that it contains data on freshwater anglers and the days they fished for different species.
Percentages Reported in the Tables
Percentages are reported in the tables for the convenience of the user. When exclusive groups are being reported, the base of a percentage is apparent from its context because the percents add to 100 percent (plus or minus a rounding error). For example, Table 2 reports the number of trips taken by big game hunters, those taken by small game hunters, those taken by migratory bird hunters, and those taken by hunters pursuing other animals. These comprise 100 percent because they are exclusive categories.
Percents should not add to 100 when nonexclusive groups are being reported. Using Table 2 as an example again, note that adding the percentages associated with the total number of big game hunters, total small game hunters, total migratory bird hunters, and total hunters of other animals will not yield total hunters because respondents could hunt for more than one type of game.
When the base of the percentage is not apparent in context, it is identified in a footnote. For example, Table 15 reports two percentages with different bases: one base being the number of total participants at the head of the column and the other base being the total popu­lation who are described by the row category. Footnotes are used to clarify the bases of the reported percentages.
Footnotes to the Tables
Footnotes are used to clarify the infor­mation or items that are being reported in a table. Symbols in the body of a table indicate important footnotes. The following symbols are used in the tables to refer to the same footnote each time they appear:
* Estimate based on a sample size
of 10–29.
... Sample size too small to report
data reliably.
Z Less than 0.5 percent.
X Not applicable.
NA Not available.
Estimates based upon fewer than ten responses are regarded as being based on a sample size that is too small for reliable reporting. An estimate based upon at least 10 but fewer than 30 responses is treated as an estimate based on a small sample size. Other footnotes appear, as necessary, to qualify or clarify the estimates reported in the tables. In addition, these two important footnotes appear frequently:
• Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
• Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and no­nresponse.
“Multiple responses” is a term used to reflect the fact that individuals or their characteristics fall into more than one category. Using Table 5 as an example, those who fished in saltwater and fresh­water appear in both of these totals. Yet each angler is represented only once in the “Total, all fishing” row. Simi­larly, in Table 12, those who hunt for big game and small game are counted only once as a hunter in the “Total, all hunting” row. Therefore, totals will be smaller than the sum of subcategories when multiple responses exist.
“Nonresponse” exists because the Survey questions were answered volun­tarily, and some respondents did not or could not answer all the questions. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 17
Table 1. Fishing and Hunting in South Dakota by Resident and Nonresident Sportspersons: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Sportspersons
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent of sportspersons
Number
Percent of
resident
sportspersons
Number
Percent of
nonresident sportspersons
Total sportspersons (fished or hunted). .
430
100
182
100
249
100
Total anglers. .
268
62
156
86
*112
*45
Fished only. .
160
37
*55
*30
*105
*42
Fished and hunted. . .
108
25
101
56
...
...
Total hunters. .
270
63
127
70
144
58
Hunted only. .
162
38
*25
*14
137
55
Hunted and fished. . .
108
25
101
56
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 2. Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in South Dakota by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Type of fishing and hunting
Participants
Days of participation
Trips
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
FISHING
Total, all fishing. .
268
100
4,069
100
2,907
100
Total, all freshwater. .
268
100
4,069
100
2,907
100
Freshwater
, except Great Lakes. .
268
100
4,069
100
2,907
100
Great Lakes. .
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
Saltwater. .
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
HUNTING
Total, all hunting. .
270
100
3,742
100
3,000
100
Big game. .
122
45
982
26
778
26
Small game. .
212
78
1,660
44
749
25
Migratory birds. .
*58
*21
*342
*9
*427
*14
Other animals. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.18 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 3. Anglers and Hunters, Trips, and Days of Participation: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers and hunters, trips and
days of participation
Activity in South Dakota
Activity by South Dakota residents in United States
Total, state residents and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Total, in state of residence and in other states
In state of
residence
In other states
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
FISHING
Total anglers. .
268
100
156
58
*112
*42
164
100
156
96
...
...
Total trips. .
2,907
100
2,696
93
*211
*7
2,800
100
2,696
96
...
...
Total days of fishing. .
4,069
100
3,525
87
*544
*13
3,649
100
3,525
97
...
...
Average days of fishing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
(X)
23
(X)
*5
(X)
22
(X)
23
(X)
...
(X)
HUNTING
Total hunters. .
270
100
127
47
144
53
133
100
127
96
...
...
Total trips. .
3,000
100
2,485
83
515
17
2,540
100
2,485
98
...
...
Total days of hunting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3,742
100
2,811
75
930
25
2,880
100
2,811
98
...
...
Average days of hunting. .
14
(X)
22
(X)
6
(X)
22
(X)
22
(X)
...
(X)
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 4. South Dakota Resident Anglers and Hunters by Place Fished or Hunted: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Place fished or hunted
Anglers
Hunters
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total, all places. .
164
100
133
100
In-state only. .
141
86
123
93
In-state and other states. .
...
...
...
...
In other states only. .
...
...
...
...
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
Table 5. South Dakota Resident Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in the United States by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Type of fishing and hunting
Participants
Days of participation
Trips
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
FISHING
Total, all fishing. .
164
100
3,649
100
2,800
100
Total, all freshwater. .
162
99
3,635
100
2,798
100
Freshwater
, except Great Lakes. .
162
99
3,635
100
2,798
100
Great Lakes. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Saltwater. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
HUNTING
Total, all hunting. .
133
100
2,880
100
2,540
100
Big game. .
105
80
898
31
736
29
Small game. .
89
67
971
34
417
16
Migratory birds. .
*47
*35
*278
*10
*364
*14
Other animals. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 19
Table 6. Freshwater Anglers, Trips, Days of Fishing, and Type of Water Fished: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers, trips, and days of fishing
Activity in South Dakota
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total anglers. .
268
100
156
58
*112
*42
Total trips. .
2,907
100
2,696
93
*211
*7
Total days of fishing. .
4,069
100
3,525
87
*544
*13
Average days of fishing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
(X)
23
(X)
*5
(X)
ANGLERS
Total, all types of water. .
268
100
156
58
*112
*42
Ponds, lakes, or reservoirs. .
223
100
141
63
*82
*37
Rivers or streams. .
.. 149
100
*113
*76
...
...
DAYS
Total, all types of water. .
4,069
100
3,525
87
*544
*13
Ponds, lakes, or reservoirs. .
3,017
100
2,629
87
*388
*13
Rivers or streams. .
.. 1,225
100
*1,117
*91
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 7. Freshwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in South Dakota by Type of Fish: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers and days of fishing
Activity in South Dakota
Total, state residents and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent of total types
Percent of anglers/days
Number
Percent of anglers/days
Number
Percent of anglers/days
ANGLERS
Total, all types of fish. .
268
100
100
156
58
*112
*42
Crappie. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Panfish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*47
*18
*100
*36
*76
...
...
White bass, striped bass, striped bass hybrids. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Black bass. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Catfish, bullheads. .
*51
*19
*100
*50
*98
...
...
Walleye, sauger. .
208
78
100
126
60
*82
*40
Northern pike, pickerel, muskie, muskie hybrids. .
*40
*15
*100
...
...
...
...
Steelhead. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Trout. .
*55
*21
*100
*47
*85
...
...
Salmon. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Anything1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other freshwater fish. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
DAYS
Total, all types of fish. .
4,069
100
100
3,525
87
*544
*13
Crappie. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Panfish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*546
*13
*100
*522
*96
...
...
White bass, striped bass, striped bass hybrids. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Black bass. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Catfish, bullheads. .
*588
*14
*100
*579
*98
...
...
Walleye, sauger. .
1,925
47
100
1,516
79
*409
*21
Northern pike, pickerel, muskie, muskie hybrids. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Steelhead. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Trout. .
*297
*7
*100
*267
*90
...
...
Salmon. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Anything1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other freshwater fish. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Respondent fished for no specific species and identified “Anything” from a list of categories of fish.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.20 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 8. Great Lakes Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in South Dakota: 2011
This table does not apply to this state.
Table 9. Great Lakes Anglers and Days of Fishing in South Dakota by Type of Fish: 2011
This table does not apply to this state.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 21
Table 10. Saltwater Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in South Dakota: 2011
This table does not apply to this state.
Table 11. Saltwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in South Dakota by Type of Fish: 2011
This table does not apply to this state.22 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 12. Hunters, Trips, and Days of Hunting in South Dakota by Type of Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Hunters, trips, and days of hunting
Activity in South Dakota
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
HUNTERS
Total, all hunting. .
270
100
127
47
144
53
Big game. .
122
100
100
82
...
...
Small game. .
212
100
87
41
*125
*59
Migratory birds. .
*58
*100
*47
*81
...
...
Other animals. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
TRIPS
Total, all hunting. .
3,000
100
2,485
83
515
17
Big game. .
778
100
688
88
...
...
Small game. .
749
100
411
55
*338
*45
Migratory birds. .
*427
*100
*364
*85
...
...
Other animals. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
DAYS
Total, all hunting. .
3,742
100
2,811
75
930
25
Big game. .
982
100
840
86
...
...
Small game. .
1,660
100
954
57
*706
*43
Migratory birds. .
*342
*100
*272
*80
...
...
Other animals. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 13. Hunters and Days of Hunting in South Dakota by Type of Game: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Type of game
Hunters, state residents and nonresidents
Days of hunting
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total, all types of game. .
270
100
3,742
100
Big game, total. .
122
45
982
26
Deer. .
115
43
910
24
Elk. .
...
...
...
...
Bear. .
...
...
...
...
W
ild turkey. .
...
...
...
...
Other big game. .
...
...
...
...
Small game, total. .
212
78
1,660
44
Rabbit, hare. .
...
...
...
...
Quail. .
...
...
...
...
Grouse/prairie chicken. .
...
...
...
...
Squirrel. .
...
...
...
...
Pheasant. .
208
77
1,393
37
Other small game. .
...
...
...
...
Migratory birds, total. .
*58
*21
*342
*9
W
aterfowl. .
*52
*19
*318
*9
Geese. .
*51
*19
*301
*8
Ducks. .
*40
*15
*251
*7
Doves. .
...
...
...
...
Other migratory birds. .
...
...
...
...
Other animals, total1. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Includes groundhog, raccoon, fox, coyote, crow, prairie dog, etc.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 23
Table 14. Hunters and Days of Hunting in South Dakota by Type of Land: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Hunters and days of hunting
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
HUNTERS
Total, all types of land. .
270
100
127
100
144
100
Public land, total. .
116
43
*82
*64
...
...
Public land only. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Public and private land. .
*100
*37
*81
*64
...
...
Private land, total. .
252
93
126
99
127
88
Private land only. .
152
56
*45
*36
*107
*75
Private and public land. .
*100
*37
*81
*64
...
...
DAYS
Total, all types of land. .
3,742
100
2,811
100
930
100
Public land1. .
1,678
45
*1,538
*55
...
...
Private land2. .
2,413
64
1,543
55
869
93
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Days of hunting on public land includes both days spent solely on public land and those spent on public and private land.
2 Days of hunting on private land includes both days spent solely on private land and those spent on private and public land.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.24 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 15. Selected Characteristics of South Dakota Resident Anglers and Hunters: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Characteristic
Population
Sportspersons
(fished or hunted)
Anglers
Hunters
Number
Percent
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent
of
sports-
persons
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent of anglers
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent of
hunters
Total persons. .
631
100
190
30
100
164
26
100
133
21
100
Population Density of Residence
Urban. .
274
43
*77
*28
*40
*75
*27
*46
*55
*20
*42
Rural. .
357
57
114
32
60
89
25
54
78
22
58
Population Size of Residence
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). .
459
73
129
28
68
114
25
70
*84
*18
*63
1,000,000 or more. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
250,000 to 999,999. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
50,000 to 249,999. .
459
73
129
28
68
114
25
70
*84
*18
*63
Outside MSA. .
172
27
61
36
32
*49
*29
*30
*49
*28
*37
Sex
Male. .
319
50
150
47
79
125
39
77
124
39
94
Female. .
313
50
*40
*13
*21
*38
*12
*23
...
...
...
Age
16 to 17 years. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
18 to 24 years. .
91
14
*35
*38
*18
*34
*38
*21
...
...
...
25 to 34 years. .
105
17
*59
*56
*31
*52
*49
*32
*45
*43
*34
35 to 44 years. .
139
22
*39
*28
*21
...
...
...
...
...
...
45 to 54 years. .
97
15
*35
*36
*18
*24
*24
*14
*25
*26
*19
55 to 64 years. .
62
10
*13
*21
*7
...
...
...
...
...
...
65 years and older. .
110
17
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
65 to 74 years. .
67
11
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
75 and older. .
43
7
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Ethnicity
Hispanic. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Non-Hispanic. .
623
99
190
31
100
164
26
100
133
21
100
Race
White. .
588
93
188
32
99
161
27
98
130
22
98
African American. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
All others. .
*40
*6
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Annual Household Income
Less than $20,000. .
66
10
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$20,000 to $29,999. .
72
11
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$30,000 to $39,999. .
*27
*4
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$40,000 to $49,999. .
64
10
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$50,000 to $74,999. .
135
21
*49
*36
*26
...
...
...
...
...
...
$75,000 to $99,999. .
87
14
*37
*43
*19
*37
*43
*23
...
...
...
$100,000 to $149,999. .
65
10
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$150,000 or more. .
*25
*4
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Not reported. .
90
14
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Education
11 years or less. .
82
13
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
12 years. .
243
38
*91
*38
*48
*88
*36
*54
*69
*28
*52
1 to 3 years of college. .
180
29
*53
*29
*28
*49
*27
*30
*30
*17
*23
4 years or more of college. .
127
20
*37
*29
*20
*24
*19
*15
*24
*19
*18
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses. Percent who participated columns show the percent of each row’s population who participated in the activity named by the column (the percent of those living in urban areas who fished, etc.). Remaining percent columns show the percent of each column’s participants who are described by the row heading (the percent of anglers who lived in urban areas, etc.).U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 25
Table 16. Summary of Expenditures in South Dakota by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for
Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average
per sportsperson
(dollars)1
FISHING AND HUNTING
Total. .
1,063,546
459
2,319
2,397
Food and lodging. .
198,970
380
524
462
Transportation. .
204,004
346
590
474
Other trip costs2. .
68,333
303
226
159
Equipment (fishing, hunting). .
115,131
235
490
232
Auxiliary equipment3. .
68,480
121
564
155
Special equipment4. .
*258,287
*61
*4,242
*566
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
Other5. .
144,677
331
438
336
FISHING
Total. .
202,797
276
735
751
Food and lodging. .
44,159
233
189
165
Transportation. .
64,968
203
320
243
Other trip costs2. .
23,951
232
103
89
Fishing equipment. .
45,547
171
266
164
Auxiliary equipment3. .
*8,359
*48
*173
*31
Special equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
Other5. .
4,885
130
38
18
HUNTING
Total. .
596,824
302
1,977
2,094
Food and lodging. .
154,811
239
647
573
Transportation. .
139,036
237
588
514
Other trip costs2. .
*44,382
*100
*443
*164
Hunting equipment. .
65,594
155
423
190
Auxiliary equipment3. .
*24,101
*62
*389
*84
Special equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
Other5. .
139,792
233
599
517
UNSPECIFIED6
Total. .
*259,392
*44
*5,833
*602
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes boating costs, equipment rental, guide fees, access fees, heating and cooking fuel, and ice and bait (for fishing only).
3 Includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing and hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and repair
of equipment, processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
4 Includes big-ticket items bought primarily for hunting and fishing including boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles,
pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
5 Includes land leasing and ownership, licenses, stamps, tags, permits, and plantings (for hunting only).
6 Respondent could not specify whether expenditure was primarily for either fishing or hunting.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.26 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 17. Summary of Fishing Trip and Equipment Expenditures in South Dakota by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined by Type of Fishing: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average per
spender (dollars)1
Average per
angler (dollars)1
ALL FISHING
Total. .
197,912
266
744
733
Food and lodging. .
44,159
233
189
165
Transportation. .
64,968
203
320
243
Other trip costs. .
23,951
232
103
89
Equipment. .
64,834
172
377
236
ALL FRESHWATER
Total. .
197,485
266
742
731
Food and lodging. .
44,159
233
189
165
Transportation. .
64,544
203
318
241
Other trip costs. .
23,951
232
103
89
Equipment. .
64,832
172
377
236
FRESHWATER, EXCEPT GREAT LAKES
Total. .
197,485
266
742
731
Food and lodging. .
44,159
233
189
165
Transportation. .
64,544
203
318
241
Other trip costs. .
23,951
232
103
89
Equipment. .
64,832
172
377
236
GREAT LAKES
Total. .
...
...
...
...
Food and lodging. .
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
...
...
...
...
SALTWATER
Total. .
...
...
...
...
Food and lodging. .
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
...
...
...
...
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Table 19 for detailed listing of expenditure items.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 27
Table 18. Summary of Hunting Trip and Equipment Expenditures in South Dakota by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined by Type of Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average per
type of hunter
(dollars)1
ALL HUNTING
Total. .
453,726
299
1,516
1,565
Food and lodging. .
154,811
239
647
573
Transportation. .
139,036
237
588
514
Other trip costs. .
*44,382
*100
*443
*164
Equipment. .
115,496
161
717
314
BIG GAME
Total. .
140,764
140
1,009
464
Food and lodging. .
46,999
115
408
174
Transportation. .
29,665
115
259
110
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
*48,653
*109
*448
*123
SMALL GAME
Total. .
188,358
218
863
748
Food and lodging. .
87,135
164
531
350
Transportation. .
62,679
186
337
252
Other trip costs. .
*27,620
*55
*502
*111
Equipment. .
*10,924
*46
*238
*35
MIGRATORY BIRDS
Total. .
*45,639
*56
*813
*469
Food and lodging. .
*9,353
*53
*177
*96
Transportation. .
*24,959
*51
*487
*256
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
*10,032
*40
*251
*103
OTHER ANIMALS
Total. .
...
...
...
...
Food and lodging. .
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Table 20 for detailed listing of expenditure items.28 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 19. Expenditures in South Dakota by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Fishing: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Expenditures
Spenders
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Average
per angler
(dollars)1
Number
(thousands)
Percent of anglers
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Total, all items. . .. .
202,797
751
276
103
735
TRIP-RELATED EXPENDITURES
Total trip-related. .
133,078
497
243
91
547
Food and lodging, total. .
44,159
165
233
87
189
Food. .
34,915
130
233
87
150
Lodging. .
*9,244
*35
*61
*23
*152
Transportation. .
64,968
243
203
76
320
Other trip costs, total. .
23,951
89
232
87
103
Privilege and other fees2. .
*4,390
*16
*63
*24
*69
Boating costs3. .
7,736
29
67
25
115
Bait. .
7,724
29
196
73
39
Ice. .
2,810
10
119
44
24
Heating and cooking fuel. .
*1,291
*5
*32
*12
*41
EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES
PRIMARILY FOR FISHING
Fishing equipment, total. .
45,547
164
171
64
266
Reels, rods, and rod-making components. .
*9,633
*32
*73
*27
*131
Lines, hooks, sinkers, etc.. .
9,472
34
149
56
63
Artificial lures and flies. .
16,231
60
105
39
154
Creels, stringers, fish bags, landing nets, and gaff hooks. .
...
...
...
...
...
Minnow seines, traps, and bait containers. .
*667
*2
*47
*17
*14
Other fishing equipment4. .
*9,265
*34
*66
*24
*141
Auxiliary equipment5. .
*8,359
*31
*48
*18
*173
Special equipment6. .
...
...
...
...
...
Other fishing costs7. .
4,885
18
130
49
38
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes boat or equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trip (party and charter boats, etc.), public land use, and private land use.
3 Includes boat launching, mooring, storage, maintenance, insurance, pumpout fees, and fuel.
4 Includes electronic fishing devices (depth finders, fish finders, etc.), tackle boxes, ice fishing equipment, and other fishing equipment.
5 Includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and repair of equipment,
processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
6 Includes big-ticket items bought primarily for fishing including boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans,
travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
7 Includes magazines, books, and DVDs, membership dues and contributions, land leasing and ownership, and licenses, stamps, tags, and permits.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. Percent of anglers may be greater than 100 because spenders who did not fish in this state are included.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 29
Table 20. Expenditures in South Dakota by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Expenditures
Spenders
Amount (thousands
of dollars)
Average
per hunter
(dollars)1
Number
(thousands)
Percent of hunters
Average per spender
(dollars)1
Total, all items. . .. .
596,824
2,094
302
112
1,977
TRIP-RELATED EXPENDITURES
Total trip-related. .
338,230
1,251
258
96
1,309
Food and lodging, total. .
154,811
573
239
89
647
Food. .
75,254
278
239
89
314
Lodging. .
*79,557
*294
*88
*32
*906
Transportation. .
139,036
514
237
88
588
Other trip costs, total. .
*44,382
*164
*100
*37
*443
Privilege and other fees2. .
*42,804
*158
*75
*28
*571
Boating costs3. .
...
...
...
...
...
Heating and cooking fuel. .
...
...
...
...
...
EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES
PRIMARILY FOR HUNTING
Hunting equipment, total. .
65,594
190
155
57
423
Firearms. .
*22,329
*61
*33
*12
*673
Ammunition. .
14,462
51
125
46
116
Other hunting equipment4. .
*28,803
*78
*116
*43
*248
Auxiliary equipment5. .
*24,101
*84
*62
*23
*389
Special equipment6. .
...
...
...
...
...
Other hunting costs7. .
143,098
528
236
87
607
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes guide fees, pack trip and package fees, public and private land use access fees, and rental of equipment such as boats and hunting or camping equipment.
3 Boating costs include launching, mooring, storage, maintenance, insurance, pumpout fees, and fuel.
4 Includes telescopic sights, decoys and game calls, handloading equipment and components, hunting dogs and associated costs, hunting knives, bows, arrows, archery
equipment, and other hunting equipment.
5 Includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and repair of
equipment, processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
6 Includes big-ticket items bought primarily for hunting including boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans,
travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
7 Includes magazines, books, and DVDs, membership dues and contributions, land leasing and ownership, and licenses, stamps, tags, and permits.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. Percent of hunters may be greater than 100 because spenders who did not hunt in this state are included.30 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 21. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in South Dakota for Fishing and Hunting by South Dakota Residents and Nonresidents: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average per sportsperson
(dollars)1
STATE RESIDENTS AND NONRESIDENTS
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. . .. .
913,205
457
1,999
3,379
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing, total. .
197,912
269
736
733
Food and lodging. .
44,159
233
189
165
Transportation. .
64,968
203
320
243
Boating costs2. .
7,736
67
115
29
Other trip costs3. .
16,215
230
70
61
Equipment. .
64,834
175
371
236
Trip and equipment expenditures for hunting, total. .
458,258
302
1,519
1,565
Food and lodging. .
154,811
239
647
573
Transportation. .
139,036
237
588
514
Boating costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs3. .
*44,114
*93
*473
*163
Equipment. .
120,028
164
734
314
Unspecified equipment4. .
*257,035
*31
*8,189
*951
STATE RESIDENTS
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. . .. .
553,973
184
3,009
4,370
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing, total. .
163,641
157
1,041
1,047
Food and lodging. .
25,964
148
176
166
Transportation. .
57,746
152
380
370
Boating costs2. .
*5,932
*44
*135
*38
Other trip costs3. .
11,008
144
76
70
Equipment. .
62,991
141
445
403
Trip and equipment expenditures for hunting, total. .
181,822
132
1,379
1,260
Food and lodging. .
19,016
112
170
150
Transportation. .
57,047
111
512
450
Boating costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs3. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
101,816
116
877
629
Unspecified equipment4. .
*208,510
*25
*8,244
*1,645
NONRESIDENTS
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. . .. .
359,232
273
1,318
2,503
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing, total. .
*34,271
*112
*307
*293
Food and lodging. .
*18,195
*85
*213
*163
Transportation. .
*7,222
*51
*141
*65
Boating costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs3. .
*5,207
*86
*61
*47
Equipment. .
*1,843
*33
*55
...
Trip and equipment expenditures for hunting, total. .
276,436
170
1,627
1,835
Food and lodging. .
135,795
128
1,063
946
Transportation. .
81,990
125
655
571
Boating costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs3. .
*40,336
*67
*602
*281
Equipment. .
*18,212
*48
*383
...
Unspecified equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes boat launching, mooring, storage, maintenance, insurance, pumpout fees, and fuel.
3 Includes equipment rental, guide and access fees, ice and bait for fishing, and heating and cooking oil.
4 Respondent could not specify whether item was for hunting or fishing.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 31
Table 22. Summary of South Dakota Residents’ Fishing and Hunting Expenditures Both Inside and Outside South Dakota: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average
per sportsperson
(dollars)1
FISHING AND HUNTING
Total. .
648,808
190
3,407
3,407
Food and lodging. .
50,188
177
284
264
Transportation. .
115,330
185
623
606
Other trip costs2. .
24,041
151
159
126
Equipment (fishing, hunting). .
120,420
164
736
632
Auxiliary equipment3. .
*49,939
*96
*522
*262
Special equipment4. .
*243,570
*57
*4,255
*1,279
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
Other5. .
38,878
169
230
204
FISHING
Total. .
185,669
164
1,135
1,135
Food and lodging. .
30,610
150
203
187
Transportation. .
59,510
157
378
364
Other trip costs2. .
16,717
148
113
102
Fishing equipment. .
53,549
143
374
327
Auxiliary equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
Other5. .
2,129
64
33
13
HUNTING
Total. .
245,326
133
1,851
1,851
Food and lodging. .
19,578
116
168
148
Transportation. .
55,821
117
476
421
Other trip costs2. .
*7,324
*35
*211
*55
Hunting equipment. .
62,881
113
555
474
Auxiliary equipment3. .
*25,781
*46
*562
*195
Special equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
Other5. .
36,749
132
279
277
UNSPECIFIED6
Total. .
*213,281
*39
*5,414
*1,120
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes boating costs, equipment rental, guide fees, access fees, heating and cooking fuel, and ice and bait (for fishing only).
3 Includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing and hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and
repair of equipment, processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
4 Includes big-ticket items bought primarily for hunting and fishing including boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles,
pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
5 Includes land leasing and ownership, licenses, stamps, tags, and permits, and plantings (for hunting only).
6 Respondent could not specify whether expenditure was primarily for fishing or hunting.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Tables 19–20 for a detailed listing of expenditure items.32 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 23. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by South Dakota Residents for Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average per
spender (dollars)1
Average per
sportsperson
(dollars)1
IN SOUTH DAKOTA
Expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. .
595,883
184
3,237
1,385
Trip-related expenditures. .
180,656
178
1,015
420
Equipment (fishing and hunting). .
99,740
162
615
232
Auxiliary equipment2. .
*42,009
*95
*442
*98
Special equipment3. .
*231,568
*56
*4,169
*538
Other4. .
41,910
163
257
97
Expenditures for fishing, total. .
165,313
157
1,052
617
Trip-related expenditures. .
100,650
156
644
376
Fishing equipment. .
43,770
141
309
163
Auxiliary equipment2. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
*1,673
*57
*29
*6
Expenditures for hunting, total. .
215,174
132
1,631
796
Trip-related expenditures. .
80,006
115
697
296
Hunting equipment. .
51,980
113
461
192
Auxiliary equipment2. .
*19,502
*44
*441
*72
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
37,884
131
289
140
Unspecified expenditures for fishing and hunting, total5. .
*210,863
*38
*5,554
*490
OUT OF STATE
Expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. .
*64,853
*171
*380
*151
Trip-related expenditures. .
*20,831
*28
*735
*48
Equipment (fishing and hunting). .
...
...
...
...
Auxiliary equipment2. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
*3,411
*41
*83
*8
Expenditures for fishing, total. .
*22,576
*148
*153
*84
Trip-related expenditures. .
...
...
...
...
Fishing equipment. .
...
...
...
...
Auxiliary equipment2. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
...
...
...
...
Expenditures for hunting, total. .
*44,056
*119
*370
*163
Trip-related expenditures. .
...
...
...
...
Hunting equipment. .
...
...
...
...
Auxiliary equipment2. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
...
...
...
...
Unspecified expenditures for fishing and hunting, total5. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Auxiliary equipment includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing and hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders,
maintenance and repair of equipment, processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
3 Special equipment includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes,
house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
4 Other equipment includes expenditures for magazines, books, DVDs, membership dues and contributions, land leasing and ownership, licenses, stamps, tags, and permits, and
plantings.
5 Respondent could not specify whether expenditure was primarily for either fishing or hunting.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 33
Table 24. Wildlife Watching in South Dakota by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Participants
Number
Percent
Total participants. .
384
100
Away from home. .
221
58
Observe wildlife. .
214
56
Photograph wildlife. .
*101
*26
Feed wildlife. .
...
...
Around the home. .
267
70
Observe wildlife. .
*148
*39
Photograph wildlife. .
*34
*9
Feed wildlife. .
192
50
V
isit parks or natural areas1. .
...
...
Maintain plantings or natural areas. .
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Includes visits only to parks or natural areas within one mile of home.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 25. Participants, Trips, and Days of Participation in Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching in
South Dakota: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Participants, trips, and days of participation
Activity in South Dakota
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
PARTICIPANTS
Total participants. .
221
100
*104
*100
117
100
Observe wildlife. .
214
97
*104
*100
*110
*94
Photograph wildlife. .
*101
*45
...
...
*76
*65
Feed wildlife. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
TRIPS
Total Trips. .
1,143
100
*968
*100
175
100
Average days per trip. .
1
(X)
*1
(X)
*3
(X)
DAYS
Total days. .
1,559
100
*1,090
*100
*469
*100
Observing wildlife. .
1,491
96
*1,065
*98
*426
*91
Photographing wildlife. .
*511
*33
...
...
*299
*64
Feeding wildlife. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Average days per participant. .
7
(X)
*10
(X)
*4
(X)
Observing wildlife. .
7
(X)
*10
(X)
*4
(X)
Photographing wildlife. .
*5
(X)
...
(X)
*4
(X)
Feeding wildlife. .
...
(X)
...
(X)
...
(X)
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.34 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 26. Away-From-Home Wildlife-Watching Participants by Wildlife Observed, Photographed, or Fed in South Dakota: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Wildlife observed, photographed, or fed
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total all wildlife. .
221
100
*104
*47
117
53
Total birds. .
159
100
*73
*46
*86
*54
Songbirds (cardinals, robins, warblers, etc.). .
*106
*100
...
...
*62
*58
Birds of prey (hawks, owls, eagles, etc.). .
*70
*100
...
...
*41
*58
Waterfowl (ducks, geese, swans, etc.). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*126
*100
*68
*54
*58
*46
Other water birds (shorebirds, herons, cranes, etc.). .
*73
*100
...
...
*32
*44
Other birds (pheasants, turkeys, road runners, etc.). .
*72
*100
*34
*48
*37
*52
Total land mammals. .
152
100
*69
*45
*83
*55
Large land mammals (bears, bison, elk, etc.). .
151
100
*69
*46
*82
*54
Small land mammals (prairie dogs, squirrels, etc.). .
*97
*100
...
...
*66
*68
Fish (salmon, sharks, etc.). .
.. ...
...
...
...
...
...
Marine mammals (whales, dolphins, etc.). .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other wildlife (butterflies, turtles, etc.). .
*58
*100
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 27. Participation in Wildlife-Watching Activities Around the Home in South Dakota: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Around the home
Participants
Number
Percent
Total around-the-home participants. .
267
100
Observe wildlife. .
*148
*56
Visit parks and natural areas1. .
...
...
Photograph wildlife. .
*34
*13
Feed wildlife. .
192
72
Maintain natural areas. .
...
...
Maintain plantings. .
...
...
Participants Observing Wildlife
Total, all wildlife. .
*148
*100
Birds. .
*120
*81
Land mammals. .
*134
*90
Large mammals. .
*97
*65
Small mammals. .
*122
*82
Amphibians or reptiles. .
...
...
Insects or spiders. .
...
...
Fish and other wildlife. .
...
...
Total, 1 day or more. .
*148
*100
1 to 10 days. .
...
...
1
1 to 50 days. .
...
...
51 to 200 days. .
...
...
201 days or more. .
...
...
Participants Visiting Parks or Natural Areas1
Total, 1 day or more. .
...
...
1 to 5 days. .
...
...
6 to 10 days. .
...
...
1
1 days or more. .
...
...
Participants Photographing Wildlife
Total, 1 day or more. .
*34
*100
1 to 3 days. .
...
...
4 to 10 days. .
...
...
1
1 or more days. .
...
...
Participants Feeding Wildlife
Total, all wildlife. .
192
100
W
ild birds. .
186
97
Other wildlife. .
*47
*25
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Includes visits only to parks or natural areas within one mile of home.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 35
Table 28. South Dakota Residents Participating in Wildlife Watching in the United States: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Participants
Number
Percent of participants
Percent of population
Total participants. .
267
100
42
Away from home. .
*108
*40
*17
Around the home. .
267
100
42
Observe wildlife. .
*148
*56
*24
Photograph wildlife. .
*34
*13
*5
Feed wild birds or other wildlife. .
192
72
30
Maintain plantings or natural areas. .
...
...
...
V
isit parks or natural areas1. .
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Includes visits only to parks or natural areas within one mile of home.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses. The column showing percent of participants is based on total participants. The column
showing percent of population is based on the state population 16 years old and older, including those who did not participate in wildlife watching.
Table 29. Wild Bird Observers and Days of Observation in South Dakota by State Residents and Nonresidents: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Observers and days of observation
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
OBSERVERS
Total bird observers. .
235
100
150
100
*85
*100
Around-the-home observers. .
*120
*51
*120
*80
(X)
(X)
Away-from-home observers. .
158
67
*73
*49
*85
*100
DAYS
Total days observing birds. . .. .
15,687
100
15,295
100
*391
*100
Around the home. .
*14,894
*95
*14,894
*97
(X)
(X)
Away from home. .
793
5
*401
*3
*391
*100
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.36 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 30. Selected Characteristics of South Dakota Residents Participating in Wildlife Watching: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Characteristic
Population
Participants
Total
Away from home
Around the home
Number
Percent
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent
Total persons. .
631
100
267
42
100
*108
*17
*100
267
42
100
Population Density of Residence
Urban. .
274
43
*135
*49
*51
*76
*28
*71
*135
*49
*51
Rural. .
357
57
*132
*37
*49
...
...
...
*132
*37
*49
Population Size of Residence
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). .
459
73
196
43
73
*72
*16
*67
196
43
73
1,000,000 or more. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
250,000 to 999,999. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
50,000 to 249,999. .
459
73
196
43
73
*72
*16
*67
196
43
73
Outside MSA. .
172
27
*71
*41
*27
...
...
...
*71
*41
*27
Sex
Male. .
319
50
*153
*48
*57
...
...
...
*153
*48
*57
Female. .
313
50
*113
*36
*43
*43
*14
*40
*113
*36
*43
Age
16 to 17 years. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
18 to 24 years. .
91
14
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
25 to 34 years. .
105
17
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
35 to 44 years. .
139
22
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
45 to 54 years. .
97
15
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
55 to 64 years. .
62
10
*34
*55
*13
...
...
...
*34
*55
*13
65 years and older. .
110
17
*94
*86
*35
...
...
...
*94
*86
*35
65 to 74 years. .
67
11
*63
*94
*23
...
...
...
*63
*94
*23
75 and older. .
43
7
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Ethnicity
Hispanic. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Non-Hispanic. .
623
99
267
43
100
*108
*17
*100
267
43
100
Race
White. .
588
93
267
45
100
*108
*18
*100
267
45
100
African American. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
All others. .
*40
*6
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Annual Household Income
Less than $20,000. .
66
10
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$20,000 to $29,999. .
72
11
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$30,000 to $39,999. .
*27
*4
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$40,000 to $49,999. .
64
10
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$50,000 to $74,999. .
135
21
*77
*57
*29
...
...
...
*77
*57
*29
$75,000 to $99,999. .
87
14
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$100,000 to $149,999. .
65
10
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$150,000 or more. .
*25
*4
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Not reported. .
90
14
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Education
11 years or less. .
82
13
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
12 years. .
243
38
*121
*50
*45
...
...
...
*121
*50
*45
1 to 3 years of college. .
180
29
*67
*37
*25
...
...
...
*67
*37
*25
4 years or more of college .
127
20
*46
*37
*17
...
...
...
*46
*37
*17
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. Percent who participated columns show the percent of each row’s population who participated in the activity named by the column (the percent of those living in urban areas who participated, etc.). Percent columns show the percent of each column’s participants who are described by the row heading (the percent of those who participated who live in urban areas, etc.).U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 37
Table 31. Expenditures in South Dakota by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Wildlife Watching: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Expenditures (thousands
of dollars)
Average per participant
(dollars)1
Spenders
Number
(thousands)
Percent of wildlife-watching participants2
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Total, all items. . .
166,995
412
339
88
493
TRIP EXPENDITURES
Total, trip-related. .
134,082
606
197
89
680
Food and lodging. .
70,135
317
153
69
457
Food. .
30,909
140
152
69
204
Lodging. .
*39,226
*177
*74
*34
*528
Transportation. .
54,421
246
180
81
303
Other trip costs3. .
*9,526
*43
*109
*49
*87
EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES
Total. .
32,913
62
224
58
147
Wildlife-watching equipment, total. .
22,878
53
221
57
104
Binoculars, spotting scopes. .
...
...
...
...
...
Film and photo processing. .
...
...
...
...
...
Cameras, special lenses, video cameras, and other photographic
equipment, including memory cards. .
...
...
...
...
...
Day packs, carrying cases, and special clothing. .
...
...
...
...
...
Bird food. .
14,734
*32
143
37
103
Food for other wildlife. .
...
...
...
...
...
Nest boxes, bird houses, bird feeders, and bird baths. .
*970
*2
*48
*13
*20
Other equipment (including field guides). .
...
...
...
...
...
Auxiliary equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
...
Special equipment5. .
...
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
...
Land leasing and ownership. .
...
...
...
...
...
Plantings. .
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Percent of wildlife-watching participants column for trip-related expenditures is based on away-from-home participation. For equipment and other expenditures, the percent of
wildlife-watching participants column is based on total wildlife-watching participants.
3 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use and private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.
4 Includes tents, tarps, frame packs and other backpacking equipment, other camping equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.
5 Includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers,
recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.38 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 32. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in South Dakota for Wildlife Watching by South Dakota Residents and Nonresidents: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average
per participant
(dollars)1
STATE RESIDENTS AND NONRESIDENTS
Total. .
164,535
337
488
405
Food and lodging. .
70,135
153
457
317
Transportation. .
54,421
180
303
246
Other trip costs2. .
*9,526
*109
*87
*43
Equipment3. .
30,452
222
137
56
STATE RESIDENTS
Total. .
53,370
194
275
200
Food and lodging. .
*13,513
*62
*219
*130
Transportation. .
*17,183
*87
*197
*165
Other trip costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment3. .
21,409
185
116
80
NONRESIDENTS
Total. .
111,165
143
778
*873
Food and lodging. .
*56,623
*92
*617
*484
Transportation. .
*37,238
*93
*402
*318
Other trip costs2. .
*8,261
*58
*143
*71
Equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use, private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.
3 Includes wildlife-watching auxiliary and special equipment.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Table 33 for detailed listed of expenditure items.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 39
Table 33. Wildlife-Watching Expenditures Both Inside and Outside South Dakota by South Dakota Residents: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Expenditures (thousands
of dollars)
Average per
participant
(dollars)1
Spenders
Number
(thousands)
Percent of
wildlife-watching participants2
Average per spender (dollars)1
Total, all items. . .
61,790
232
196
74
315
TRIP EXPENDITURES
Total, trip-related. .
*35,834
*333
*92
*86
*388
Food and lodging. .
*15,647
*146
*63
*59
*248
Food. .
*9,063
*84
*61
*57
*148
Lodging. .
...
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
*18,922
*176
*89
*82
*214
Other trip costs3. .
...
...
...
...
...
EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES
Total. .
25,956
97
186
70
140
Wildlife-watching equipment, total. .
21,678
81
185
69
117
Binoculars, spotting scopes. .
...
...
...
...
...
Film and photo processing. .
...
...
...
...
...
Cameras, special lenses, video cameras, and other
photographic equipment, including memory cards. .
...
...
...
...
...
Day packs, carrying cases, and special clothing. .
...
...
...
...
...
Bird food. .
*12,443
*47
*124
*47
*100
Food for other wildlife. .
...
...
...
...
...
Nest boxes, bird houses, bird feeders, and bird baths. .
*864
*3
*44
*17
*20
Other equipment. .
...
...
...
...
...
Auxiliary equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
...
Special equipment5. .
...
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
...
Land leasing and ownership. .
...
...
...
...
...
Plantings. .
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Percent of wildlife-watching participants column for trip-related expenditures is based on away-from-home participation. For equipment and other expenditures, the percent of
wildlife-watching participants column is based on total wildlife-watching participants.
3 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use and private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.
4 Includes tents, tarps, frame packs and other backpacking equipment, other camping equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.
5 Includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers,
recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.40 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 34. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by South Dakota Residents for Wildlife Watching: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure Item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average
per participant
(dollars)1
IN SOUTH DAKOTA
Expenditures for wildlife watching, total2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55,766
195
286
209
Trip-related expenditures3. .
.. *31,960
*91
*352
*307
Wildlife-watching equipment4. .
20,359
185
110
76
Auxiliary equipment5. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment6. .
...
...
...
...
Other7. .
*2,396
*36
*67
*9
OUT OF STATE
Expenditures for wildlife watching, total2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
...
...
...
Trip-related expenditures3. .
.. ...
...
...
...
Wildlife-watching equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
Auxiliary equipment5. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment6. .
...
...
...
...
Other7. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Information on trip-related expenditures was collected for away-from-home participants only. Equipment and other expenditures are based on information collected from both
away-from-home and around-the-home participants.
3 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use and private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.
4 Includes binoculars, spotting scopes, cameras, special lenses, videocameras, other photography equipment, memory cards, film and photo processing, commercially prepared and
packaged wild bird food, other bulk food used to feed wild birds, food used to feed other wildlife, nest boxes, bird houses, feeders, baths, and other wildife-watching equipment.
5 Includes tents, tarps, frame packs and other backpacking equipment, other camping equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.
6 Includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers,
recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
7 Includes magazines, books, DVDs, membership dues and contributions, and land leasing and ownership.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
Table 35. Participation of South Dakota Resident Wildlife-Watching Participants in Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Participants
Total wildlife watchers
Wildife-watching activity
Away from home
Around the home
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total participants. .
267
100
*108
*100
267
100
Wildlife-watching participants who:
Did not fish or hunt. .
*181
*68
*66
*62
*185
*69
Fished or hunted. .
*86
*32
*41
*38
*82
*31
Fished. .
*72
*27
*37
*35
*69
*26
Hunted. .
*80
*30
*39
*36
*78
*29
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 41
Table 36. Participation of South Dakota Resident Sportspersons in Wildlife-Watching Activities: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Sportspersons
Sportspersons
Anglers
Hunters
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total sportspersons. .
190
100
164
100
133
100
Sportspersons who:
Did not engage in wildlife-watching activities. .
104
55
91
56
*53
*40
Engaged in wildlife-watching activities. .
*86
*45
*72
*44
*80
*60
A
way from home. .
*41
*22
*37
*23
*39
*29
Around the home. .
*82
*43
*69
*42
*78
*59
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
State reports for previous Surveys included tables that had estimates for all fifty states. In order to expedite release of the 2011 South Dakota State report, state estimates have been deleted. To find state estimates other than South Dakota, go to http://wsfrprograms.fws.gov/Subpages/NationalSurvey/reports2011
.html. State reports are being released alphabetically, beginning in early 2013.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 43
Appendix A
44 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Annual household income—Total 2011 income of household members before taxes and other deductions.
Around-the-home wildlife watching—Activity within 1 mile of home with one of six primary purposes: (1) taking special interest in or trying to identify birds or other wildlife; (2) photographing wildlife; (3) feeding birds or other wildlife; (4) maintaining natural areas of at least one-quarter acre for the benefit of wildlife; (5) maintaining plantings (such as shrubs and agricultural crops) for the benefit of wildlife; and (6) visiting parks and natural areas to observe, photograph, or feed wildlife.
Auxiliary equipment—Equipment owned primarily for wildlife-associated recreation. For the sportspersons section, these include sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing and hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and repair of equipment, and processing and taxidermy costs. For the wildlife-watching section, these include tents, tarps, frame packs, backpacking and other camping equipment, and blinds. For both sportspersons and wildlife watchers, it also includes electronic auxiliary equipment such as Global Positioning Systems.
Away-from-home wildlife watching—Trips or outings at least 1 mile from home for the primary purpose of observing, photographing, or feeding wildlife. Trips to zoos, circuses, aquar­iums, and museums are not included.
Big game—Bear, deer, elk, moose, wild turkey, and similar large animals that are hunted.
Census Divisions
East North Central
Illinois
Indiana
Michigan
Ohio
Wisconsin
East South Central
Alabama
Kentucky
Mississippi
Tennessee
Middle Atlantic
New Jersey
New York
Pennsylvania
Mountain
Arizona
Colorado
Idaho
Montana
Nevada
New Mexico
Utah
Wyoming
New England
Connecticut
Maine
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Vermont
Pacific
Alaska
California
Hawaii
Oregon
Washington
South Atlantic
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Maryland
North Carolina
South Carolina
Virginia
West Virginia
West North Central
Kansas
Iowa
Minnesota
Missouri
Nebraska
North Dakota
South Dakota
West South Central
Arkansas
Louisiana
Oklahoma
Texas
Day—Any part of a day spent partici­pating in a given activity. For example, if someone hunted two hours one day and three hours another day, it would be reported as two days of hunting. If someone hunted two hours in the morning and three hours in the after­noon of the same day, it would be considered one day of hunting.
Education—The highest completed grade of school or year of college.
Expenditures—Money spent in 2011 for wildlife-related recreation trips in the United States, wildlife-related recreational equipment purchased in the United States, and other items. The “other items” were books, magazines, and DVDs; membership dues and contributions, land leasing or owning; hunting and fishing licenses; and plant­ings, all for the purpose of wildlife-related recreation. Expenditures included both money spent by partici­pants for themselves and the value of gifts they received.
Appendix A.
DefinitionsU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota 45
Fishing—The sport of catching or attempting to catch fish with a hook and line, bow and arrow, or spear; it also includes catching or gathering shellfish (clams, crabs, etc.); and the noncommercial seining or netting of fish, unless the fish are for use as bait. For example, seining for smelt is fishing, but seining for bait minnows is not included as fishing.
Fishing equipment—Items owned primarily for fishing:
Rods, reels, poles, and rodmaking components
Lines and leaders
Artificial lures, flies, baits, and dressing for flies or lines
Hooks, sinkers, swivels, and other items attached to a line, except lures and baits
Tackle boxes
Creels, stringers, fish bags, landing nets, and gaff hooks
Minnow traps, seines, and bait containers
Depth finders, fish finders, and other electronic fishing devices
Ice fishing equipment
Other fishing equipment
Freshwater—Reservoirs, lakes, ponds, and the nontidal portions of rivers and streams.
Great Lakes fishing—Fishing in Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron, St. Clair, Erie, and Ontario, their connecting waters such as the St. Mary’s River system, Detroit River, St. Clair River, and the Niagara River, and the St. Lawrence River south of the bridge at Cornwall, New York. Great Lakes fishing includes fishing in tributaries of the Great Lakes for smelt, steelhead, and salmon.
Home—The starting point of a wild­life-related recreational trip. It may be a permanent residence or a temporary or seasonal residence such as a cabin.
Hunting—The sport of shooting or attempting to shoot wildlife with fire­arms or archery equipment.
Hunting equipment—Items owned primarily for hunting:
Rifles, shotguns, muzzleloaders, and handguns
Archery equipment
Telescopic sights
Decoys and game calls
Ammunition
Hand loading equipment
Hunting dogs and associated costs
Other hunting equipment
Land leasing and owning—Leasing or owning land either singly or in cooperation with others for the primary purpose of fishing, hunting, or wildlife watching on it.
Maintain natural areas—To set aside 1/4 acre or more of natural environ­ment, such as wood lots or open fields, for the primary purpose of benefiting wildlife.
Maintain plantings—To introduce or encourage the growth of food and cover plants for the primary purpose of benefiting wildlife.
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)—A Metropolitan Statis­tical Area is a grouping of one or more counties or equivalent entities that contain at least one urbanized area of 50,000 or more inhabitants. The “Outside MSA” classification include census-defined Micropolitan Statistical Areas (or Micro areas). A Micro area is defined as a grouping of one or more counties or equivalent entities that contain at least one urban cluster of at least 10,000 but less than 50,000 inhab­itants. Refer to <www.census.gov
/population/metro/about/>, for a more detailed definition of the Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Migratory birds—Birds that regularly migrate from one region or climate to another such as ducks, geese, and doves and other birds that may be hunted.
Multiple responses—The term used to reflect the fact that individuals or their characteristics fall into more than one reporting category. An example of a big game hunter who hunted for deer and elk demonstrates the effect of multiple responses. In this case, adding the number of deer hunters (one) and elk hunters (one) would overstate the number of big game hunters (one) because deer and elk hunters are not mutually exclusive categories. In contrast, for example, total participants is the sum of male and female partici­pants, because “male” and “female” are mutually exclusive categories.
Nonresidents—Individuals who do not live in the State being reported. For example, a person living in Texas who watches whales in California is a nonresidential wildlife-watcher in California.
Nonresponse—A term used to reflect the fact that some Survey respondents provide incomplete sets of informa­tion. For example, a Survey respondent may have been unable to identify the primary type of hunting for which a gun was bought. Total hunting expen­diture estimates will include the gun purchase, but it will not appear as spending for big game or any other type of hunting. Nonresponses result in reported totals that are greater than the sum of their parts.
Observe—To take special interest in or try to identify birds, fish or other wildlife.
Other animals—Coyotes, crows, foxes, groundhogs, prairie dogs, raccoons, alligators, and similar animals that can be legally hunted and are not classified as big game, small game, or migratory birds. They may be classified as unprotected or preda­tory animals by the State in which they are hunted. Feral pigs are classified as “other animals” in all States except Hawaii, where they are considered big game.
Participants—Individuals who engage in fishing, hunting, or a wildlife-watching activity. Unless otherwise stated, a person has to have hunted, fished, or wildlife watched in 2011 to be considered a participant.
Plantings—See “Maintain plantings.”
Primary purpose—The principal motivation for an activity, trip, or expenditure.
Private land—Land owned by a busi­ness, nongovernmental organization, private individual, or a group of indi­viduals such as an association or club.
Public land—Land that is owned by local governments (such as county parks and municipal watersheds),
46 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—South Dakota U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
State governments (such as State parks and wildlife management areas), or the federal government (such as National Forests, Recreational Areas, and Wild­life Refuges).
Residents—Individuals who lived in the State being reported. For example, a person who lives in California and watches whales in California is a resi­dential wildlife watcher in California.
Rural—All territory, population, and housing units located outside of urban­ized areas and urban clusters, as deter­mined by the U.S. Census Bureau.
Saltwater—Oceans, tidal bays and sounds, and the tidal portions of rivers and streams.
Screening interviews—The first Survey contact with a sample house­hold. Screening interviews are conducted with a household repre­sentative to identify respondents who are eligible for in-depth interviews. Screening interviews gather data such as age and sex about individuals in the households. Further information on screening interviews is available on page vii in the “Survey Background and Method” section of this report.
Small game—Grouse, pheasants, quail, rabbits, squirrels, and similar small animals for which States have small game seasons and bag limits.
Special equipment—Big-ticket equip­ment items that are owned primarily for wildlife-related recreation:
Bass boats
Other types of motor boats
Canoes and other types of nonmotor boats
Boat motors, boat trailer/hitches, and other boat accessories
Pickups, campers, vans, travel or tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs)
Cabins
Off-the-road vehicles such as trail bikes, all terrain vehicles (ATVs), dune buggies, four-wheelers, 4x4 vehicles, and snowmobiles
Other special equipment
Spenders—Individuals who spent money on fishing, hunting, or wildlife-watching activities or equipment and also participated in those activities.
Sportspersons—Individuals who engaged in fishing, hunting, or both.
Trip—An outing involving fishing, hunting, or wildlife watching. A trip may begin from an individual’s prin­cipal residence or from another place, such as a vacation home or the home of a relative. A trip may last an hour, a day, or many days.
Type of fishing—There are three types of fishing: (1) freshwater except Great Lakes, (2) Great Lakes, and (3) saltwater.
Type of hunting—There are four types of hunting: (1) big game, (2) small game, (3) migratory bird, and (4) other animal.
Unspecified expenditure—An item that was purchased for use in both fishing and hunting, rather than primarily one or the other. Auxiliary equipment, special equipment, maga­zines and books, and membership dues and contributions are the items for which a purchase could be categorized as “unspecified.”
Urban—All territory, population, and housing units located within boundaries that encompass densely settled territory, consisting of core census block groups or blocks that have a population density of at least 1,000 people per square mile and surrounding census blocks that have an overall density of at least 500 people per square mile. Under certain conditions, less densely settled territory may be included, as determined by the Census Bureau.
Visit parks or natural areas—A visit to places accessible to the public and that are owned or leased by a govern­mental entity, nongovernmental organi­zation, business, or a private individual or group such as an association or club.
Wildlife—Animals such as birds, fish, insects, mammals, amphibians, and reptiles that are living in na