2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation Alaska

              U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated RecreationAlaskaBaitU.S. Department of the Interior
Ken Salazar,
Secretary
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Dan Ashe,
Director
U.S. Department of Commerce
Rebecca M. Blank,
Acting Secretary
Economics and Statistics Administration
Vacant,
Under Secretary for Economic Affairs
U.S. CENSUS BUREAU
Thomas L. Mesenbourg,
Acting Director
FHW/11-AK
Issued January 2013
2011 National Survey of
Fishing, Hunting, and
Wildlife-Associated Recreation
Bait
Alaska
The U.S. Department of the Interior protects and manages the Nation’s natural resources and cultural heritage; provides scientific and other information about those resources; and honors its trust responsi­bilities or special commitments to American Indians, Alaska Natives, and affiliated Island Communities.
The mission of the Department’s U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is working with others to conserve, protect, and enhance fish, wildlife, and their habitats for the continuing benefit of the American people. The Service is responsible for national programs of vital importance to our natural resources, including administration of the Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration Programs. These two programs provide finan­cial assistance to the States for projects to enhance and protect fish and wildlife resources and to assure their availability to the public for recreational purposes. Multistate grants from these programs fund the National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation.
Suggested Citation
U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau. 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Dan Ashe,
Director
U.S. CENSUS BUREAU
Thomas L. Mesenbourg,
Acting Director
Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration
Hannibal Bolton,
Assistant Director
U.S. Department of the Interior
Ken Salazar,
Secretary
Economics and Statistics
Administration
Vacant,
Under Secretary for
Economic AffairsU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska iii
Contents
List of Tables. . iv
Foreword. . vi
Survey Background and Method. . vii
Highlights
Introduction. . 2
Summary. . 4
Wildlife-Related Recreation. . 5
Sportspersons. . 6
Anglers. . 7
Hunters. . 9
Wildlife Watchers. . 11
2001–2011 Comparison. . 13
Tables
Guide to Statistical Tables. . 16
Fishing and Hunting Tables. . 17
Wildlife-Watching Tables. . 33
Appendixes
A. Definitions. . 44
B. 2010 Participation of 6- to 15-Year-Olds: Data From Screening Interviews. . 48
C. Significant Methodological Changes From Previous Surveys and Regional Trends. . 54
D. Sample Design and Statistical Accuracy. . 64iv 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
List of Tables
Fishing and Hunting
1. Fishing and Hunting in Alaska by Resident and Nonresident Sportspersons: 2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2. Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in Alaska by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 17
3. Anglers and Hunters, Trips, and Days of Participation: 2011. . 18
4. Alaska Resident Anglers and Hunters by Place Fished or Hunted: 2011. . 18
5. Alaska Resident Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in the United States
by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 18
6. Freshwater Anglers, Trips, Days of Fishing, and Type of Water Fished: 2011. . 19
7. Freshwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in Alaska by Type of Fish: 2011. . 19
8. Great Lakes Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in Alaska: 2011. . 20
9. Great Lakes Anglers and Days of Fishing in Alaska by Type of Fish: 2011. . 20
10. Saltwater Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in Alaska: 2011. . 21
11. Saltwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in Alaska by Type of Fish: 2011. . 21
12. Hunters, Trips, and Days of Hunting in Alaska by Type of Hunting: 2011. . 22
13. Hunters and Days of Hunting in Alaska by Type of Game: 2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
14. Hunters and Days of Hunting in Alaska by Type of Land: 2011. . 23
15. Selected Characteristics of Alaska Resident Anglers and Hunters: 2011. . 24
16. Summary of Expenditures in Alaska by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined
for Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 25
17. Summary of Fishing Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Alaska by State Residents and
Nonresidents Combined by Type of Fishing: 2011. . 26
18. Summary of Hunting Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Alaska by State Residents and
Nonresidents Combined by Type of Hunting: 2011. . 27
19. Expenditures in Alaska by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Fishing: 2011. . 28
20. Expenditures in Alaska by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Hunting: 2011. . 29
21. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Alaska for Fishing and Hunting by Alaska Residents
and Nonresidents: 2011. . 30
22. Summary of Alaska Residents’ Fishing and Hunting Expenditures Both Inside and
Outside Alaska: 2011. . 31
23. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by Alaska Residents for Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 32
Wildlife Watching
24. Wildlife Watching in Alaska by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined: 2011. . 33
25. Participants, Trips, and Days of Participation in Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching in Alaska: 2011. . 33
26. Away-From-Home Wildlife-Watching Participants by Wildlife Observed, Photographed,
or Fed in Alaska: 2011. . 34
27. Participation in Wildlife-Watching Activities Around the Home in Alaska: 2011. . .. 34
28. Alaska Residents Participating in Wildlife Watching in the United States: 2011. . 35
29. Wild Bird Observers and Days of Observation in Alaska by State Residents and Nonresidents: 2011. . 35U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska v
30. Selected Characteristics of Alaska Residents Participating inWildlife Watching: 2011. . 36
31. Expenditures in Alaska by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Wildlife Watching: 2011. . 37
32. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Alaska for Wildlife Watching by Alaska Residents and Nonresidents: 2011. . 38
33. Wildlife-Watching Expenditures Both Inside and Outside Alaska by Alaska Residents: 2011. . 39
34. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by Alaska Residents for Wildlife Watching: 2011. . 40
35. Participation of Alaska Resident Wildlife-Watching Participants in Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 40
36. Participation of Alaska Resident Sportspersons in Wildlife-Watching Activities: 2011. . 41vi 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
When I was growing up, it was taken as a matter of faith that kids belonged outside. I grew up with 4 brothers, and during those long, hot Atlanta summers, it was common for our mom to holler, “You boys get outside, and don’t come back ‘til it’s dark.” It never occurred to me or my brothers to do anything else in our spare time but explore the world around us. The truth is, we had little else to do. But those experiences – waking up on frosty mornings and starting the campfire, scanning trees for a shot at a scampering gray squirrel in the dawn light, scouring creek beds for crawdads and other fishing bait, or simply of the fun we had tramping through the forest – shaped who I am, and drew me to a career in conserva­tion.
That’s why I’m excited by this 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation. This report, the 12th in a series that began in 1955, documents a significant resurgence in the number of people embracing America’s Great Outdoors.
Hunting participation has increased by 9 percent, while angling participation grew by 11 percent. Nearly 38 percent of Americans participated in wildlife-related recreation, an increase of 2.6 million participants from the 2006 Survey.
In addition, wildlife-related recre­ation is a major driver of the nation’s economy. The 2011 Survey estimates that Americans spent $145 billion on related gear, trips, licenses, land acqui­sition or leases, and other purchases, representing about one percent of the nation’s gross domestic product. This spending creates thousands of jobs, supports countless local communities and provides vital funding for conser­vation.
This year marks the 75th anniversary of the Wildlife and Sport Fish Restora­tion Program, a cornerstone of wildlife conservation in the United States. Through excise taxes on firearms, ammunition, archery and angling equipment, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has distributed over $14 billion for State and territorial wildlife conser­vation programs.
This report would not have been possible without the combined efforts of state wildlife agencies – which provided financial support through the Multi-State Conservation Grant Programs – the Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies and a number of major national conservation organiza­tions. We also owe our gratitude to the thousands of survey respondents from households across America. Because
of you, this Survey is the nation’s definitive wildlife-related recreation database and information source concerning participation and purchases associated with hunting, fishing and other forms of wildlife-associated recreation nationwide.
The Fish and Wildlife Service is dedi­cated to connecting people and families with nature. We are proud to celebrate the good news in this report, and we look forward to continuing progress as we work with the States, and all our partners and the public to help keep recreational fishing, hunting, and wildlife watching growing and going strong.
Dan Ashe
Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
ForewordU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska vii
Survey Background and Method
The National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation (Survey) has been conducted since 1955 and is one of the oldest and most comprehensive continuing recreation surveys. The Survey collects information on the number of anglers, hunters, and wild­life watchers, how often they partici­pate, and how much they spend on their activities in the United States.
Preparations for the 2011 Survey began in 2008 when the Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (AFWA) asked the Fish and Wildlife Service to coordinate the twelfth National Survey of wildlife-related recreation. Funding came from the Multistate Conservation Grant Programs, authorized by Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration Acts, as amended.
Four regional technical committees were set up under the auspices of AFWA to ensure that State fish and wildlife agencies had an opportunity to participate in all phases of survey plan­ning and design. The committees were made up of agency representatives.
We consulted with State and Federal agencies and nongovernmental organizations such as the American Sportfishing Association and National Shooting Sports Foundation to deter­mine survey content. Other sportsper­sons’ organizations and conservation groups, industry representatives, and researchers also provided valuable advice.
Data collection for the Survey was carried out in two phases by the U.S. Census Bureau. The first phase was the screen which began in April 2011. During the screening phase, the Census Bureau interviewed a sample of 48,600 households nationwide, to determine who in the household had fished, hunted, or wildlife watched in 2010, and who had engaged or planned to engage in those activities in 2011. In most cases, one adult household member provided information for all members. The screen primarily covered 2010 activities while the next, more in-depth phase covered 2011 activities. For more information on the 2010 data, refer to Appendix B.
The second phase of data collection consisted of three detailed interview waves. The first wave began in April 2011 concurrent with the screen, the second in September 2011, and the last in January 2012. Interviews were conducted with samples of likely anglers, hunters, and wildlife watchers who were identified in the initial screening phase. Interviews were conducted primarily by telephone, with in-person interviews for respondents who could not be reached by phone. Respondents in the second survey phase were limited to those who were at least 16 years old. Each respondent provided information pertaining only to his or her activities and expendi­tures. Sample sizes were designed to provide statistically reliable results at the state level. Altogether, interviews were completed for 11,330 anglers and hunters and 9,329 wildlife watchers. More detailed information on sampling procedures and response rates is found in Appendix D.
Comparability With
Previous Surveys
The 2011 Survey’s questions and methodology were similar to those used in the 2006, 2001, 1996, and 1991 Surveys. Therefore, the estimates are comparable.
The methodology for these Surveys differs significantly from the 1955 to 1985 Surveys, so these estimates are not directly comparable to those of earlier surveys. Changes in meth­odology included reducing the recall period over which respondents had to report their activities and expenditures. Previous Surveys used a 12-month recall period which resulted in greater reporting bias. Research found that the amount of activity and expenditures reported in 12-month recall surveys was overestimated in comparison with that reported using shorter recall periods.Highlights
2 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
The National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation reports results from inter­views with U.S. residents about their fishing, hunting, and wildlife watching. This report focuses on 2011 participa­tion and expenditures of persons 16 years of age and older.
The Survey is a snapshot of one year. The information it collected tells us how many people participated and how much they spent on their activi­ties in the State in 2011. It does not tell us how many anglers, hunters, and wildlife watchers there were because many do not participate every year. For example, based on information collected in the Survey’s household screen phase, we can estimate that about 51 percent more anglers and 44 percent more hunters participated nationally in at least 1 of the 5 years prior to the screen survey year 2010.
In addition to 2011 estimates, we also provide trend information in the High­lights section and Appendix C of the report. The 2011 numbers reported can be compared with those in the 1991, 1996, 2001, and 2006 Survey reports because they used similar methodolo­gies. The 2011 estimates should not be directly compared with results from Surveys conducted prior to 1991 because of changes in methodology to improve accuracy.
The report also provides information on participation in wildlife recreation in 2010, particularly of persons 6 to 15 years of age. The 2010 information is provided in Appendix B. Information about the Survey’s scope and coverage is in Appendix D. The remainder of this section defines important terms used in the Survey.
This report does not provide infor­mation about the State’s wildlife resources. That, and additional infor­mation on wildlife-related recreation, may be obtained from State fish and wildlife agencies. The Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies can provide the addresses and telephone numbers of those agencies. The Association’s website is www.fishwildlife.org.
Additionally, this report does not provide information about the State’s number of licensed anglers and hunters. Historical license data can be found at wsfrprograms.fws.gov.
Wildlife-Related Recreation
Wildlife-related recreation is fishing, hunting, and wildlife-watching activi­ties. These categories are not mutually exclusive because many individuals participated in more than one activity. Wildlife-related recreation is reported in two major categories: (1) fishing and hunting, and (2) wildlife watching, which includes observing, photo­graphing, and feeding fish or wildlife.
Fishing and Hunting
This Survey reports information about residents of the United States who fished or hunted in 2011, regardless of whether they were licensed. The fishing and hunting sections report information for three groups: (1) sportspersons, (2) anglers, and (3) hunters.
Sportspersons
Sportspersons are those who fished or hunted. Individuals who fished or hunted commercially in 2011 are reported as sportspersons only if they also fished or hunted for recreation. The sportspersons group is composed of the three subgroups shown in the diagram below: (1) those that fished and hunted, (2) those that only fished, and (3) those that only hunted.
The total number of sportspersons is equal to the sum of people who only fished, only hunted, and both hunted and fished. It is not the sum of all anglers and all hunters because those people who both fished and hunted are included in both the angler and hunter population and would be incorrectly counted twice.
Anglers
Anglers are sportspersons who only fished plus those who fished and hunted. Anglers include not only licensed hook and line anglers, but also those who have no license and those who use special methods such as fishing with spears. Three types of fishing are reported: (1) freshwater, excluding the Great Lakes, (2) Great Lakes, and (3) saltwater. Since many anglers participated in more than one type of fishing, the total number of anglers is less than the sum of the three types of fishing.
SportspersonsAnglersHuntersFished onlyFishedandhuntedHuntedonly
IntroductionU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 3
Hunters
Hunters are sportspersons who only hunted plus those who hunted and fished. Hunters include not only licensed hunters using rifles and shotguns, but also those who have no license and those who engage in hunting with archery equipment, muzzleloaders, other primitive firearms, or pistols or handguns.
Four types of hunting are reported:
(1) big game, (2) small game,
(3) migratory bird, and (4) other animals. Since many hunters partici­pated in more than one type of hunting, the sum of hunters for big game, small game, migratory bird, and other animals exceeds the total number of hunters.
Wildlife Watchers
Since 1980, the National Survey has included information on wildlife-watching activities in addition to fishing and hunting. However, unlike the 1980 and 1985 Surveys, the National Surveys since 1991 have collected data only for those activities where the primary purpose was wildlife watching (observing, photographing, or feeding wildlife).
The 2011 Survey uses a strict definition of wildlife watching. Participants must either take a “special interest” in wild­life around their homes or take a trip for the “primary purpose” of wildlife watching. Secondary wildlife watching, such as incidentally observing wildlife while pleasure driving, is not included.
Two types of wildlife-watching activity are reported: (1) away-from-home (formerly nonresidential) activities and (2) around-the-home (formerly residen­tial) activities. Because some people participated in more than one type of wildlife watching, the sum of partici­pants in each type will be greater than the total number of wildlife watchers. Only those engaged in activities whose primary purpose was wildlife watching are included in the Survey. The two types of wildlife-watching activity are defined below.
Away-From-Home
This group includes persons who took trips or outings of at least 1 mile from home for the primary purpose of observing, feeding, or photographing fish and wildlife. Trips to fish or hunt or scout and trips to zoos, circuses, aquar­iums, and museums are not considered wildlife-watching activities.
Around-The-Home
This group includes those who participated within 1 mile of home and involves one or more of the following: (1) closely observing or trying to iden­tify birds or other wildlife; (2) photo­graphing wildlife; (3) feeding birds or other wildlife; (4) maintaining natural areas of at least 1/4 acre where benefit to wildlife is the primary concern;
(5) maintaining plantings (shrubs,
agricultural crops, etc.) where benefit
to wildlife is the primary concern; or
(6) visiting parks and natural areas within 1 mile of home for the primary purpose of observing, feeding, or photographing wildlife.4 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Fishing
Anglers. . 538,000
Days of fishing. . 4,360,000
Average days per angler. . 8
Total expenditures. . $639,356,000
Trip-related. . $528,135,000
Equipment and other. . $111,221,000
Average per angler. . $1,184
Average trip expenditure per day. . $121
Hunting
Hunters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,000
Days of hunting. . 1,336,000
Average days per hunter. . 11
Total expenditures. . $424,803,000
Trip-related. . $167,664,000
Equipment and other. . $257,139,000
Average per hunter. . $3,281
Average trip expenditure per day. . $125
Wildlife Watching
Total wildlife-watching participants. . 640,000
Away-from-home participants. . 498,000
Around-the-home participants. . 229,000
Days of participation away from home. . 5,159,000
Average days of participation
away from home. . 10
Total expenditures. . $2,058,355,000
Trip-related. . $1,970,345,000
Equipment and other. . $88,010,000
Average per participant. . $3,206
Average trip expenditure per day. . $382
Activities in Alaska by Residents and Nonresidents
Activities by Alaska Residents Both Inside and Outside Alaska
Fishing
Anglers. . 211,000
Days of fishing. . 3,115,000
Average days per angler. . 15
Total expenditures. . $283,792,000
Trip-related. . $192,882,000
Equipment and other. . $90,910,000
Average per angler. . $1,342
Average trip expenditure per day. . $62
Hunting
Hunters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106,000
Days of hunting. . 1,071,000
Average days per hunter. . 10
Total expenditures. . $365,926,000
Trip-related. . $111,300,000
Equipment and other. . $254,626,000
Average per hunter. . $3,447
Average trip expenditure per day. . $104
Wildlife Watching
Total wildlife-watching participants. . 247,000
Away-from-home participants. . 118,000
Around-the-home participants. . 229,000
Days of participation away from home. . 1,783,000
Average days of participation
away from home. . 15
Total expenditures. . $144,228,000
Trip-related. . $51,579,000
Equipment and other. . $92,649,000
Average per participant. . $585
Average trip expenditure per day. . $29
2011 Alaska SummaryU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 5
Wildlife-Related Recreation
Participation in Alaska
The 2011 Survey found that 1.0 million Alaska residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older fished, hunted, or wildlife watched in Alaska. Of the total number of participants, 538 thousand fished, 125 thousand hunted, and 640 thousand participated in wildlife-watching activities, which includes observing, feeding, and photographing wildlife. The sum of anglers, hunters, and wildlife watchers exceeds the total number of participants in wildlife-related recreation because many of the individ­uals engaged in more than one wildlife-related activity.
Participation by 6- to 15-Year-Old Alaska Residents
The focus of the National Survey is on the activity of participants 16 years old and older. However, the activity of 6- to 15-year-olds can be calculated using the screening data covering the year 2010. It is assumed for estima­tion purposes that the relative activity levels of 6- to 15-year-old participants and participants 16 years old and older remained the same in 2010 and 2011. Based on this assumption, in addition to the 211 thousand resident anglers 16 years old or older in Alaska, there were 44 thousand resident anglers 6 to 15 years old. Also, there were 106 thousand Alaskans 16 years old and older and 5 thousand Alaskans 6 to 15 years old who hunted. Finally, there were 247 thousand Alaskans 16 years old and older and 38 thousand Alaskans 6 to 15 years old who wildlife watched. Further informa­tion on 6- to 15-year-olds is provided in Appendix B.
Expenditures in Alaska
In 2011, state residents and nonresidents spent $3.4 billion on wildlife recreation in Alaska. Of that total, trip-related expenditures were $2.7 billion and equipment expenditures totaled $687 million. The remaining $43 million was spent on licenses, contributions, land ownership and leasing, and other items.
Participants in Wildlife-Related Recreation in Alaska: 2011
(U.S. residents 16 years old and older)
Total. . 1.0 million
.
Sportspersons
Total. . 563 thousand
Anglers. . 538 thousand
Hunters. . 125 thousand
.
Wildlife Watchers
Total. . 640 thousand
Away from home. . 498 thousand
Around the home. . 229 thousand
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Tables 1 and 24.
Percent of Total Participantsby Activity(Total: 1.0 million participants)Wildlife WatchingHuntingFishing 53%12%63%Wildlife-RelatedRecreation Expenditures in Alaska(Total: $3.4 billion)Trip-related 78%Equipment20%Other1%Percent of Total Residential Participants 6 to 15 Years Old by Activity: 2010(Total: 60 thousand participants)Wildlife WatchingHuntingFishing 80%...70%... Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.6 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Sportspersons
In 2011, 563 thousand state resident and nonresident sportspersons 16 years old and older fished or hunted in Alaska. This group was comprised of 538 thou­sand anglers (96 percent of all sportsper­sons) and 125 thousand hunters (22 percent of all sportspersons). Among the 563 thousand sportspersons who fished or hunted in the state, 437 thousand (78 percent) fished but did not hunt in Alaska. Another 25 thousand (4 percent) hunted but did not fish there. The remaining 101 thousand (18 percent) fished and hunted in Alaska in 2011.
Sportspersons’ Participation in Alaska
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Sportspersons (fished or hunted). . 563 thousand
.
Anglers. . 538 thousand
Fished only. . 437 thousand
Fished and hunted. . 101 thousand
.
Hunters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 thousand
Hunted only. . 25 thousand
Hunted and fished. . 101 thousand
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 1.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 7
Anglers
Participants and Days of Fishing
In 2011, 538 thousand state residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older fished in Alaska. Of this total, 211 thousand anglers (39 percent) were state residents and 327 thousand anglers (61 percent) were nonresidents. Anglers fished a total of 4.4 million days in Alaska—an average of 8 days per angler. State residents fished 3.1 million days—70 percent of all fishing days in Alaska. Nonresidents fished 1.3 million days in Alaska—30 percent of all fishing days in the state.
There were 211 thousand Alaska residents 16 years old and older who fished in the United States in 2011 for a total of 3.1 million days. An estimated 100 percent of all Alaska residents who fished did so in their home state. Of all fishing days by Alaska residents, 99 percent or 3.1 million were in their home state.
For further details about fishing in Alaska, see Table 3.
Anglers in Alaska
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Anglers. . 538 thousand
Residents. . 211 thousand
Nonresidents. . 327 thousand
.
Days of fishing. . 4.4 million
Residents. . 3.1 million
Nonresidents. . 1.3 million
Source: Table 3.
In State/Out of State
(State residents 16 years old and older)
Alaska anglers. . 211 thousand
In Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 thousand
In other states. . 15 thousand
.
Days of fishing. . 3.1 million
In Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 million
In other states. . 48 thousand
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 3. 8 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Fishing Expenditures in Alaska
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total. . $639 million
Trip-related. . $528 million
Equipment. . $91 million
Fishing. . $56 million
Auxiliary and special. . $35 million
Other. . $20 million
Source: Table 19.
Fishing Expenditures in Alaska
All fishing-related expenditures in Alaska totaled $639 million in 2011. Trip-related expenditures, including food and lodging, transportation, and other expenses totaled $528 million—83 percent of all fishing expenditures. Expenditures for food and lodging were $228 million and transportation expenditures were $164 million. Other trip expenses, such as equipment rental, bait, and cooking fuel, totaled $136 million. Each angler spent an average of $982 on trip-related costs during 2011.
Anglers spent $91 million on equip­ment in Alaska in 2011, 14 percent of all fishing expenditures. Fishing equip­ment (rods, reels, lines, etc.) spending totaled $56 million—62 percent of the equipment total. Auxiliary equipment expenditures (tents, special fishing clothing, etc.) and special equip­ment expenditures (boats, vans, etc.) amounted to $35 million—38 percent of the equipment total. Expendi­tures classified as special and auxil­iary equipment are items that were purchased for fishing but could be used in activities other than fishing.
The purchase of other items, such as magazines, membership dues, licenses, permits, stamps, and land leasing and ownership, amounted to $20 million—3 percent of all fishing expenditures. For more details about fishing expenditures in Alaska, see Tables 19 and 21
through 23.
Fishing Expenditures in Alaska(Total: $639 million)Equipment 14%Trip-related83%Other3%Percent of Anglers by Residence(Total: 538 thousand participants)NonresidentsResidents39%61%Comparative Fishing Expenditures by Type of Fishing All fishingFreshwater Saltwater$982$959$714$121$97(X)$165Trip expenditures per angler:Trip expenditures per day:U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 9
Hunters
Participants and Days of Hunting
In 2011, there were 125 thousand residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older who hunted in Alaska. Resi­dent hunters numbered 104 thousand, accounting for 83 percent of the hunters in Alaska. Residents and nonresidents hunted 1.3 million days in 2011, an average of 11 days per hunter. Resi­dents hunted 1.0 million days in Alaska or 78 percent of all hunting days.
There were 106 thousand Alaska residents 16 years old and older who hunted in the United States in 2011 for a total of 1.1 million days. An estimated 98 percent of all Alaska residents who hunted did so in their home state. Of all hunting days by Alaska residents, 97 percent or 1.0 million were spent pursuing game in their home state. For more information on hunting activities by Alaska residents, see Table 3.
Hunters in Alaska
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Hunters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 thousand
Residents. . 104 thousand
Nonresidents. . ...
.
Days of hunting. . 1.3 million
Residents. . 1.0 million
Nonresidents. . ...
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Source: Table 3.
In State/Out of State
(State residents 16 years old and older)
Alaska hunters. . 106 thousand
In Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 thousand
In other states. . …
.
Days of hunting. . 1.1 million
In Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 million
In other states. . …
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Source: Table 3. 10 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Hunting Expenditures in Alaska
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total. . $425 million
Trip-related. . $168 million
Equipment. . $244 million
Hunting. . $114 million
Auxiliary and special. . $130 million
Other. . $13 million
Source: Table 20.
Hunting Expenditures in Alaska
All hunting-related expenditures in Alaska totaled $425 million in 2011. Trip-related expenses, such as food and lodging, transporta­tion, and other trip expenses, totaled $168 million—39 percent of total expenditures. Expenditures for food and lodging were $68 million and transportation expenditures were $63 million. Other trip expenses, such as equipment rental, totaled $36 million for the year. The average trip-related expenditure per hunter was $1,339.
Hunters spent $244 million on equip­ment—57 percent of all hunting expenditures. Hunting equipment (guns, ammunition, etc.) totaled $114 million and made up 47 percent of all equipment costs. Hunters spent $130 million on auxiliary equipment (tents, special hunting clothes, etc.) and special equipment (boats, vans, etc.), accounting for 53 percent of total equipment expenditures for hunting. Expenditures classified as special and auxiliary equipment are items that were purchased for hunting but could be used in activities other than hunting.
The purchase of other items, such as magazines, membership dues, licenses, permits, and land leasing, and ownership, cost hunters $13 million—3 percent of all hunting expenditures. For more details on hunting expenditures in Alaska, see Tables 20 through 23.
Hunting Expenditures in Alaska(Total: $425 million)Equipment 57%Trip-related39%Other3%Comparative Hunting Expenditures by Type of Hunting All huntingBig game Small gameMigratory birdsOther animals$1,339$1,474..................$29$25$125$134Trip expenditures per hunter:... Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.Trip expenditures per day:U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 11
Wildlife Watchers
Participants and Days of Activity
In 2011, 640 thousand U.S. residents 16 years old and older fed, observed, or photographed wildlife in Alaska. Unlike most states, a minority of the wildlife watchers, 36 percent (229 thousand), enjoyed their activities close to home and are called “around-the-home” participants. Those persons who enjoyed wildlife at least one mile from home are called “away-from-home” participants. People participating in away-from-home activities in Alaska in 2011 numbered 498 thousand—78 percent of all wildlife watchers in Alaska. Of the 498 thousand, 104 thousand were state residents and 395 thousand were nonresidents.
Alaskans 16 years old and older who enjoyed away-from-home wildlife watching within their state totaled 104 thousand. Of this group, 98 thousand participants observed and 71 thousand photographed wildlife. Since some individuals engaged in more than one of the three away-from-home activi­ties during the year, the sum of wildlife observers, feeders, and photographers exceeds the total number of away-from-home participants.
Alaskans spent 1.7 million days engaged in away-from-home wildlife-watching activities in their state. They spent 1.4 million days observing and 849 thousand days photographing wildlife. The sum of days observing, feeding, and photographing wildlife exceeds the total days of wildlife-watching activity because individuals may have engaged in more than one activity on some days. For further details about away-from-home activi­ties, see Table 25.
Alaska residents also took an active interest in wildlife around their homes. In 2011, 229 thousand state residents enjoyed observing, feeding, and photo­graphing wildlife within one mile of their homes. Among this around-the-home group, 106 thousand fed, 137 thousand observed, and 153 thousand photographed wildlife around their homes. Another 17 thousand partici­pants maintained natural areas of one-quarter acre or more for wildlife and 39 thousand participants visited parks or natural areas within a mile of home because of the wildlife. Summing the number of participants in these activi­ties results in an estimate that exceeds the total number of around-the-home participants because many people participated in more than one type of around-the-home activity. In addition, 44 percent of Alaskan around-the-home wildlife watchers also enjoyed wildlife away from home. For further details about Alaska residents participating in around-the-home wildlife-watching activities, see Table 27.
Wildlife-Watching Participants in Alaska
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total. . 640 thousand
Around the home. . 229 thousand
Away from home. . 498 thousand
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 24.
Away-From-Home Wildlife-Watching Participation in Alaska
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Participants, total. . 498 thousand
Observe wildlife. . 464 thousand
Photograph wildlife. . 428 thousand
Feed wildlife. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …
Days, total. . 5.2 million
Observe wildlife. . 3.7 million
Photograph wildlife. . 3.0 million
Feed wildlife. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 25.
Around-The-Home Wildlife-Watching Participation in Alaska
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total. . 229 thousand
Feed wildlife. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 thousand
Observe wildlife. . 137 thousand
Photograph wildlife. . 153 thousand
Maintain natural areas. . 17 thousand
Maintain plantings. . ...
Visit parks and natural areas. . 39 thousand
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 27.12 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Wild Bird Observers in Alaska
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Participants, total. . 512 thousand
Around the home. . 123 thousand
Away from home. . 432 thousand
.
Days, total. . 15.9 million
Around the home. . 13.4 million
Away from home. . 2.5 million
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 29.
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures in Alaska
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total. . $2.1 billion
Trip-related. . $2.0 billion
Equipment. . $79 million
Wildlife watching. . $42 million
Auxiliary and special. . $37 million
Other. . $9 million
Source: Table 31.
Wild Bird Observers
Bird watching attracted many wildlife enthusiasts in Alaska. In 2011, 512 thousand people observed birds around the home and on trips in the state. A minority, 24 percent (123 thousand), observed wild birds around the home while 84 percent (432 thousand) took trips away from home to watch birds.
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures in Alaska
Wildlife watchers spent $2.1 billion on wildlife-watching activities in Alaska in 2011. Trip-related expenditures, including food and lodging ($1.1 billion), transportation ($559 million), and other trip expenses ($359 million), such as equipment rental, amounted to nearly $2.0 billion. This summation comprised 96 percent of all wildlife-watching expenditures by participants. The average of the trip-related expendi­tures for away-from-home participants was $3,952 per person in 2011.
Wildlife-watching participants spent nearly $79 million on equipment—4 percent of all their expenditures. Specifically, wildlife-watching equip­ment (binoculars, special clothing, etc.) expenditures totaled $42 million, 53 percent of the equipment total. Auxiliary equipment expenditures (tents, backpacking equipment, etc.) and special equipment expenditures (campers, trucks, etc.) amounted to $37 million—47 percent of all equipment costs. Expenditures classified as special and auxiliary equipment are items that were purchased for wildlife-watching recreation but could be used in activi­ties other than wildlife watching.
Other items purchased by wildlife-watching participants, such as maga­zines, membership dues and contribu­tions, land leasing and ownership, and plantings, totaled $9 million—less than 1 percent of all wildlife-watching expenditures. For more details about wildlife-watching expenditures in Alaska, see Table 31.
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures in Alaska(Total: $2.1 billion)Equipment 4%Trip-related96%Other0.4%Away-From-Home Activity by Around-The-Home Participants(Total: 229 thousand participants)Both around the homeand away from homeAround the home only56%44%U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 13
Comparing the estimates from the 2001, 2006, and 2011 Surveys gives a perspective on the state of wildlife-related recreation in the early twenty-first century in Alaska. Only the most general recreation comparisons are presented here.
The best way to compare estimates from surveys is not to compare the estimates themselves but to compare the confidence intervals around the esti­mates. A 90-percent confidence interval around the estimate gives the range of estimates that 90 percent of all possible representative samples would supply. If the 90-percent confidence intervals of the two surveys’ estimates overlap, it is not possible to say the two estimates are statistically different.
The state resident estimates cover the participation and expenditure activity of Alaska residents anywhere in the United States. The in-state estimates cover the participation, day, and expenditure activity of U.S. residents in Alaska.
The expenditure estimates were made comparable by adjusting the estimates for inflation—all estimates are in 2011 dollars.
Alaska 2001–2011 Comparison
(Numbers in thousands. Expenditures in 2011 dollars)
2001 2011 Percent change
.
Fishing.
Anglers in state. . 421 538 NS28
Days in state. . 3,408 4,360 NS28
In-state expenditures by U.S. anglers…. . $682,508 $639,356 NS–6
State resident anglers…. . 185 211 NS 14
Total expenditures by state residents…. . $271,528 $283,792 NS5
Hunting
Hunters in state. . 93 125 NS34
Days in state. . 1,146 1,336 NS17
In-state expenditures by U.S. hunters. . $275,581 $424,803 NS54
State resident hunters. . 74 106 43
Total expenditures by state residents. . $141,845 $365,926 NS158
Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching
Participants in state. . . 292 498 NS71
Days in state. . 3,892 5,159 NS33
State resident participants. . 118 118 0
Around-The-Home Wildlife Watching
Total participants. . 221 229 NS4
Observers. . 145 137 NS–6
Feeders. . 129 106 NS–18
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures
In-state expenditures by U.S. wildlife watchers. . $633,621 $2,058,355 NS225
Total expenditures by state residents. . $143,193 $144,228 NS1
NS Not different from zero at the 10 percent level of significance
2001-2011 Comparison14 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Alaska 2006 and 2011 Comparison
(Numbers in thousands. Expenditures in 2011 dollars)
2006 2011 Percent change
.
Fishing
Anglers in state. . 293 538 84
Days in state. . 2,687 4,360 NS62
In-state expenditures by U.S. anglers. . $576,572 $639,356 NS11
State resident anglers. . 138 211 53
Total expenditures by state residents. . $246,951 $283,792 NS15
Hunting
Hunters in state. . 71 125 NS76
Days in state. . 854 1,336 NS56
In-state expenditures by U.S. hunters. . $139,596 $424,803 NS204
State resident hunters. . 55 106 93
Total expenditures by state residents. . $124,447 $365,926 194
Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching
Participants in state. . . 354 498 NS41
Days in state. . 4,126 5,159 NS25
State resident participants. . 68 118 74
Around-The-Home Wildlife Watching
Total participants. . 202 229 NS13
Observers. . 146 137 NS-6
Feeders. . 120 106 NS-12
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures
In-state expenditures by U.S. wildlife watchers. . $648,319 $2,058,355 NS217
Total expenditures by state residents. . $180,647 $144,228 NS–20
NS Not different from zero at the 10 percent level of significance
Note: The Alaska Department of Fish and Game has expressed concerns regarding estimates from the 2006 National Survey. Information on Alaska’s wildlife
resources are obtainable at www.adfg.state.ak.us.
Number of People Who Hunted and Fished in Alaska: 2001–2011(In thousands)AnglersHunters2011200620014212939371538125Number of People Who Wildlife Watched in Alaska: 2001–2011(In thousands)Around the homeAway from home201120062001221292202354229498Total Expenditures by Participants in Alaska (In millions of 2011 dollars)AnglersHuntersWildlife Watchers2011200620016832766345771406486394252,058Tables
16 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Guide to Statistical Tables
Purpose and Coverage of Tables
The statistical tables of this report were designed to meet a wide range of needs for those interested in wildlife-related recreation. Special terms used in these tables are defined in Appendix A.
The tables are based on responses to the 2011 Survey, which was designed to collect data about participation in wi­ldlife-related recreation. To have taken part in the Survey, a respondent must have been a U.S. resident (a resident of one of the 50 states or the District of Columbia). No one residing outside the United States (including U.S. citizens) was eligible for inter­viewing. Therefore, reported state and national totals do not include partici­pation by those who were not U.S. residents or who were U.S. citizens residing outside the United States.
Comparability With Previous Surveys
The numbers reported can be compared with those in the 1991, 1996, 2001, and 2006 Survey Reports. The methodology used in 2011 was similar to that used in those Surveys. These results should not be directly compared to results from Surveys earlier than 1991 since there were major changes in methodology. These changes were made to improve accuracy in the information provided.
Coverage of an Individual Table
Since the Survey covers many activi­ties in various places by participants of different ages, all table titles, headnotes, stubs, and footnotes are designed to identify and articulate each item being reported in the table. For example, the title of Table 2 shows that data about anglers and hunters, their days of participation, and their number of trips are reported by type of activity. By contrast, the title of Table 7 indi­cates that it contains data on freshwater anglers and the days they fished for different species.
Percentages Reported in the Tables
Percentages are reported in the tables for the convenience of the user. When exclusive groups are being reported, the base of a percentage is apparent from its context because the percents add to 100 percent (plus or minus a rounding error). For example, Table 2 reports the number of trips taken by big game hunters, those taken by small game hunters, those taken by migratory bird hunters, and those taken by hunters pursuing other animals. These comprise 100 percent because they are exclusive categories.
Percents should not add to 100 when nonexclusive groups are being reported. Using Table 2 as an example again, note that adding the percentages associated with the total number of big game hunters, total small game hunters, total migratory bird hunters, and total hunters of other animals will not yield total hunters because respondents could hunt for more than one type of game.
When the base of the percentage is not apparent in context, it is identified in a footnote. For example, Table 15 reports two percentages with different bases: one base being the number of total participants at the head of the column and the other base being the total popu­lation who are described by the row category. Footnotes are used to clarify the bases of the reported percentages.
Footnotes to the Tables
Footnotes are used to clarify the infor­mation or items that are being reported in a table. Symbols in the body of a table indicate important footnotes. The following symbols are used in the tables to refer to the same footnote each time they appear:
* Estimate based on a sample size
of 10–29.
... Sample size too small to report
data reliably.
Z Less than 0.5 percent.
X Not applicable.
NA Not available.
Estimates based upon fewer than ten responses are regarded as being based on a sample size that is too small for reliable reporting. An estimate based upon at least 10 but fewer than 30 responses is treated as an estimate based on a small sample size. Other footnotes appear, as necessary, to qualify or clarify the estimates reported in the tables. In addition, these two important footnotes appear frequently:
• Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
• Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and no­nresponse.
“Multiple responses” is a term used to reflect the fact that individuals or their characteristics fall into more than one category. Using Table 5 as an example, those who fished in saltwater and fresh­water appear in both of these totals. Yet each angler is represented only once in the “Total, all fishing” row. Simi­larly, in Table 12, those who hunt for big game and small game are counted only once as a hunter in the “Total, all hunting” row. Therefore, totals will be smaller than the sum of subcategories when multiple responses exist.
“Nonresponse” exists because the Survey questions were answered volun­tarily, and some respondents did not or could not answer all the questions. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 17
Table 1. Fishing and Hunting in Alaska by Resident and Nonresident Sportspersons: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Sportspersons
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent of sportspersons
Number
Percent of
resident
sportspersons
Number
Percent of
nonresident sportspersons
Total sportspersons (fished or hunted). .
563
100
235
100
327
100
Total anglers. .
538
96
211
90
327
100
Fished only. .
437
78
131
56
306
94
Fished and hunted. . .
101
18
79
34
...
...
Total hunters. .
125
22
104
44
...
...
Hunted only. .
*25
*4
*25
*10
...
...
Hunted and fished. . .
101
18
79
34
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 2. Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in Alaska by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Type of fishing and hunting
Participants
Days of participation
Trips
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
FISHING
Total, all fishing. .
538
100
4,360
100
3,140
100
Total, all freshwater. .
302
56
2,995
69
1,926
61
Freshwater
, except Great Lakes. .
302
56
2,995
69
1,926
61
Great Lakes. .
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
Saltwater. .
334
62
1,446
33
1,214
39
HUNTING
Total, all hunting. .
125
100
1,336
100
636
100
Big game. .
110
88
1,211
91
480
75
Small game. .
*25
*20
*124
*9
*109
*17
Migratory birds. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other animals. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.18 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 3. Anglers and Hunters, Trips, and Days of Participation: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers and hunters, trips and
days of participation
Activity in Alaska
Activity by Alaska residents in United States
Total, state residents and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Total, in state of residence and in other states
In state of
residence
In other states
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
FISHING
Total anglers. .
538
100
211
39
327
61
211
100
211
100
*15
*7
Total trips. .
3,140
100
2,570
82
570
18
2,593
100
2,570
99
*23
*1
Total days of fishing. .
4,360
100
3,073
70
1,287
30
3,115
100
3,073
99
*48
*2
Average days of fishing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8
(X)
15
(X)
4
(X)
15
(X)
15
(X)
*3
(X)
HUNTING
Total hunters. .
125
100
104
83
...
...
106
100
104
98
...
...
Total trips. .
636
100
612
96
...
...
649
100
612
94
...
...
Total days of hunting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,336
100
1,044
78
...
...
1,071
100
1,044
98
...
...
Average days of hunting. .
11
(X)
10
(X)
...
(X)
10
(X)
10
(X)
...
(X)
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 4. Alaska Resident Anglers and Hunters by Place Fished or Hunted: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Place fished or hunted
Anglers
Hunters
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total, all places. .
211
100
106
100
In-state only. .
197
93
100
94
In-state and other states. .
*14
*7
...
...
In other states only. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
Table 5. Alaska Resident Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in the United States by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Type of fishing and hunting
Participants
Days of participation
Trips
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
FISHING
Total, all fishing. .
211
100
3,115
100
2,593
100
Total, all freshwater. .
167
79
2,182
70
1,653
64
Freshwater
, except Great Lakes. .
167
79
2,181
70
1,652
64
Great Lakes. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Saltwater. .
103
49
927
30
940
36
HUNTING
Total, all hunting. .
106
100
1,071
100
649
100
Big game. .
90
85
944
88
491
76
Small game. .
*25
*24
*124
*12
*109
*17
Migratory birds. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other animals. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 19
Table 6. Freshwater Anglers, Trips, Days of Fishing, and Type of Water Fished: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers, trips, and days of fishing
Activity in Alaska
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total anglers. .
302
100
166
55
*136
*45
Total trips. .
1,926
100
1,631
85
*294
*15
Total days of fishing. .
2,995
100
2,139
71
*857
*29
Average days of fishing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
(X)
13
(X)
*6
(X)
ANGLERS
Total, all types of water. .
302
100
166
55
*136
*45
Ponds, lakes, or reservoirs. .
104
100
61
59
...
...
Rivers or streams. .
.. 268
100
144
54
*124
*46
DAYS
Total, all types of water. .
2,995
100
2,139
71
*857
*29
Ponds, lakes, or reservoirs. .
518
100
395
76
...
...
Rivers or streams. .
.. 2,658
100
1,871
70
*786
*30
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 7. Freshwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in Alaska by Type of Fish: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers and days of fishing
Activity in Alaska
Total, state residents and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent of total types
Percent of anglers/days
Number
Percent of anglers/days
Number
Percent of anglers/days
ANGLERS
Total, all types of fish. .
302
100
100
166
55
*136
*45
Crappie. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Panfish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
White bass, striped bass, striped bass hybrids. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Black bass. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Catfish, bullheads. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Walleye, sauger. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Northern pike, pickerel, muskie, muskie hybrids. .
*15
*5
*100
*15
*100
...
...
Steelhead. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Trout. .
136
45
100
66
49
*70
*51
Salmon. .
238
79
100
129
54
*109
*46
Anything1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other freshwater fish. .
*46
*15
*100
*22
*48
...
...
DAYS
Total, all types of fish. .
2,995
100
100
2,139
71
*857
*29
Crappie. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Panfish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
White bass, striped bass, striped bass hybrids. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Black bass. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Catfish, bullheads. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Walleye, sauger. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Northern pike, pickerel, muskie, muskie hybrids. .
*360
*12
*100
*360
*100
...
...
Steelhead. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Trout. .
999
33
100
631
63
*369
*37
Salmon. .
2,232
75
100
1,608
72
*624
*28
Anything1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other freshwater fish. .
*333
*11
*100
*232
*70
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Respondent fished for no specific species and identified “Anything” from a list of categories of fish.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.20 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 8. Great Lakes Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in Alaska: 2011
This table does not apply to this state.
Table 9. Great Lakes Anglers and Days of Fishing in Alaska by Type of Fish: 2011
This table does not apply to this state.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 21
Table 11. Saltwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in Alaska by Type of Fish: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers and days of fishing
Activity in Alaska
Total, state residents and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent of total types
Percent of anglers/days
Number
Percent of anglers/days
Number
Percent of anglers/days
ANGLERS
Total, all types of fish. .
334
100
100
102
30
*232
*70
Salmon. .
268
80
100
64
24
*203
*76
Flatfish (flounder, halibut). .
107
32
100
37
34
*71
*66
Mahi Mahi (dolphinfish). .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Lingcod. . .
*38
*11
*100
...
...
...
...
Shellfish. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Anything1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other saltwater fish. .
*35
*11
*100
*20
*56
...
...
DAYS
Total, all types of fish. .
1,446
100
100
923
64
*523
*36
Salmon. .
1,025
71
100
674
66
*351
*34
Flatfish (flounder, halibut). .
450
31
100
266
59
*184
*41
Mahi Mahi (dolphinfish). .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Lingcod. . .
*144
*10
*100
...
...
...
...
Shellfish. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Anything1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other saltwater fish. .
*175
*12
*100
*140
*80
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Respondent fished for no specific species and identified “Anything” from a list of categories of fish.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 10. Saltwater Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in Alaska: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers, trips, and days of fishing
Activity in Alaska
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total anglers. .
334
100
102
30
*232
*70
Total trips. .
1,214
100
939
77
*275
*23
Total days. .
1,446
100
923
64
*523
*36
Average days of fishing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
(X)
9
(X)
*2
(X)
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.22 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 12. Hunters, Trips, and Days of Hunting in Alaska by Type of Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Hunters, trips, and days of hunting
Activity in Alaska
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
HUNTERS
Total, all hunting. .
125
100
104
83
...
...
Big game. .
110
100
89
81
...
...
Small game. .
*25
*100
*25
*100
...
...
Migratory birds. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other animals. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
TRIPS
Total, all hunting. .
636
100
612
96
...
...
Big game. .
480
100
456
95
...
...
Small game. .
*109
*100
*109
*100
...
...
Migratory birds. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other animals. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
DAYS
Total, all hunting. .
1,336
100
1,044
78
...
...
Big game. .
1,211
100
919
76
...
...
Small game. .
*124
*100
*124
*100
...
...
Migratory birds. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other animals. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 13. Hunters and Days of Hunting in Alaska by Type of Game: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Type of game
Hunters, state residents and nonresidents
Days of hunting
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total, all types of game. .
125
100
1,336
100
Big game, total. .
110
88
1,211
91
Deer. .
*25
*20
*220
*16
Elk. .
*11
*9
*68
*5
Bear. .
78
62
770
58
W
ild turkey. .
*36
*29
*260
*19
Other big game. .
*25
*20
*124
*9
Small game, total. .
...
...
...
...
Rabbit, hare. .
...
...
...
...
Quail. .
...
...
...
...
Grouse/prairie chicken. .
...
...
...
...
Squirrel. .
...
...
...
...
Pheasant. .
...
...
...
...
Other small game. .
...
...
...
...
Migratory birds, total. .
...
...
...
...
W
aterfowl. .
...
...
...
...
Geese. .
...
...
...
...
Ducks. .
...
...
...
...
Doves. .
...
...
...
...
Other migratory birds. .
...
...
...
...
Other animals, total1. .
*68
*13
*862
*8
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Includes groundhog, raccoon, fox, coyote, crow, prairie dog, etc.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 23
Table 14. Hunters and Days of Hunting in Alaska by Type of Land: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Hunters and days of hunting
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
HUNTERS
Total, all types of land. .
125
100
104
100
...
...
Public land, total. .
121
97
100
96
...
...
Public land only. .
118
94
97
93
...
...
Public and private land. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Private land, total. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Private land only. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Private and public land. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
DAYS
Total, all types of land. .
1,336
100
1,044
100
...
...
Public land1. .
1,298
97
1,006
96
...
...
Private land2. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Days of hunting on public land includes both days spent solely on public land and those spent on public and private land.
2 Days of hunting on private land includes both days spent solely on private land and those spent on private and public land.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.24 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 15. Selected Characteristics of Alaska Resident Anglers and Hunters: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Characteristic
Population
Sportspersons
(fished or hunted)
Anglers
Hunters
Number
Percent
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent
of
sports-
persons
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent of anglers
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent of
hunters
Total persons. .
526
100
235
45
100
211
40
100
106
20
100
Population Density of Residence
Urban. .
348
66
124
36
53
116
33
55
40
11
37
Rural. .
178
34
111
62
47
95
53
45
66
37
63
Population Size of Residence
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). .
426
81
175
41
74
163
38
77
72
17
68
1,000,000 or more. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
250,000 to 999,999. .
299
57
132
44
56
130
43
61
*53
*18
*50
50,000 to 249,999. .
127
24
42
33
18
33
26
16
*19
*15
*18
Outside MSA. .
100
19
61
61
26
48
48
23
*34
*34
*32
Sex
Male. .
281
53
167
59
71
144
51
68
100
36
94
Female. .
245
47
69
28
29
68
28
32
...
...
...
Age
16 to 17 years. .
*18
*3
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
18 to 24 years. .
36
7
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
25 to 34 years. .
110
21
49
44
21
42
38
20
*21
*19
*20
35 to 44 years. .
126
24
*59
*47
*25
*58
*46
*28
*21
*16
*19
45 to 54 years. .
111
21
63
57
27
*52
*46
*24
*29
*26
*27
55 to 64 years. .
82
16
*36
*44
*15
*34
*41
*16
*24
*29
*23
65 years and older. .
43
8
*20
*46
*8
*18
*41
*8
...
...
...
65 to 74 years. .
33
6
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
75 and older. .
*10
*2
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Ethnicity
Hispanic. .
*28
*5
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Non-Hispanic. .
498
95
232
47
99
209
42
99
105
21
99
Race
White. .
372
71
207
56
88
188
51
89
92
25
87
African American. .
*22
*4
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
All others. .
132
25
*29
*22
*12
*23
*18
*11
*14
*11
*13
Annual Household Income
Less than $20,000. .
*23
*4
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$20,000 to $29,999. .
*33
*6
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$30,000 to $39,999. .
58
11
*22
*38
*9
*16
*28
*8
...
...
...
$40,000 to $49,999. .
*22
*4
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$50,000 to $74,999. .
112
21
78
69
33
77
68
36
*36
*32
*34
$75,000 to $99,999. .
89
17
*40
*45
*17
*37
*41
*17
...
...
...
$100,000 to $149,999. .
73
14
*38
*51
*16
*30
*40
*14
*25
*34
*23
$150,000 or more. .
37
7
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Not reported. .
80
15
*19
*24
*8
*16
*20
*8
...
...
...
Education
11 years or less. .
57
11
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
12 years. .
178
34
70
39
30
60
34
28
*38
*21
*36
1 to 3 years of college. .
140
27
80
57
34
72
52
34
*35
*25
*33
4 years or more of college. .
152
29
70
46
30
65
43
31
*26
*17
*25
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses. Percent who participated columns show the percent of each row’s population who participated in the activity named by the column (the percent of those living in urban areas who fished, etc.). Remaining percent columns show the percent of each column’s participants who are described by the row heading (the percent of anglers who lived in urban areas, etc.).U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 25
Table 16. Summary of Expenditures in Alaska by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for
Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average
per sportsperson
(dollars)1
FISHING AND HUNTING
Total. .
1,281,558
580
2,209
2,275
Food and lodging. .
295,928
376
787
526
Transportation. .
227,230
492
462
404
Other trip costs2. .
172,642
293
589
307
Equipment (fishing, hunting). .
170,617
247
692
303
Auxiliary equipment3. .
68,319
140
488
121
Special equipment4. .
*312,293
*58
*5,343
*555
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
*2,023
*34
*59
*4
Membership dues and contributions. .
*4,065
*30
*134
*7
Other5. .
28,440
312
91
49
FISHING
Total. .
639,356
552
1,159
1,184
Food and lodging. .
227,663
349
652
423
Transportation. .
164,152
468
351
305
Other trip costs2. .
136,321
275
496
253
Fishing equipment. .
56,246
208
271
104
Auxiliary equipment3. .
20,338
76
266
36
Special equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
Other5. .
17,596
255
69
31
HUNTING
Total. .
424,803
127
3,337
3,281
Food and lodging. .
68,265
118
577
545
Transportation. .
63,078
108
586
504
Other trip costs2. .
36,321
68
532
290
Hunting equipment. .
113,578
81
1,405
907
Auxiliary equipment3. .
*12,745
*36
*355
*102
Special equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
Other5. .
10,845
99
110
83
UNSPECIFIED6
Total. .
162,048
62
2,626
288
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes boating costs, equipment rental, guide fees, access fees, heating and cooking fuel, and ice and bait (for fishing only).
3 Includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing and hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and repair
of equipment, processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
4 Includes big-ticket items bought primarily for hunting and fishing including boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles,
pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
5 Includes land leasing and ownership, licenses, stamps, tags, permits, and plantings (for hunting only).
6 Respondent could not specify whether expenditure was primarily for either fishing or hunting.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.26 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 17. Summary of Fishing Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Alaska by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined by Type of Fishing: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average per
spender (dollars)1
Average per
angler (dollars)1
ALL FISHING
Total. .
619,364
529
1,172
1,149
Food and lodging. .
227,663
349
652
423
Transportation. .
164,152
468
351
305
Other trip costs. .
136,321
275
496
253
Equipment. .
91,228
223
410
167
ALL FRESHWATER
Total. .
348,229
298
1,167
647
Food and lodging. .
127,044
260
488
236
Transportation. .
106,627
254
420
198
Other trip costs. .
55,889
201
278
104
Equipment. .
58,670
173
339
109
FRESHWATER, EXCEPT GREAT LAKES
Total. .
348,229
298
1,167
647
Food and lodging. .
127,044
260
488
236
Transportation. .
106,627
254
420
198
Other trip costs. .
55,889
201
278
104
Equipment. .
58,670
173
339
109
GREAT LAKES
Total. .
...
...
...
...
Food and lodging. .
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
...
...
...
...
SALTWATER
Total. .
267,367
318
841
497
Food and lodging. .
100,619
168
597
187
Transportation. .
57,525
272
211
107
Other trip costs. .
80,432
119
676
150
Equipment. .
28,791
55
520
54
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Table 19 for detailed listing of expenditure items.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 27
Table 18. Summary of Hunting Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Alaska by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined by Type of Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average per
type of hunter
(dollars)1
ALL HUNTING
Total. .
411,696
126
3,259
3,180
Food and lodging. .
68,265
118
577
545
Transportation. .
63,078
108
586
504
Other trip costs. .
36,321
68
532
290
Equipment. .
244,032
90
2,703
1,841
BIG GAME
Total. .
326,453
110
2,956
2,608
Food and lodging. .
66,037
105
631
527
Transportation. .
60,038
96
624
480
Other trip costs. .
36,024
65
558
288
Equipment. .
164,354
71
2,327
1,313
SMALL GAME
Total. .
*10,673
*21
*510
*300
Food and lodging. .
*1,475
*20
*75
*41
Transportation. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
...
...
...
...
MIGRATORY BIRDS
Total. .
...
...
...
...
Food and lodging. .
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
...
...
...
...
OTHER ANIMALS
Total. .
...
...
...
...
Food and lodging. .
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Table 20 for detailed listing of expenditure items.28 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 19. Expenditures in Alaska by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Fishing: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Expenditures
Spenders
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Average
per angler
(dollars)1
Number
(thousands)
Percent of anglers
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Total, all items. . .. .
639,356
1,184
552
103
1,159
TRIP-RELATED EXPENDITURES
Total trip-related. .
528,135
982
510
95
1,035
Food and lodging, total. .
227,663
423
349
65
652
Food. .
116,483
217
324
60
360
Lodging. .
111,180
207
161
30
690
Transportation. .
164,152
305
468
87
351
Other trip costs, total. .
136,321
253
275
51
496
Privilege and other fees2. .
74,961
139
177
33
423
Boating costs3. .
49,495
92
66
12
751
Bait. .
3,921
7
96
18
41
Ice. .
4,482
8
128
24
35
Heating and cooking fuel. .
3,462
6
90
17
39
EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES
PRIMARILY FOR FISHING
Fishing equipment, total. .
56,246
104
208
39
271
Reels, rods, and rod-making components. .
19,038
35
80
15
237
Lines, hooks, sinkers, etc.. .
12,155
22
160
30
76
Artificial lures and flies. .
12,259
22
155
29
79
Creels, stringers, fish bags, landing nets, and gaff hooks. .
*3,896
*7
*47
*9
*83
Minnow seines, traps, and bait containers. .
...
...
...
...
...
Other fishing equipment4. .
8,549
16
73
14
117
Auxiliary equipment5. .
20,338
36
76
14
266
Special equipment6. .
...
...
...
...
...
Other fishing costs7. .
19,992
35
277
52
72
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes boat or equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trip (party and charter boats, etc.), public land use, and private land use.
3 Includes boat launching, mooring, storage, maintenance, insurance, pumpout fees, and fuel.
4 Includes electronic fishing devices (depth finders, fish finders, etc.), tackle boxes, ice fishing equipment, and other fishing equipment.
5 Includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and repair of equipment,
processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
6 Includes big-ticket items bought primarily for fishing including boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans,
travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
7 Includes magazines, books, and DVDs, membership dues and contributions, land leasing and ownership, and licenses, stamps, tags, and permits.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. Percent of anglers may be greater than 100 because spenders who did not fish in this state are included.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 29
Table 20. Expenditures in Alaska by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Expenditures
Spenders
Amount (thousands
of dollars)
Average
per hunter
(dollars)1
Number
(thousands)
Percent of hunters
Average per spender
(dollars)1
Total, all items. . .. .
424,803
3,281
127
102
3,337
TRIP-RELATED EXPENDITURES
Total trip-related. .
167,664
1,339
122
98
1,372
Food and lodging, total. .
68,265
545
118
95
577
Food. .
51,518
412
118
95
435
Lodging. .
*16,747
*134
*29
*23
*575
Transportation. .
63,078
504
108
86
586
Other trip costs, total. .
36,321
290
68
55
532
Privilege and other fees2. .
*12,946
*103
*22
*17
*595
Boating costs3. .
*18,136
*145
*29
*23
*621
Heating and cooking fuel. .
*5,239
*42
*48
*39
*108
EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES
PRIMARILY FOR HUNTING
Hunting equipment, total. .
113,578
907
81
65
1,405
Firearms. .
*65,161
*520
*32
*25
*2,067
Ammunition. .
13,098
105
66
53
198
Other hunting equipment4. .
*35,320
*282
*39
*31
*900
Auxiliary equipment5. .
*12,745
*102
*36
*29
*355
Special equipment6. .
...
...
...
...
...
Other hunting costs7. .
13,107
101
99
79
132
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes guide fees, pack trip and package fees, public and private land use access fees, and rental of equipment such as boats and hunting or camping equipment.
3 Boating costs include launching, mooring, storage, maintenance, insurance, pumpout fees, and fuel.
4 Includes telescopic sights, decoys and game calls, handloading equipment and components, hunting dogs and associated costs, hunting knives, bows, arrows, archery
equipment, and other hunting equipment.
5 Includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and repair of
equipment, processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
6 Includes big-ticket items bought primarily for hunting including boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans,
travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
7 Includes magazines, books, and DVDs, membership dues and contributions, land leasing and ownership, and licenses, stamps, tags, and permits.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. Percent of hunters may be greater than 100 because spenders who did not hunt in this state are included.30 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 21. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Alaska for Fishing and Hunting by Alaska Residents and Nonresidents: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average per sportsperson
(dollars)1
STATE RESIDENTS AND NONRESIDENTS
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. . .. .
1,247,030
557
2,239
9,961
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing, total. .
664,963
535
1,242
1,149
Food and lodging. .
227,663
349
652
423
Transportation. .
164,152
468
351
305
Boating costs2. .
49,495
66
751
92
Other trip costs3. .
86,825
258
336
161
Equipment. .
136,828
229
597
167
Trip and equipment expenditures for hunting, total. .
421,330
146
2,892
3,180
Food and lodging. .
68,265
118
577
545
Transportation. .
63,078
108
586
504
Boating costs2. .
*18,136
*29
*621
*145
Other trip costs3. .
18,185
58
312
145
Equipment. .
253,666
110
2,313
1,841
Unspecified equipment4. .
160,736
59
2,705
1,284
STATE RESIDENTS
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. . .. .
835,330
223
3,741
8,028
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing, total. .
316,315
206
1,534
1,280
Food and lodging. .
59,600
188
317
283
Transportation. .
62,318
186
334
296
Boating costs2. .
48,295
55
874
229
Other trip costs3. .
23,215
140
166
110
Equipment. .
122,887
151
812
361
Trip and equipment expenditures for hunting, total. .
359,012
119
3,028
3,290
Food and lodging. .
43,765
100
437
421
Transportation. .
40,423
90
451
388
Boating costs2. .
*17,023
*24
*720
*164
Other trip costs3. .
*10,787
*50
*214
*104
Equipment. .
247,015
101
2,454
2,214
Unspecified equipment4. .
160,003
54
2,946
1,538
NONRESIDENTS
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. . .. .
411,700
334
1,233
19,481
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing, total. .
348,649
329
1,060
1,065
Food and lodging. .
168,063
161
1,042
513
Transportation. .
101,834
281
362
311
Boating costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs3. .
*63,610
*118
*538
*194
Equipment. .
*13,941
*78
*179
*42
Trip and equipment expenditures for hunting, total. .
...
...
...
...
Food and lodging. .
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
...
...
...
...
Boating costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs3. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
...
...
...
...
Unspecified equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes boat launching, mooring, storage, maintenance, insurance, pumpout fees, and fuel.
3 Includes equipment rental, guide and access fees, ice and bait for fishing, and heating and cooking oil.
4 Respondent could not specify whether item was for hunting or fishing.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 31
Table 22. Summary of Alaska Residents’ Fishing and Hunting Expenditures Both Inside and Outside Alaska: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average
per sportsperson
(dollars)1
FISHING AND HUNTING
Total. .
859,955
233
3,685
3,656
Food and lodging. .
103,748
215
483
441
Transportation. .
101,080
204
495
430
Other trip costs2. .
99,353
169
588
422
Equipment (fishing, hunting). .
166,667
173
965
709
Auxiliary equipment3. .
57,445
105
549
244
Special equipment4. .
*312,342
*52
*5,953
*1,328
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
*1,912
*27
*71
*8
Membership dues and contributions. .
*4,133
*28
*147
*18
Other5. .
13,276
179
74
56
FISHING
Total. .
283,792
210
1,354
1,342
Food and lodging. .
59,600
188
317
282
Transportation. .
61,758
186
331
292
Other trip costs2. .
71,524
156
458
338
Fishing equipment. .
51,625
137
377
244
Auxiliary equipment3. .
15,401
45
340
73
Special equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
Other5. .
8,292
129
64
39
HUNTING
Total. .
365,926
106
3,447
3,447
Food and lodging. .
44,148
102
431
416
Transportation. .
39,323
90
438
370
Other trip costs2. .
27,829
61
454
262
Hunting equipment. .
114,249
79
1,450
1,076
Auxiliary equipment3. .
*13,969
*38
*367
*132
Special equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
Other5. .
4,984
81
62
47
UNSPECIFIED6
Total. .
161,314
57
2,851
686
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes boating costs, equipment rental, guide fees, access fees, heating and cooking fuel, and ice and bait (for fishing only).
3 Includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing and hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and
repair of equipment, processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
4 Includes big-ticket items bought primarily for hunting and fishing including boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles,
pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
5 Includes land leasing and ownership, licenses, stamps, tags, and permits, and plantings (for hunting only).
6 Respondent could not specify whether expenditure was primarily for fishing or hunting.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Tables 19–20 for a detailed listing of expenditure items.32 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 23. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by Alaska Residents for Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average per
spender (dollars)1
Average per
sportsperson
(dollars)1
IN ALASKA
Expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. .
850,464
233
3,644
1,512
Trip-related expenditures. .
305,425
222
1,378
543
Equipment (fishing and hunting). .
163,153
170
959
290
Auxiliary equipment2. .
55,654
101
551
99
Special equipment3. .
*311,098
*52
*5,929
*553
Other4. .
15,135
188
80
27
Expenditures for fishing, total. .
277,955
210
1,326
517
Trip-related expenditures. .
193,428
197
984
360
Fishing equipment. .
48,856
134
364
91
Auxiliary equipment2. .
14,982
45
331
28
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
7,240
142
51
13
Expenditures for hunting, total. .
362,420
106
3,414
2,895
Trip-related expenditures. .
111,997
104
1,076
895
Hunting equipment. .
113,503
78
1,459
907
Auxiliary equipment2. .
*12,745
*36
*355
*102
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
6,466
81
80
52
Unspecified expenditures for fishing and hunting, total5. .
161,314
57
2,851
287
OUT OF STATE
Expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. .
*19,309
*187
*103
*34
Trip-related expenditures. .
*8,574
*19
*455
*15
Equipment (fishing and hunting). .
*3,514
*173
*20
*6
Auxiliary equipment2. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
...
...
...
...
Expenditures for fishing, total. .
*9,573
*151
*64
*18
Trip-related expenditures. .
...
...
...
...
Fishing equipment. .
...
...
...
...
Auxiliary equipment2. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
...
...
...
...
Expenditures for hunting, total. .
*9,685
*88
*110
*77
Trip-related expenditures. .
...
...
...
...
Hunting equipment. .
...
...
...
...
Auxiliary equipment2. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
...
...
...
...
Unspecified expenditures for fishing and hunting, total5. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Auxiliary equipment includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing and hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders,
maintenance and repair of equipment, processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
3 Special equipment includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes,
house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
4 Other equipment includes expenditures for magazines, books, DVDs, membership dues and contributions, land leasing and ownership, licenses, stamps, tags, and permits, and
plantings.
5 Respondent could not specify whether expenditure was primarily for either fishing or hunting.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 33
Table 24. Wildlife Watching in Alaska by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Participants
Number
Percent
Total participants. .
640
100
Away from home. .
498
78
Observe wildlife. .
464
73
Photograph wildlife. .
428
67
Feed wildlife. .
...
...
Around the home. .
229
36
Observe wildlife. .
137
21
Photograph wildlife. .
153
24
Feed wildlife. .
106
16
V
isit parks or natural areas1. .
*39
*6
Maintain plantings or natural areas. .
*19
*3
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Includes visits only to parks or natural areas within one mile of home.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 25. Participants, Trips, and Days of Participation in Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching in
Alaska: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Participants, trips, and days of participation
Activity in Alaska
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
PARTICIPANTS
Total participants. .
498
100
104
100
395
100
Observe wildlife. .
464
93
98
95
366
93
Photograph wildlife. .
428
86
71
68
358
91
Feed wildlife. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
TRIPS
Total Trips. .
1,758
100
908
100
850
100
Average days per trip. .
3
(X)
2
(X)
4
(X)
DAYS
Total days. .
5,159
100
1,739
100
3,420
100
Observing wildlife. .
3,749
73
1,350
78
2,398
70
Photographing wildlife. .
2,986
58
*849
*49
2,137
62
Feeding wildlife. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Average days per participant. .
10
(X)
17
(X)
9
(X)
Observing wildlife. .
8
(X)
14
(X)
7
(X)
Photographing wildlife. .
7
(X)
*12
(X)
6
(X)
Feeding wildlife. .
...
(X)
...
(X)
...
(X)
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.34 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 26. Away-From-Home Wildlife-Watching Participants by Wildlife Observed, Photographed, or Fed in Alaska: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Wildlife observed, photographed, or fed
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total all wildlife. .
498
100
104
21
395
79
Total birds. .
475
100
94
20
381
80
Songbirds (cardinals, robins, warblers, etc.). .
*67
*100
*45
*67
...
...
Birds of prey (hawks, owls, eagles, etc.). .
409
100
79
19
330
81
Waterfowl (ducks, geese, swans, etc.). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
187
100
69
37
*118
*63
Other water birds (shorebirds, herons, cranes, etc.). .
277
100
*62
*22
*215
*78
Other birds (pheasants, turkeys, road runners, etc.). .
*44
*100
...
...
...
...
Total land mammals. .
369
100
76
21
*293
*79
Large land mammals (bears, bison, elk, etc.). .
362
100
69
19
*293
*81
Small land mammals (prairie dogs, squirrels, etc.). .
205
100
*48
*23
*157
*77
Fish (salmon, sharks, etc.). .
.. 277
100
*33
*12
*243
*88
Marine mammals (whales, dolphins, etc.). .
304
100
*40
*13
*263
*87
Other wildlife (butterflies, turtles, etc.). .
*97
*100
*40
*41
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 27. Participation in Wildlife-Watching Activities Around the Home in Alaska: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Around the home
Participants
Number
Percent
Total around-the-home participants. .
229
100
Observe wildlife. .
137
60
Visit parks and natural areas1. .
*39
*17
Photograph wildlife. .
153
67
Feed wildlife. .
106
46
Maintain natural areas. .
*17
*8
Maintain plantings. .
...
...
Participants Observing Wildlife
Total, all wildlife. .
137
100
Birds. .
123
90
Land mammals. .
122
89
Large mammals. .
111
81
Small mammals. .
79
57
Amphibians or reptiles. .
...
...
Insects or spiders. .
*38
*27
Fish and other wildlife. .
*37
*27
Total, 1 day or more. .
137
100
1 to 10 days. .
*35
*26
1
1 to 50 days. .
*20
*15
51 to 200 days. .
*54
*39
201 days or more. .
*27
*20
Participants Visiting Parks or Natural Areas1
Total, 1 day or more. .
*39
*100
1 to 5 days. .
...
...
6 to 10 days. .
...
...
1
1 days or more. .
...
...
Participants Photographing Wildlife
Total, 1 day or more. .
153
100
1 to 3 days. .
*58
*38
4 to 10 days. .
*60
*39
1
1 or more days. .
*35
*23
Participants Feeding Wildlife
Total, all wildlife. .
106
100
W
ild birds. .
102
97
Other wildlife. .
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Includes visits only to parks or natural areas within one mile of home.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 35
Table 28. Alaska Residents Participating in Wildlife Watching in the United States: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Participants
Number
Percent of participants
Percent of population
Total participants. .
247
100
47
Away from home. .
118
48
22
Around the home. .
229
93
43
Observe wildlife. .
137
56
26
Photograph wildlife. .
153
62
29
Feed wild birds or other wildlife. .
106
43
20
Maintain plantings or natural areas. .
*19
*8
*4
V
isit parks or natural areas1. .
*39
*16
*7
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29.
1 Includes visits only to parks or natural areas within one mile of home.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses. The column showing percent of participants is based on total participants. The column
showing percent of population is based on the state population 16 years old and older, including those who did not participate in wildlife watching.
Table 29. Wild Bird Observers and Days of Observation in Alaska by State Residents and Nonresidents: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Observers and days of observation
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
OBSERVERS
Total bird observers. .
512
100
159
100
352
100
Around-the-home observers. .
123
24
123
77
(X)
(X)
Away-from-home observers. .
432
84
79
50
352
100
DAYS
Total days observing birds. . .. .
15,917
100
14,496
100
1,421
100
Around the home. .
13,436
84
13,436
93
(X)
(X)
Away from home. .
2,481
16
1,060
7
1,421
100
(X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.36 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 30. Selected Characteristics of Alaska Residents Participating in Wildlife Watching: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Characteristic
Population
Participants
Total
Away from home
Around the home
Number
Percent
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent
Total persons. .
526
100
247
47
100
118
22
100
229
43
100
Population Density of Residence
Urban. .
348
66
155
44
63
85
25
72
138
40
60
Rural. .
178
34
92
52
37
*33
*18
*28
91
51
40
Population Size of Residence
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). .
426
81
178
42
72
92
22
78
160
38
70
1,000,000 or more. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
250,000 to 999,999. .
299
57
124
42
50
*62
*21
*52
114
38
50
50,000 to 249,999. .
127
24
*54
*42
*22
*30
*24
*26
*46
*36
*20
Outside MSA. .
100
19
*69
*69
*28
*26
*26
*22
*69
*69
*30
Sex
Male. .
281
53
122
43
49
*55
*20
*47
114
41
50
Female. .
245
47
125
51
51
*63
*26
*53
114
47
50
Age
16 to 17 years. .
*18
*3
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
18 to 24 years. .
36
7
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
25 to 34 years. .
110
21
*33
*30
*13
*33
*30
*28
...
...
...
35 to 44 years. .
126
24
*64
*51
*26
*33
*26
*28
*58
*46
*25
45 to 54 years. .
111
21
*59
*53
*24
*23
*21
*19
*56
*51
*25
55 to 64 years. .
82
16
*52
*63
*21
...
...
...
*52
*63
*23
65 years and older. .
43
8
*32
*74
*13
...
...
...
*32
*74
*14
65 to 74 years. .
33
6
*26
*77
*10
...
...
...
*26
*77
*11
75 and older. .
*10
*2
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Ethnicity
Hispanic. .
*28
*5
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Non-Hispanic. .
498
95
246
49
100
117
23
99
227
46
99
Race
White. .
372
71
206
55
83
92
25
78
194
52
85
African American. .
*22
*4
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
All others. .
132
25
*29
*22
*12
...
...
...
*26
*20
*12
Annual Household Income
Less than $20,000. .
*23
*4
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$20,000 to $29,999. .
*33
*6
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$30,000 to $39,999. .
58
11
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$40,000 to $49,999. .
*22
*4
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$50,000 to $74,999. .
112
21
*86
*76
*35
*28
*25
*24
*83
*74
*36
$75,000 to $99,999. .
89
17
*40
*46
*16
...
...
...
*39
*44
*17
$100,000 to $149,999. .
73
14
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$150,000 or more. .
37
7
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Not reported. .
80
15
*24
*29
*10
...
...
...
*22
*28
*10
Education
11 years or less. .
57
11
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
12 years. .
178
34
*72
*41
*29
*19
*11
*16
*69
*39
*30
1 to 3 years of college. .
140
27
*64
*46
*26
*43
*31
*36
*59
*42
*26
4 years or more of college .
152
29
101
67
41
*51
*34
*44
92
61
40
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. Percent who participated columns show the percent of each row’s population who participated in the activity named by the column (the percent of those living in urban areas who participated, etc.). Percent columns show the percent of each column’s participants who are described by the row heading (the percent of those who participated who live in urban areas, etc.).U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 37
Table 31. Expenditures in Alaska by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Wildlife Watching: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Expenditures (thousands
of dollars)
Average per participant
(dollars)1
Spenders
Number
(thousands)
Percent of wildlife-watching participants2
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Total, all items. . .
2,058,355
3,206
634
99
3,245
TRIP EXPENDITURES
Total, trip-related. .
1,970,345
3,952
492
99
4,004
Food and lodging. .
1,052,372
2,112
375
75
2,804
Food. .
355,492
713
347
70
1,024
Lodging. .
696,880
1,398
292
59
2,387
Transportation. .
559,450
1,120
390
78
1,434
Other trip costs3. .
358,522
719
352
71
1,019
EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES
Total. .
88,010
129
223
35
394
Wildlife-watching equipment, total. .
42,200
61
161
25
262
Binoculars, spotting scopes. .
...
...
...
...
...
Film and photo processing. .
...
...
...
...
...
Cameras, special lenses, video cameras, and other photographic
equipment, including memory cards. .
*13,899
*20
*39
*6
*359
Day packs, carrying cases, and special clothing. .
...
...
...
...
...
Bird food. .
7,425
12
83
13
90
Food for other wildlife. .
...
...
...
...
...
Nest boxes, bird houses, bird feeders, and bird baths. .
*934
*1
*34
*5
*27
Other equipment (including field guides). .
...
...
...
...
...
Auxiliary equipment4. .
*30,249
*45
*49
*8
*611
Special equipment5. .
...
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
*6,805
*10
*48
*7
*143
Land leasing and ownership. .
...
...
...
...
...
Plantings. .
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Percent of wildlife-watching participants column for trip-related expenditures is based on away-from-home participation. For equipment and other expenditures, the percent of
wildlife-watching participants column is based on total wildlife-watching participants.
3 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use and private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.
4 Includes tents, tarps, frame packs and other backpacking equipment, other camping equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.
5 Includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers,
recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.38 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 32. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Alaska for Wildlife Watching by Alaska Residents and Nonresidents: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average
per participant
(dollars)1
STATE RESIDENTS AND NONRESIDENTS
Total. .
2,049,830
593
3,456
3,194
Food and lodging. .
1,052,372
375
2,804
2,112
Transportation. .
559,450
390
1,434
1,120
Other trip costs2. .
358,522
352
1,019
719
Equipment3. .
79,485
177
448
117
STATE RESIDENTS
Total. .
118,476
158
751
479
Food and lodging. .
16,525
75
220
160
Transportation. .
22,405
90
248
206
Other trip costs2. .
*4,897
*50
*97
*47
Equipment3. .
74,649
125
596
304
NONRESIDENTS
Total. .
1,931,354
435
4,435
4,881
Food and lodging. .
1,035,847
300
3,451
2,624
Transportation. .
537,046
300
1,792
1,360
Other trip costs2. .
*353,625
*301
*1,174
*896
Equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use, private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.
3 Includes wildlife-watching auxiliary and special equipment.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Table 33 for detailed listed of expenditure items.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 39
Table 33. Wildlife-Watching Expenditures Both Inside and Outside Alaska by Alaska Residents: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Expenditures (thousands
of dollars)
Average per
participant
(dollars)1
Spenders
Number
(thousands)
Percent of
wildlife-watching participants2
Average per spender (dollars)1
Total, all items. . .
144,228
585
161
65
897
TRIP EXPENDITURES
Total, trip-related. .
51,579
437
100
84
518
Food and lodging. .
18,674
158
81
69
230
Food. .
12,226
104
81
69
151
Lodging. .
*6,448
*55
*40
*33
*163
Transportation. .
24,138
204
92
78
262
Other trip costs3. .
*8,767
*74
*55
*47
*159
EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES
Total. .
92,649
375
133
54
698
Wildlife-watching equipment, total. .
47,768
194
122
50
390
Binoculars, spotting scopes. .
...
...
...
...
...
Film and photo processing. .
...
...
...
...
...
Cameras, special lenses, video cameras, and other
photographic equipment, including memory cards. .
*19,050
*77
*39
*16
*486
Day packs, carrying cases, and special clothing. .
*8,023
*33
*29
*12
*273
Bird food. .
7,425
30
83
34
90
Food for other wildlife. .
...
...
...
...
...
Nest boxes, bird houses, bird feeders, and bird baths. .
*1,085
*4
*36
*15
*30
Other equipment. .
...
...
...
...
...
Auxiliary equipment4. .
*29,893
*121
*38
*15
*795
Special equipment5. .
...
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
*6,767
*27
*30
*12
*224
Land leasing and ownership. .
...
...
...
...
...
Plantings. .
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Percent of wildlife-watching participants column for trip-related expenditures is based on away-from-home participation. For equipment and other expenditures, the percent of
wildlife-watching participants column is based on total wildlife-watching participants.
3 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use and private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.
4 Includes tents, tarps, frame packs and other backpacking equipment, other camping equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.
5 Includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers,
recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.40 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 35. Participation of Alaska Resident Wildlife-Watching Participants in Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Participants
Total wildlife watchers
Wildife-watching activity
Away from home
Around the home
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total participants. .
247
100
118
100
229
100
Wildlife-watching participants who:
Did not fish or hunt. .
102
41
42
36
102
44
Fished or hunted. .
145
59
76
64
127
56
Fished. .
132
53
65
55
120
52
Hunted. .
66
27
*36
*31
58
25
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
Table 34. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by Alaska Residents for Wildlife Watching: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure Item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average
per participant
(dollars)1
IN ALASKA
Expenditures for wildlife watching, total2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
126,351
159
794
515
Trip-related expenditures3. .
.. 43,827
98
447
423
Wildlife-watching equipment4. .
38,554
121
319
157
Auxiliary equipment5. .
*29,060
*38
*773
*118
Special equipment6. .
...
...
...
...
Other7. .
*7,875
*31
*254
*32
OUT OF STATE
Expenditures for wildlife watching, total2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*17,233
*30
*579
...
Trip-related expenditures3. .
.. ...
...
...
...
Wildlife-watching equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
Auxiliary equipment5. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment6. .
...
...
...
...
Other7. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Information on trip-related expenditures was collected for away-from-home participants only. Equipment and other expenditures are based on information collected from both
away-from-home and around-the-home participants.
3 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use and private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.
4 Includes binoculars, spotting scopes, cameras, special lenses, videocameras, other photography equipment, memory cards, film and photo processing, commercially prepared and
packaged wild bird food, other bulk food used to feed wild birds, food used to feed other wildlife, nest boxes, bird houses, feeders, baths, and other wildife-watching equipment.
5 Includes tents, tarps, frame packs and other backpacking equipment, other camping equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.
6 Includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers,
recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
7 Includes magazines, books, DVDs, membership dues and contributions, and land leasing and ownership.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 41
Table 36. Participation of Alaska Resident Sportspersons in Wildlife-Watching Activities: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Sportspersons
Sportspersons
Anglers
Hunters
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total sportspersons. .
235
100
211
100
106
100
Sportspersons who:
Did not engage in wildlife-watching activities. .
90
38
80
38
*40
*38
Engaged in wildlife-watching activities. .
145
62
132
62
66
62
A
way from home. .
76
32
65
31
*36
*34
Around the home. .
127
54
120
57
58
55
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
State reports for previous Surveys included tables that had estimates for all fifty states. In order to expedite release of the 2011 Alaska State report, state estimates have been deleted. To find state estimates other than Alaska, go to http://wsfrprograms.fws.gov/Subpages/NationalSurvey/reports2011.html.
State reports are being released alphabetically, beginning in early 2013.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 43
Appendix A
44 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Annual household income—Total 2011 income of household members before taxes and other deductions.
Around-the-home wildlife watching—Activity within 1 mile of home with one of six primary purposes: (1) taking special interest in or trying to identify birds or other wildlife; (2) photographing wildlife; (3) feeding birds or other wildlife; (4) maintaining natural areas of at least one-quarter acre for the benefit of wildlife; (5) maintaining plantings (such as shrubs and agricultural crops) for the benefit of wildlife; and (6) visiting parks and natural areas to observe, photograph, or feed wildlife.
Auxiliary equipment—Equipment owned primarily for wildlife-associated recreation. For the sportspersons section, these include sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing and hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and repair of equipment, and processing and taxidermy costs. For the wildlife-watching section, these include tents, tarps, frame packs, backpacking and other camping equipment, and blinds. For both sportspersons and wildlife watchers, it also includes electronic auxiliary equipment such as Global Positioning Systems.
Away-from-home wildlife watching—Trips or outings at least 1 mile from home for the primary purpose of observing, photographing, or feeding wildlife. Trips to zoos, circuses, aquar­iums, and museums are not included.
Big game—Bear, deer, elk, moose, wild turkey, and similar large animals that are hunted.
Census Divisions
East North Central
Illinois
Indiana
Michigan
Ohio
Wisconsin
East South Central
Alabama
Kentucky
Mississippi
Tennessee
Middle Atlantic
New Jersey
New York
Pennsylvania
Mountain
Arizona
Colorado
Idaho
Montana
Nevada
New Mexico
Utah
Wyoming
New England
Connecticut
Maine
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Vermont
Pacific
Alaska
California
Hawaii
Oregon
Washington
South Atlantic
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Maryland
North Carolina
South Carolina
Virginia
West Virginia
West North Central
Kansas
Iowa
Minnesota
Missouri
Nebraska
North Dakota
South Dakota
West South Central
Arkansas
Louisiana
Oklahoma
Texas
Day—Any part of a day spent partici­pating in a given activity. For example, if someone hunted two hours one day and three hours another day, it would be reported as two days of hunting. If someone hunted two hours in the morning and three hours in the after­noon of the same day, it would be considered one day of hunting.
Education—The highest completed grade of school or year of college.
Expenditures—Money spent in 2011 for wildlife-related recreation trips in the United States, wildlife-related recreational equipment purchased in the United States, and other items. The “other items” were books, magazines, and DVDs; membership dues and contributions, land leasing or owning; hunting and fishing licenses; and plant­ings, all for the purpose of wildlife-related recreation. Expenditures included both money spent by partici­pants for themselves and the value of gifts they received.
Appendix A.
DefinitionsU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska 45
Fishing—The sport of catching or attempting to catch fish with a hook and line, bow and arrow, or spear; it also includes catching or gathering shellfish (clams, crabs, etc.); and the noncommercial seining or netting of fish, unless the fish are for use as bait. For example, seining for smelt is fishing, but seining for bait minnows is not included as fishing.
Fishing equipment—Items owned primarily for fishing:
Rods, reels, poles, and rodmaking components
Lines and leaders
Artificial lures, flies, baits, and dressing for flies or lines
Hooks, sinkers, swivels, and other items attached to a line, except lures and baits
Tackle boxes
Creels, stringers, fish bags, landing nets, and gaff hooks
Minnow traps, seines, and bait containers
Depth finders, fish finders, and other electronic fishing devices
Ice fishing equipment
Other fishing equipment
Freshwater—Reservoirs, lakes, ponds, and the nontidal portions of rivers and streams.
Great Lakes fishing—Fishing in Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron, St. Clair, Erie, and Ontario, their connecting waters such as the St. Mary’s River system, Detroit River, St. Clair River, and the Niagara River, and the St. Lawrence River south of the bridge at Cornwall, New York. Great Lakes fishing includes fishing in tributaries of the Great Lakes for smelt, steelhead, and salmon.
Home—The starting point of a wild­life-related recreational trip. It may be a permanent residence or a temporary or seasonal residence such as a cabin.
Hunting—The sport of shooting or attempting to shoot wildlife with fire­arms or archery equipment.
Hunting equipment—Items owned primarily for hunting:
Rifles, shotguns, muzzleloaders, and handguns
Archery equipment
Telescopic sights
Decoys and game calls
Ammunition
Hand loading equipment
Hunting dogs and associated costs
Other hunting equipment
Land leasing and owning—Leasing or owning land either singly or in cooperation with others for the primary purpose of fishing, hunting, or wildlife watching on it.
Maintain natural areas—To set aside 1/4 acre or more of natural environ­ment, such as wood lots or open fields, for the primary purpose of benefiting wildlife.
Maintain plantings—To introduce or encourage the growth of food and cover plants for the primary purpose of benefiting wildlife.
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)—A Metropolitan Statis­tical Area is a grouping of one or more counties or equivalent entities that contain at least one urbanized area of 50,000 or more inhabitants. The “Outside MSA” classification include census-defined Micropolitan Statistical Areas (or Micro areas). A Micro area is defined as a grouping of one or more counties or equivalent entities that contain at least one urban cluster of at least 10,000 but less than 50,000 inhab­itants. Refer to <www.census.gov
/population/metro/about/>, for a more detailed definition of the Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Migratory birds—Birds that regularly migrate from one region or climate to another such as ducks, geese, and doves and other birds that may be hunted.
Multiple responses—The term used to reflect the fact that individuals or their characteristics fall into more than one reporting category. An example of a big game hunter who hunted for deer and elk demonstrates the effect of multiple responses. In this case, adding the number of deer hunters (one) and elk hunters (one) would overstate the number of big game hunters (one) because deer and elk hunters are not mutually exclusive categories. In contrast, for example, total participants is the sum of male and female partici­pants, because “male” and “female” are mutually exclusive categories.
Nonresidents—Individuals who do not live in the State being reported. For example, a person living in Texas who watches whales in California is a nonresidential wildlife-watcher in California.
Nonresponse—A term used to reflect the fact that some Survey respondents provide incomplete sets of informa­tion. For example, a Survey respondent may have been unable to identify the primary type of hunting for which a gun was bought. Total hunting expen­diture estimates will include the gun purchase, but it will not appear as spending for big game or any other type of hunting. Nonresponses result in reported totals that are greater than the sum of their parts.
Observe—To take special interest in or try to identify birds, fish or other wildlife.
Other animals—Coyotes, crows, foxes, groundhogs, prairie dogs, raccoons, alligators, and similar animals that can be legally hunted and are not classified as big game, small game, or migratory birds. They may be classified as unprotected or preda­tory animals by the State in which they are hunted. Feral pigs are classified as “other animals” in all States except Hawaii, where they are considered big game.
Participants—Individuals who engage in fishing, hunting, or a wildlife-watching activity. Unless otherwise stated, a person has to have hunted, fished, or wildlife watched in 2011 to be considered a participant.
Plantings—See “Maintain plantings.”
Primary purpose—The principal motivation for an activity, trip, or expenditure.
Private land—Land owned by a busi­ness, nongovernmental organization, private individual, or a group of indi­viduals such as an association or club.
Public land—Land that is owned by local governments (such as county parks and municipal watersheds),
46 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Alaska U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
State governments (such as State parks and wildlife management areas), or the federal government (such as National Forests, Recreational Areas, and Wild­life Refuges).
Residents—Individuals who lived in the State being reported. For example, a person who lives in California and watches whales in California is a resi­dential wildlife watcher in California.
Rural—All territory, population, and housing units located outside of urban­ized areas and urban clusters, as deter­mined by the U.S. Census Bureau.
Saltwater—Oceans, tidal bays and sounds, and the tidal portions of rivers and streams.
Screening interviews—The first Survey contact with a sample house­hold. Screening interviews are conducted with a household repre­sentative to identify respondents who are eligible for in-depth interviews. Screening interviews gather data such as age and sex about individuals in the households. Further information on screening interviews is available on page vii in the “Survey Background and Method” section of this report.
Small game—Grouse, pheasants, quail, rabbits, squirrels, and similar small animals for which States have small game seasons and bag limits.
Special equipment—Big-ticket equip­ment items that are owned primarily for wildlife-related recreation:
Bass boats
Other types of motor boats
Canoes and other types of nonmotor boats
Boat motors, boat trailer/hitches, and other boat accessories
Pickups, campers, vans, travel or tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs)
Cabins
Off-the-road vehicles such as trail bikes, all terrain vehicles (ATVs), dune buggies, four-wheelers, 4x4 vehicles, and snowmobiles
Other special equipment
Spenders—Individuals who spent money on fishing, hunting, or wildlife-watching activities or equipment and also participated in those activities.
Sportspersons—Individuals who engaged in fishing, hunting, or both.
Trip—An outing involving fishing, hunting, or wildlife watching. A