2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation Arkansas

              U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated RecreationArkansasBaitU.S. Department of the Interior
Ken Salazar,
Secretary
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Dan Ashe,
Director
U.S. Department of Commerce
Rebecca M. Blank,
Acting Secretary
Economics and Statistics Administration
Vacant,
Under Secretary for Economic Affairs
U.S. CENSUS BUREAU
Thomas L. Mesenbourg,
Acting Director
FHW/11-AR
Issued February 2013
2011 National Survey of
Fishing, Hunting, and
Wildlife-Associated Recreation
Bait
Arkansas
The U.S. Department of the Interior protects and manages the Nation’s natural resources and cultural heritage; provides scientific and other information about those resources; and honors its trust responsi­bilities or special commitments to American Indians, Alaska Natives, and affiliated Island Communities.
The mission of the Department’s U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is working with others to conserve, protect, and enhance fish, wildlife, and their habitats for the continuing benefit of the American people. The Service is responsible for national programs of vital importance to our natural resources, including administration of the Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration Programs. These two programs provide finan­cial assistance to the States for projects to enhance and protect fish and wildlife resources and to assure their availability to the public for recreational purposes. Multistate grants from these programs fund the National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation.
Suggested Citation
U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau. 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Dan Ashe,
Director
U.S. CENSUS BUREAU
Thomas L. Mesenbourg,
Acting Director
Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration
Hannibal Bolton,
Assistant Director
U.S. Department of the Interior
Ken Salazar,
Secretary
Economics and Statistics
Administration
Vacant,
Under Secretary for
Economic AffairsU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas iii
Contents
List of Tables. . iv
Foreword. . vi
Survey Background and Method. . vii
Highlights
Introduction. . 2
Summary. . 4
Wildlife-Related Recreation. . 5
Sportspersons. . 6
Anglers. . 7
Hunters. . 9
Wildlife Watchers. . 11
2001–2011 Comparison. . 13
Tables
Guide to Statistical Tables. . 16
Fishing and Hunting Tables. . 17
Wildlife-Watching Tables. . 33
Appendixes
A. Definitions. . 44
B. 2010 Participation of 6- to 15-Year-Olds: Data From Screening Interviews. . 48
C. Significant Methodological Changes From Previous Surveys and Regional Trends. . 54
D. Sample Design and Statistical Accuracy. . 64iv 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
List of Tables
Fishing and Hunting
1. Fishing and Hunting in Arkansas by Resident and Nonresident Sportspersons: 2011. . 17
2. Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in Arkansas by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 17
3. Anglers and Hunters, Trips, and Days of Participation: 2011. . 18
4. Arkansas Resident Anglers and Hunters by Place Fished or Hunted: 2011. . .. 18
5. Arkansas Resident Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in the United States
by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 18
6. Freshwater Anglers, Trips, Days of Fishing, and Type of Water Fished: 2011. . 19
7. Freshwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in Arkansas by Type of Fish: 2011. . 19
8. Great Lakes Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in Arkansas: 2011. . 20
9. Great Lakes Anglers and Days of Fishing in Arkansas by Type of Fish: 2011. . 20
10. Saltwater Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in Arkansas: 2011. . 21
11. Saltwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in Arkansas by Type of Fish: 2011. . 21
12. Hunters, Trips, and Days of Hunting in Arkansas by Type of Hunting: 2011. . 22
13. Hunters and Days of Hunting in Arkansas by Type of Game: 2011. . 22
14. Hunters and Days of Hunting in Arkansas by Type of Land: 2011. . 23
15. Selected Characteristics of Arkansas Resident Anglers and Hunters: 2011. . 24
16. Summary of Expenditures in Arkansas by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined
for Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 25
17. Summary of Fishing Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Arkansas by State Residents and
Nonresidents Combined by Type of Fishing: 2011. . 26
18. Summary of Hunting Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Arkansas by State Residents and
Nonresidents Combined by Type of Hunting: 2011. . 27
19. Expenditures in Arkansas by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Fishing: 2011. . 28
20. Expenditures in Arkansas by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Hunting: 2011. . 29
21. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Arkansas for Fishing and Hunting by Arkansas Residents
and Nonresidents: 2011. . 30
22. Summary of Arkansas Residents’ Fishing and Hunting Expenditures Both Inside and
Outside Arkansas: 2011. . 31
23. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by Arkansas Residents for Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 32
Wildlife Watching
24. Wildlife Watching in Arkansas by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined: 2011. . 33
25. Participants, Trips, and Days of Participation in Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching in Arkansas: 2011. . 33
26. Away-From-Home Wildlife-Watching Participants by Wildlife Observed, Photographed,
or Fed in Arkansas: 2011. . 34
27. Participation in Wildlife-Watching Activities Around the Home in Arkansas: 2011. . 34
28. Arkansas Residents Participating in Wildlife Watching in the United States: 2011. . 35
29. Wild Bird Observers and Days of Observation in Arkansas by State Residents and Nonresidents: 2011. . 35U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas v
30. Selected Characteristics of Arkansas Residents Participating inWildlife Watching: 2011. . 36
31. Expenditures in Arkansas by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Wildlife Watching: 2011. . 37
32. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Arkansas for Wildlife Watching by Arkansas Residents and Nonresidents: 2011. . 38
33. Wildlife-Watching Expenditures Both Inside and Outside Arkansas by Arkansas Residents: 2011. . 39
34. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by Arkansas Residents for Wildlife Watching: 2011. . 40
35. Participation of Arkansas Resident Wildlife-Watching Participants in Fishing and Hunting: 2011. . 40
36. Participation of Arkansas Resident Sportspersons in Wildlife-Watching Activities: 2011. . 41vi 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
When I was growing up, it was taken as a matter of faith that kids belonged outside. I grew up with 4 brothers, and during those long, hot Atlanta summers, it was common for our mom to holler, “You boys get outside, and don’t come back ‘til it’s dark.” It never occurred to me or my brothers to do anything else in our spare time but explore the world around us. The truth is, we had little else to do. But those experiences – waking up on frosty mornings and starting the campfire, scanning trees for a shot at a scampering gray squirrel in the dawn light, scouring creek beds for crawdads and other fishing bait, or simply of the fun we had tramping through the forest – shaped who I am, and drew me to a career in conserva­tion.
That’s why I’m excited by this 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation. This report, the 12th in a series that began in 1955, documents a significant resurgence in the number of people embracing America’s Great Outdoors.
Hunting participation has increased by 9 percent, while angling participation grew by 11 percent. Nearly 38 percent of Americans participated in wildlife-related recreation, an increase of 2.6 million participants from the 2006 Survey.
In addition, wildlife-related recre­ation is a major driver of the nation’s economy. The 2011 Survey estimates that Americans spent $145 billion on related gear, trips, licenses, land acqui­sition or leases, and other purchases, representing about one percent of the nation’s gross domestic product. This spending creates thousands of jobs, supports countless local communities and provides vital funding for conser­vation.
This year marks the 75th anniversary of the Wildlife and Sport Fish Restora­tion Program, a cornerstone of wildlife conservation in the United States. Through excise taxes on firearms, ammunition, archery and angling equipment, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has distributed over $14 billion for State and territorial wildlife conser­vation programs.
This report would not have been possible without the combined efforts of state wildlife agencies – which provided financial support through the Multi-State Conservation Grant Programs – the Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies and a number of major national conservation organiza­tions. We also owe our gratitude to the thousands of survey respondents from households across America. Because
of you, this Survey is the nation’s definitive wildlife-related recreation database and information source concerning participation and purchases associated with hunting, fishing and other forms of wildlife-associated recreation nationwide.
The Fish and Wildlife Service is dedi­cated to connecting people and families with nature. We are proud to celebrate the good news in this report, and we look forward to continuing progress as we work with the States, and all our partners and the public to help keep recreational fishing, hunting, and wildlife watching growing and going strong.
Dan Ashe
Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
ForewordU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas vii
Survey Background and Method
The National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation (Survey) has been conducted since 1955 and is one of the oldest and most comprehensive continuing recreation surveys. The Survey collects information on the number of anglers, hunters, and wild­life watchers, how often they partici­pate, and how much they spend on their activities in the United States.
Preparations for the 2011 Survey began in 2008 when the Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (AFWA) asked the Fish and Wildlife Service to coordinate the twelfth National Survey of wildlife-related recreation. Funding came from the Multistate Conservation Grant Programs, authorized by Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration Acts, as amended.
Four regional technical committees were set up under the auspices of AFWA to ensure that State fish and wildlife agencies had an opportunity to participate in all phases of survey plan­ning and design. The committees were made up of agency representatives.
We consulted with State and Federal agencies and nongovernmental organizations such as the American Sportfishing Association and National Shooting Sports Foundation to deter­mine survey content. Other sportsper­sons’ organizations and conservation groups, industry representatives, and researchers also provided valuable advice.
Data collection for the Survey was carried out in two phases by the U.S. Census Bureau. The first phase was the screen which began in April 2011. During the screening phase, the Census Bureau interviewed a sample of 48,600 households nationwide, to determine who in the household had fished, hunted, or wildlife watched in 2010, and who had engaged or planned to engage in those activities in 2011. In most cases, one adult household member provided information for all members. The screen primarily covered 2010 activities while the next, more in-depth phase covered 2011 activities. For more information on the 2010 data, refer to Appendix B.
The second phase of data collection consisted of three detailed interview waves. The first wave began in April 2011 concurrent with the screen, the second in September 2011, and the last in January 2012. Interviews were conducted with samples of likely anglers, hunters, and wildlife watchers who were identified in the initial screening phase. Interviews were conducted primarily by telephone, with in-person interviews for respondents who could not be reached by phone. Respondents in the second survey phase were limited to those who were at least 16 years old. Each respondent provided information pertaining only to his or her activities and expendi­tures. Sample sizes were designed to provide statistically reliable results at the state level. Altogether, interviews were completed for 11,330 anglers and hunters and 9,329 wildlife watchers. More detailed information on sampling procedures and response rates is found in Appendix D.
Comparability With
Previous Surveys
The 2011 Survey’s questions and methodology were similar to those used in the 2006, 2001, 1996, and 1991 Surveys. Therefore, the estimates are comparable.
The methodology for these Surveys differs significantly from the 1955 to 1985 Surveys, so these estimates are not directly comparable to those of earlier surveys. Changes in meth­odology included reducing the recall period over which respondents had to report their activities and expenditures. Previous Surveys used a 12-month recall period which resulted in greater reporting bias. Research found that the amount of activity and expenditures reported in 12-month recall surveys was overestimated in comparison with that reported using shorter recall periods.Highlights
2 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
The National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation reports results from inter­views with U.S. residents about their fishing, hunting, and wildlife watching. This report focuses on 2011 participa­tion and expenditures of persons 16 years of age and older.
The Survey is a snapshot of one year. The information it collected tells us how many people participated and how much they spent on their activi­ties in the State in 2011. It does not tell us how many anglers, hunters, and wildlife watchers there were because many do not participate every year. For example, based on information collected in the Survey’s household screen phase, we can estimate that about 51 percent more anglers and 44 percent more hunters participated nationally in at least 1 of the 5 years prior to the screen survey year 2010.
In addition to 2011 estimates, we also provide trend information in the High­lights section and Appendix C of the report. The 2011 numbers reported can be compared with those in the 1991, 1996, 2001, and 2006 Survey reports because they used similar methodolo­gies. The 2011 estimates should not be directly compared with results from Surveys conducted prior to 1991 because of changes in methodology to improve accuracy.
The report also provides information on participation in wildlife recreation in 2010, particularly of persons 6 to 15 years of age. The 2010 information is provided in Appendix B. Information about the Survey’s scope and coverage is in Appendix D. The remainder of this section defines important terms used in the Survey.
This report does not provide infor­mation about the State’s wildlife resources. That, and additional infor­mation on wildlife-related recreation, may be obtained from State fish and wildlife agencies. The Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies can provide the addresses and telephone numbers of those agencies. The Association’s website is www.fishwildlife.org.
Additionally, this report does not provide information about the State’s number of licensed anglers and hunters. Historical license data can be found at wsfrprograms.fws.gov.
Wildlife-Related Recreation
Wildlife-related recreation is fishing, hunting, and wildlife-watching activi­ties. These categories are not mutually exclusive because many individuals participated in more than one activity. Wildlife-related recreation is reported in two major categories: (1) fishing and hunting, and (2) wildlife watching, which includes observing, photo­graphing, and feeding fish or wildlife.
Fishing and Hunting
This Survey reports information about residents of the United States who fished or hunted in 2011, regardless of whether they were licensed. The fishing and hunting sections report information for three groups: (1) sportspersons, (2) anglers, and (3) hunters.
Sportspersons
Sportspersons are those who fished or hunted. Individuals who fished or hunted commercially in 2011 are reported as sportspersons only if they also fished or hunted for recreation. The sportspersons group is composed of the three subgroups shown in the diagram below: (1) those that fished and hunted, (2) those that only fished, and (3) those that only hunted.
The total number of sportspersons is equal to the sum of people who only fished, only hunted, and both hunted and fished. It is not the sum of all anglers and all hunters because those people who both fished and hunted are included in both the angler and hunter population and would be incorrectly counted twice.
Anglers
Anglers are sportspersons who only fished plus those who fished and hunted. Anglers include not only licensed hook and line anglers, but also those who have no license and those who use special methods such as fishing with spears. Three types of fishing are reported: (1) freshwater, excluding the Great Lakes, (2) Great Lakes, and (3) saltwater. Since many anglers participated in more than one type of fishing, the total number of anglers is less than the sum of the three types of fishing.
SportspersonsAnglersHuntersFished onlyFishedandhuntedHuntedonly
IntroductionU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 3
Hunters
Hunters are sportspersons who only hunted plus those who hunted and fished. Hunters include not only licensed hunters using rifles and shotguns, but also those who have no license and those who engage in hunting with archery equipment, muzzleloaders, other primitive firearms, or pistols or handguns.
Four types of hunting are reported:
(1) big game, (2) small game,
(3) migratory bird, and (4) other animals. Since many hunters partici­pated in more than one type of hunting, the sum of hunters for big game, small game, migratory bird, and other animals exceeds the total number of hunters.
Wildlife Watchers
Since 1980, the National Survey has included information on wildlife-watching activities in addition to fishing and hunting. However, unlike the 1980 and 1985 Surveys, the National Surveys since 1991 have collected data only for those activities where the primary purpose was wildlife watching (observing, photographing, or feeding wildlife).
The 2011 Survey uses a strict definition of wildlife watching. Participants must either take a “special interest” in wild­life around their homes or take a trip for the “primary purpose” of wildlife watching. Secondary wildlife watching, such as incidentally observing wildlife while pleasure driving, is not included.
Two types of wildlife-watching activity are reported: (1) away-from-home (formerly nonresidential) activities and (2) around-the-home (formerly residen­tial) activities. Because some people participated in more than one type of wildlife watching, the sum of partici­pants in each type will be greater than the total number of wildlife watchers. Only those engaged in activities whose primary purpose was wildlife watching are included in the Survey. The two types of wildlife-watching activity are defined below.
Away-From-Home
This group includes persons who took trips or outings of at least 1 mile from home for the primary purpose of observing, feeding, or photographing fish and wildlife. Trips to fish or hunt or scout and trips to zoos, circuses, aquar­iums, and museums are not considered wildlife-watching activities.
Around-The-Home
This group includes those who participated within 1 mile of home and involves one or more of the following: (1) closely observing or trying to iden­tify birds or other wildlife; (2) photo­graphing wildlife; (3) feeding birds or other wildlife; (4) maintaining natural areas of at least 1/4 acre where benefit to wildlife is the primary concern;
(5) maintaining plantings (shrubs,
agricultural crops, etc.) where benefit
to wildlife is the primary concern; or
(6) visiting parks and natural areas within 1 mile of home for the primary purpose of observing, feeding, or photographing wildlife.4 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Fishing
Anglers. . 555,000
Days of fishing. . 15,662,000
Average days per angler. . 28
Total expenditures. . $495,584,000
Trip-related. . $339,640,000
Equipment and other. . $155,944,000
Average per angler. . $846
Average trip expenditure per day. . $22
Hunting
Hunters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363,000
Days of hunting. . 10,967,000
Average days per hunter. . 30
Total expenditures. . $1,018,793,000
Trip-related. . $317,150,000
Equipment and other. . $701,643,000
Average per hunter. . $2,792
Average trip expenditure per day. . $29
Wildlife Watching
Total wildlife-watching participants. . 852,000
Away-from-home participants. . 137,000
Around-the-home participants. . 820,000
Days of participation away from home. . 1,427,000
Average days of participation
away from home. . 10
Total expenditures. . $216,074,000
Trip-related. . $34,520,000
Equipment and other. . $181,554,000
Average per participant. . $253
Average trip expenditure per day. . $24
Activities in Arkansas by Residents and Nonresidents
Activities by Arkansas Residents Both Inside and Outside Arkansas
Fishing
Anglers. . 467,000
Days of fishing. . 15,135,000
Average days per angler. . 32
Total expenditures. . $427,997,000
Trip-related. . $299,027,000
Equipment and other. . $128,970,000
Average per angler. . $917
Average trip expenditure per day. . $20
Hunting
Hunters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320,000
Days of hunting. . 10,689,000
Average days per hunter. . 33
Total expenditures. . $947,623,000
Trip-related. . $261,296,000
Equipment and other. . $686,327,000
Average per hunter. . $2,964
Average trip expenditure per day. . $24
Wildlife Watching
Total wildlife-watching participants. . 828,000
Away-from-home participants. . 120,000
Around-the-home participants. . 820,000
Days of participation away from home. . 1,411,000
Average days of participation
away from home. . 12
Total expenditures. . $219,055,000
Trip-related. . $24,866,000
Equipment and other. . $194,189,000
Average per participant. . $265
Average trip expenditure per day. . $18
2011 Arkansas SummaryU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 5
Wildlife-Related Recreation
Participation in Arkansas
The 2011 Survey found that 1.3 million Arkansas residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older fished, hunted, or wildlife watched in Arkansas. Of the total number of participants, 555 thou­sand fished, 363 thousand hunted, and 852 thousand participated in wildlife-watching activities, which includes observing, feeding, and photographing wildlife. The sum of anglers, hunters, and wildlife watchers exceeds the total number of participants in wildlife-related recreation because many of the individ­uals engaged in more than one wildlife-related activity.
Participation in 2011 by 6- to 15-Year-Old Arkansas Residents
The focus of the National Survey is on the activity of participants 16 years old and older. However, the activity of 6- to 15-year-olds can be calculated using the screening data covering the year 2010. It is assumed for estimation purposes that the proportion of 6- to 15-year-old participants to participants 16 years old and older remained the same in 2010 and 2011. Based on this assumption, in addi­tion to the 467 thousand resident anglers 16 years old or older in Arkansas, there were 112 thousand resident anglers 6 to 15 years old. Also, there were 320 thou­sand Arkansans 16 years old and older and 62 thousand Arkansans 6 to 15 years old who hunted. Finally, there were 828 thousand Arkansans 16 years old and older and 108 thousand Arkansans 6 to 15 years old who wildlife watched. Information on 2010 data for 6- to 15-year-olds is provided in Appendix B.
Expenditures in Arkansas
In 2011, state residents and nonresidents spent $1.8 billion on wildlife recreation in Arkansas. Of that total, trip-related expenditures were $691 million and equipment expenditures totaled $810 million. The remaining $274 million was spent on licenses, contributions, land ownership and leasing, and other items.
Participants in Wildlife-Related Recreation in Arkansas: 2011
(U.S. residents 16 years old and older)
Total. . 1.3 million
.
Sportspersons
Total. . 696 thousand
Anglers. . 555 thousand
Hunters. . 363 thousand
.
Wildlife Watchers
Total. . 852 thousand
Away from home. . 137 thousand
Around the home. . 820 thousand
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Tables 1 and 24.
Percent of Total Participantsby Activity(Total: 1.3 million participants)Wildlife WatchingHuntingFishing 42%27%64%Wildlife-RelatedRecreation Expenditures in Arkansas(Total: $1.8 billion)Trip-related 38%Equipment46%Other15%Percent of Total Residential Participants 6 to 15 Years Old by Activity: 2010(Total: 174 thousand participants)Wildlife WatchingHuntingFishing 89%35%64%6 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Sportspersons
In 2011, 696 thousand state resident and nonresident sportspersons 16 years old and older fished or hunted in Arkansas. This group was comprised of 555 thousand anglers (80 percent of all sportspersons) and 363 thousand hunters (52 percent of all sportspersons). Among the 696 thousand sportspersons who fished or hunted in the state, 333 thousand (48 percent) fished but did not hunt in Arkansas. Another 141 thousand (20 percent) hunted but did not fish there. The remaining 222 thousand (32 percent) fished and hunted in Arkansas in 2011.
Sportspersons’ Participation in Arkansas
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Sportspersons (fished or hunted). . 696 thousand
.
Anglers. . 555 thousand
Fished only. . 333 thousand
Fished and hunted. . 222 thousand
.
Hunters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363 thousand
Hunted only. . 141 thousand
Hunted and fished. . 222 thousand
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 1.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 7
Anglers
Participants and Days of Fishing
In 2011, 555 thousand state residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older fished in Arkansas. Of this total, 458 thousand anglers (83 percent) were state residents and 97 thousand anglers (17 percent) were nonresidents. Anglers fished a total of 15.7 million days in Arkansas—an average of 28 days per angler. State residents fished 15.1 million days—96 percent of all fishing days in Arkansas. Nonresidents fished 607 thousand days in Arkansas—4 percent of all fishing days in the state.
A large majority of Arkansas residents who fished anywhere in the United States did so in their resident state. There were 467 thousand Arkansas residents 16 years old and older who fished in the United States in 2011 for a total of 15.1 million days. An estimated 98 percent of all Arkansas residents who fished did so in their home state. Of all fishing days by Arkansas residents, 99 percent or 15.1 million were in their home state.
For further details about fishing in Arkansas, see Table 3.
Anglers in Arkansas
(States residents and nonresidents16 years old and older)
Anglers. . 555 thousand
Residents. . 458 thousand
Nonresidents. . 97 thousand
.
Days of fishing. . 15.7 million
Residents. . 15.1 million
Nonresidents. . 607 thousand
Source: Table 3.
In State/Out of State
(State residents 16 years old and older)
Arkansas anglers. . .. 467 thousand
In Arkansas. . 458 thousand
In other states. . ...
.
Days of fishing. . 15.1 million
In Arkansas. . 15.1 million
In other states. . ...
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 3. 8 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Fishing Expenditures in Arkansas
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total. . $496 million
Trip-related. . $340 million
Equipment. . $142 million
Fishing. . $46 million
Auxiliary and special. . $97 million
Other. . $14 million
Source: Table 19.
Fishing Expenditures in Arkansas
All fishing-related expenditures in Arkansas totaled $496 million in 2011. Trip-related expenditures, including food and lodging, transportation, and other expenses totaled $340 million—69 percent of all fishing expenditures. Expenditures for food and lodging were $153 million and transportation expenditures were $117 million. Other trip expenses, such as equipment rental, bait, and cooking fuel, totaled $69 million. Each angler spent an average of $612 on trip-related costs during 2011.
Anglers spent $142 million on equip­ment in Arkansas in 2011, 29 percent of all fishing expenditures. Fishing equip­ment (rods, reels, lines, etc.) spending totaled $46 million—32 percent of the equipment total. Auxiliary equipment expenditures (tents, special fishing clothing, etc.) and special equip­ment expenditures (boats, vans, etc.) amounted to $97 million—68 percent of the equipment total. Expenditures classified as special and auxiliary equipment are on items that were purchased for fishing but could be used in activities other than fishing.
The purchase of other items, such as magazines, membership dues, licenses, permits, stamps, and land leasing and ownership, amounted to $14 million—3 percent of all fishing expenditures. For more details about fishing expendi­tures in Arkansas, see Tables 19 and 21 through 23.
Fishing Expenditures in Arkansas(Total: $496 million)Equipment 29%Trip-related69%Other3%Percent of Anglers by Residence(Total: 555 thousand participants)NonresidentsResidents83%17%U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 9
Hunters
Participants and Days of Hunting
In 2011, there were 363 thousand residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older who hunted in Arkansas. Resident hunters numbered 316 thousand, accounting for 87 percent of the hunters in Arkansas. Residents and nonresidents hunted 11.0 million days in 2011, an average of 30 days per hunter. Residents hunted 10.0 million days in Arkansas or 91 percent of all hunting days.
There were 320 thousand Arkansas residents 16 years old and older who hunted in the United States in 2011 for a total of 10.7 million days. An estimated 99 percent of all Arkansas residents who hunted did so in their home state. Of all hunting days by Arkansas residents, 94 percent or 10.0 million were spent pursuing game in their home state. For more informa­tion on hunting activities by Arkansas residents, see Table 3.
.
Hunters in Arkansas
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Hunters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363 thousand
Residents. . 316 thousand
Nonresidents. . ...
.
Days of hunting. . 11.0 million
Residents. . 10.0 million
Nonresidents. . ...
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Source: Table 3.
In State/Out of State
(State residents 16 years old and older)
Arkansas hunters. . 320 thousand
In Arkansas. . 316 thousand
In other states. . …
.
Days of hunting. . 10.7 million
In Arkansas. . 10.0 million
In other states. . …
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Source: Table 3. 10 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Hunting Expenditures in Arkansas
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total. . $1.0 billion
Trip-related. . $317 million
Equipment. . $467 million
Hunting. . $409 million
Auxiliary and special. . $58 million
Other. . $235 million
Source: Table 20.
Hunting Expenditures in Arkansas
All hunting-related expenditures in Arkansas totaled $1.0 billion in 2011. Trip-related expenses, such as food and lodging, transportation, and other trip expenses, totaled $317 million—31 percent of total expenditures. Expendi­tures for food and lodging were $133 million and transportation expenditures were $153 million. Other trip expenses, such as equipment rental, totaled $31 million for the year. The average trip-related expenditure per hunter was $874.
Hunters spent $467 million on equip­ment—46 percent of all hunting expen­ditures. Hunting equipment (guns, ammunition, etc.) totaled $409 million and made up 88 percent of all equip­ment costs. Hunters spent $58 million on auxiliary equipment (tents, special hunting clothes, etc.) and special equip­ment (boats, vans, etc.), accounting for 12 percent of total equipment expendi­tures for hunting. Expenditures classi­fied as special and auxiliary equipment are on items that were purchased for hunting but could be used in activities other than hunting.
The purchase of other items, such as magazines, membership dues, licenses, permits, and land leasing, and owner­ship, cost hunters $235 million—23 percent of all hunting expenditures. For more details on hunting expenditures in Arkansas, see Tables 20 through 23.
Hunting Expenditures in Arkansas(Total: $1.0 billion)Equipment 46%Trip-related31%Other23%Comparative Hunting Expenditures by Type of Hunting All huntingBig game Small gameMigratory birdsOther animals$874$887$181$658............$29$22$12$43Trip expenditures per hunter:... Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.Trip expenditures per day:U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 11
Wildlife Watchers
Participants and Days of Activity
In 2011, 852 thousand U.S. residents 16 years old and older fed, observed, or photographed wildlife in Arkansas. Most of them, 96 percent (820 thou­sand), enjoyed their activities close to home and are called “around-the-home” participants. Those persons who enjoyed wildlife at least one mile from home are called “away-from-home” participants. People participating in away-from-home activities in Arkansas in 2011 numbered 137 thousand—16 percent of all wildlife watchers in Arkansas. Of the 137 thousand, 112 thousand were state residents.
Arkansans 16 years old and older who enjoyed away-from-home wildlife watching within their state totaled 112 thousand. Of this group, 102 thousand participants observed wildlife and 74 thousand photographed wildlife. Since some individuals engaged in more than one of the away-from-home activities during the year, the sum of wildlife observers, feeders, and photographers exceeds the total number of away-from-home participants.
Arkansans spent nearly 1.3 million days engaged in away-from-home wild­life-watching activities in their state. They spent 1.1 million days observing wildlife. For further details about away-from-home activities, see Table 25.
Arkansas residents also took an active interest in wildlife around their homes. In 2011, 820 thousand state residents enjoyed observing, feeding, and photographing wildlife within one mile of their homes. Among this around-the-home group, 712 thousand fed, 603 thousand observed, and 249 thousand photographed wildlife around their homes. Summing the number of participants in these activities results in an estimate that exceeds the total number of around-the-home partici­pants because many people participated in more than one type of around-the-home activity. In addition, 14 percent of Arkansan around-the-home wildlife watchers also enjoyed wildlife away from home. For further details about
Arkansas residents participating in around-the-home wildlife-watching activities, see Table 27.
Wildlife-Watching Participants in Arkansas
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total. . 852 thousand
Around the home. . 820 thousand
Away from home. . 137 thousand
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 24.
Away-From-Home Wildlife-Watching Participation in Arkansas
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Participants, total. . 137 thousand
Observe wildlife. . 122 thousand
Photograph wildlife. . 82 thousand
Feed wildlife. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …
Days, total. . 1.4 million
Observe wildlife. . 1.1 million
Photograph wildlife. . 558 thousand
Feed wildlife. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 25.
Around-The-Home Wildlife-Watching Participation in Arkansas
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total. . 820 thousand
Feed wildlife. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 712 thousand
Observe wildlife. . 603 thousand
Photograph wildlife. . 249 thousand
Maintain natural areas. . ...
Maintain plantings. . ...
Visit parks and natural areas. . ...
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 27.12 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Wild Bird Observers in Arkansas
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Participants, total. . 539 thousand
Around the home. . 475 thousand
Away from home. . 96 thousand
.
Days, total. . 69.8 million
Around the home. . 68.8 million
Away from home. . 1.1 million
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 29.
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures in Arkansas
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total. . $216 million
Trip-related. . $35 million
Equipment. . $157 million
Wildlife watching. . $130 million
Auxiliary and special. . $26 million
Other. . …
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Source: Table 31.
Wild Bird Observers
Bird watching attracted many wildlife enthusiasts in Arkansas. In 2011, 539 thousand people observed birds around the home and on trips in the state. A majority, 88 percent (475 thousand), observed wild birds around the home while 18 percent (96 thousand) took trips away from home to watch birds.
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures in Arkansas
Wildlife watchers spent $216 million on wildlife-watching activities in Arkansas in 2011. Trip-related expen­ditures, including food and lodging ($22 million) and transportation ($12 million), amounted to $35 million. This summation comprised 16 percent of all wildlife-watching expenditures by participants. The average of the trip-related expenditures for away-from-home participants was $253 per person in 2011.
Wildlife-watching participants spent $157 million on equipment—72 percent of all their expenditures. Specifically, wildlife-watching equip­ment (binoculars, special clothing, etc.) expenditures totaled $130 million, 83 percent of the equipment total. Auxiliary equipment expenditures (tents, backpacking equipment, etc.) and special equipment expenditures (campers, trucks, etc.) amounted to $26 million—17 percent of all equip­ment costs. Expenditures classified as special and auxiliary equipment are on items that were purchased for wildlife-watching recreation but could be used in activities other than wild­life watching. For more details about wildlife-watching expenditures in Arkansas, see Table 31.
Away-From-Home Activity by Around-The-Home Participants(Total: 820 thousand participants)Both around the home and away from homeAround the home only86%14%U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 13
Comparing the estimates from the 2001, 2006, and 2011 Surveys gives a perspective on the state of wildlife-related recreation in the early twenty-first century in Arkansas. Only the most general recreation comparisons are presented here.
The best way to compare estimates from surveys is not to compare the estimates themselves but to compare the confidence intervals around the esti­mates. A 90-percent confidence interval around the estimate gives the range of estimates that 90 percent of all possible representative samples would supply. If the 90-percent confidence intervals of the two surveys’ estimates overlap, it is not possible to say the two estimates are statistically different.
The state resident estimates cover the participation and expenditure activity of Arkansas residents anywhere in the United States. The in-state esti­mates cover the participation, day, and expenditure activity if U.S. residents in Arkansas.
The expenditure estimates were made comparable by adjusting the estimates for inflation—all estimates are in 2011 dollars.
2001-2011 Comparison
Arkansas 2001 and 2011 Comparison
(Numbers in thousands. Expenditures in 2011 dollars)
2001 2011 Percent change
.
Fishing
Anglers in state. . 782 555 –29
Days in state. . 13,006 15,662 NS20
In-state expenditures by U.S. anglers…. . $566,193 $495,584 NS–12
State resident anglers. . 546 467 NS–14
Total expenditures by state residents. . $490,476 $427,997 NS–13
Hunting
Hunters in state. . 431 363 NS–16
Days in state. . 8,411 10,967 NS30
In-state expenditures by U.S. hunters. . $656,857 $1,018,793 NS55
State resident hunters. . 306 320 NS5
Total expenditures by state residents. . $492,159 $947,623 NS93
Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching
Participants in state. . . 211 137 NS–35
Days in state. . 1,562 1,427 NS–9
State resident participants. . 190 120 NS–37
Around-The-Home Wildlife Watching
Total participants. . 758 820 NS8
Observers. . 473 603 NS27
Feeders. . 710 712 0
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures
In-state expenditures by U.S. wildlife watchers. . $309,898 $216,074 NS–30
Total expenditures by state residents. . $378,906 $219,055 NS–42
NS Not different from zero at the 10 percent level of significance14 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Number of People Who Hunted and Fished in Arkansas: 2001–2011(In thousands)AnglersHunters201120062001782655431354555363Number of People Who Wildlife Watched in Arkansas: 2001–2011(In thousands)Around the homeAway from home201120062001211758435811137820Total Expenditures by Participants in Arkansas (In millions of 2011 dollars)AnglersHuntersWildlife Watchers2011200620015666573104698806774961,019216
Arkansas 2006 and 2011 Comparison
(Numbers in thousands. Expenditures in 2011 dollars)
2006 2011 Percent change
.
Fishing.
Anglers in state. . 655 555 NS–15
Days in state. . 10,812 15,662 NS45
In-state expenditures by U.S. anglers. . $469,260 $495,584 NS6
State resident anglers. . 463 467 NS 1
Total expenditures by state residents. . $406,729 $427,997 NS5
Hunting
Hunters in state. . 354 363 NS3
Days in state. . 7,882 10,967 NS39
In-state expenditures by U.S. hunters. . $879,867 $1,018,793 NS16
State resident hunters. . 307 320 NS4
Total expenditures by state residents. . $854,232 $947,623 NS11
Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching
Participants in state. . . 435 137 –69
Days in state. . 4,148 1,427 NS–66
State resident participants. . 304 120 –61
Around-The-Home Wildlife Watching
Total participants. . 811 820 NS1
Observers. . 620 603 NS–3
Feeders. . 722 712 NS–1
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures
In-state expenditures by U.S. wildlife watchers. . $676,938 $216,074 –68
Total expenditures by state residents. . $502,868 $219,055 NS–56
NS Not different from zero at the 10 percent level of significanceTables
16 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Guide to Statistical Tables
Purpose and Coverage of Tables
The statistical tables of this report were designed to meet a wide range of needs for those interested in wildlife-related recreation. Special terms used in these tables are defined in Appendix A.
The tables are based on responses to the 2011 Survey, which was designed to collect data about participation in wi­ldlife-related recreation. To have taken part in the Survey, a respondent must have been a U.S. resident (a resident of one of the 50 states or the District of Columbia). No one residing outside the United States (including U.S. citizens) was eligible for inter­viewing. Therefore, reported state and national totals do not include partici­pation by those who were not U.S. residents or who were U.S. citizens residing outside the United States.
Comparability With Previous Surveys
The numbers reported can be compared with those in the 1991, 1996, 2001, and 2006 Survey Reports. The methodology used in 2011 was similar to that used in those Surveys. These results should not be directly compared to results from Surveys earlier than 1991 since there were major changes in methodology. These changes were made to improve accuracy in the information provided.
Coverage of an Individual Table
Since the Survey covers many activi­ties in various places by participants of different ages, all table titles, headnotes, stubs, and footnotes are designed to identify and articulate each item being reported in the table. For example, the title of Table 2 shows that data about anglers and hunters, their days of participation, and their number of trips are reported by type of activity. By contrast, the title of Table 7 indi­cates that it contains data on freshwater anglers and the days they fished for different species.
Percentages Reported in the Tables
Percentages are reported in the tables for the convenience of the user. When exclusive groups are being reported, the base of a percentage is apparent from its context because the percents add to 100 percent (plus or minus a rounding error). For example, Table 2 reports the number of trips taken by big game hunters, those taken by small game hunters, those taken by migratory bird hunters, and those taken by hunters pursuing other animals. These comprise 100 percent because they are exclusive categories.
Percents should not add to 100 when nonexclusive groups are being reported. Using Table 2 as an example again, note that adding the percentages associated with the total number of big game hunters, total small game hunters, total migratory bird hunters, and total hunters of other animals will not yield total hunters because respondents could hunt for more than one type of game.
When the base of the percentage is not apparent in context, it is identified in a footnote. For example, Table 15 reports two percentages with different bases: one base being the number of total participants at the head of the column and the other base being the total popu­lation who are described by the row category. Footnotes are used to clarify the bases of the reported percentages.
Footnotes to the Tables
Footnotes are used to clarify the infor­mation or items that are being reported in a table. Symbols in the body of a table indicate important footnotes. The following symbols are used in the tables to refer to the same footnote each time they appear:
* Estimate based on a sample size
of 10–29.
... Sample size too small to report
data reliably.
Z Less than 0.5 percent.
X Not applicable.
NA Not available.
Estimates based upon fewer than ten responses are regarded as being based on a sample size that is too small for reliable reporting. An estimate based upon at least 10 but fewer than 30 responses is treated as an estimate based on a small sample size. Other footnotes appear, as necessary, to qualify or clarify the estimates reported in the tables. In addition, these two important footnotes appear frequently:
• Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
• Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and no­nresponse.
“Multiple responses” is a term used to reflect the fact that individuals or their characteristics fall into more than one category. Using Table 5 as an example, those who fished in saltwater and fresh­water appear in both of these totals. Yet each angler is represented only once in the “Total, all fishing” row. Simi­larly, in Table 12, those who hunt for big game and small game are counted only once as a hunter in the “Total, all hunting” row. Therefore, totals will be smaller than the sum of subcategories when multiple responses exist.
“Nonresponse” exists because the Survey questions were answered volun­tarily, and some respondents did not or could not answer all the questions. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 17
Table 1. Fishing and Hunting in Arkansas by Resident and Nonresident Sportspersons: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Sportspersons
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent of sportspersons
Number
Percent of
resident
sportspersons
Number
Percent of
nonresident sportspersons
Total sportspersons (fished or hunted). .
696
100
560
100
*136
*100
Total anglers. .
555
80
458
82
*97
*71
Fished only. .
333
48
244
44
*89
*66
Fished and hunted. . .
222
32
214
38
...
...
Total hunters. .
363
52
316
56
...
...
Hunted only. .
*141
*20
*102
*18
...
...
Hunted and fished. . .
222
32
214
38
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 2. Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in Arkansas by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Type of fishing and hunting
Participants
Days of participation
Trips
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
FISHING
Total, all fishing. .
555
100
15,662
100
8,688
100
Total, all freshwater. .
555
100
15,662
100
8,688
100
Freshwater
, except Great Lakes. .
555
100
15,662
100
8,688
100
Great Lakes. .
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
Saltwater. .
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
HUNTING
Total, all hunting. .
363
100
10,967
100
9,262
100
Big game. .
318
88
9,401
86
5,992
65
Small game. .
*83
*23
*1,253
*11
*1,127
*12
Migratory birds. .
*97
*27
*2,018
*18
*1,101
*12
Other animals. .
*96
*27
*1,214
*11
*1,042
*11
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.18 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 3. Anglers and Hunters, Trips, and Days of Participation: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers and hunters, trips and
days of participation
Activity in Arkansas
Activity by Arkansas residents in United States
Total, state residents and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Total, in state of residence and in other states
In state of
residence
In other states
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
FISHING
Total anglers. .
555
100
458
83
*97
*17
467
100
458
98
...
...
Total trips. .
8,688
100
8,380
96
*307
*4
8,432
100
8,380
99
...
...
Total days of fishing. .
15,662
100
15,055
96
*607
*4
15,135
100
15,055
99
...
...
Average days of fishing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28
(X)
33
(X)
*6
(X)
32
(X)
33
(X)
...
(X)
HUNTING
Total hunters. .
363
100
316
87
...
...
320
100
316
99
...
...
Total trips. .
9,262
100
8,987
97
...
...
9,163
100
8,987
98
...
...
Total days of hunting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10,967
100
10,006
91
...
...
10,689
100
10,006
94
...
...
Average days of hunting. .
30
(X)
32
(X)
...
(X)
33
(X)
32
(X)
...
(X)
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 4. Arkansas Resident Anglers and Hunters by Place Fished or Hunted: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Place fished or hunted
Anglers
Hunters
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total, all places. .
467
100
320
100
In-state only. .
439
94
237
74
In-state and other states. .
...
...
...
...
In other states only. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
Table 5. Arkansas Resident Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in the United States by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Type of fishing and hunting
Participants
Days of participation
Trips
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
FISHING
Total, all fishing. .
467
100
15,135
100
8,432
100
Total, all freshwater. .
458
98
15,075
100
8,394
100
Freshwater
, except Great Lakes. .
458
98
15,075
100
8,394
100
Great Lakes. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Saltwater. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
HUNTING
Total, all hunting. .
320
100
10,689
100
9,163
100
Big game. .
289
90
8,846
83
5,820
64
Small game. .
*126
*39
*1,846
*17
*1,213
*13
Migratory birds. .
*72
*23
*1,756
*16
*1,060
*12
Other animals. .
*101
*32
*1,241
*12
*1,070
*12
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 19
Table 6. Freshwater Anglers, Trips, Days of Fishing, and Type of Water Fished: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers, trips, and days of fishing
Activity in Arkansas
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total anglers. .
555
100
458
83
*97
*17
Total trips. .
8,688
100
8,380
96
*307
*4
Total days of fishing. .
15,662
100
15,055
96
*607
*4
Average days of fishing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28
(X)
33
(X)
*6
(X)
ANGLERS
Total, all types of water. .
555
100
458
83
*97
*17
Ponds, lakes, or reservoirs. .
430
100
395
92
...
...
Rivers or streams. .
.. 307
100
245
80
*62
*20
DAYS
Total, all types of water. .
15,662
100
15,055
96
*607
*4
Ponds, lakes, or reservoirs. .
12,032
100
11,938
99
...
...
Rivers or streams. .
.. 4,042
100
3,774
93
*268
*7
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 7. Freshwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in Arkansas by Type of Fish: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers and days of fishing
Activity in Arkansas
Total, state residents and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent of total types
Percent of anglers/days
Number
Percent of anglers/days
Number
Percent of anglers/days
ANGLERS
Total, all types of fish. .
555
100
100
458
83
*97
*17
Crappie. .
253
46
100
240
95
...
...
Panfish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*66
*12
*100
*64
*96
...
...
White bass, striped bass, striped bass hybrids. .
*63
*11
*100
*56
*89
...
...
Black bass. .
216
39
100
*194
*90
...
...
Catfish, bullheads. .
244
44
100
238
97
...
...
Walleye, sauger. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Northern pike, pickerel, muskie, muskie hybrids. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Steelhead. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Trout. .
*106
*19
*100
*45
*43
*60
*57
Salmon. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Anything1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other freshwater fish. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
DAYS
Total, all types of fish. .
15,662
100
100
15,055
96
*607
*4
Crappie. .
7,546
48
100
7,514
100
...
...
Panfish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*941
*6
*100
*936
*99
...
...
White bass, striped bass, striped bass hybrids. .
*426
*3
*100
*412
*97
...
...
Black bass. .
7,679
49
100
*7,624
*99
...
...
Catfish, bullheads. .
2,769
18
100
2,754
99
...
...
Walleye, sauger. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Northern pike, pickerel, muskie, muskie hybrids. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Steelhead. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Trout. .
*492
*3
*100
*233
*47
*258
*53
Salmon. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Anything1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other freshwater fish. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Respondent fished for no specific species and identified “Anything” from a list of categories of fish.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.20 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 8. Great Lakes Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in Arkansas: 2011
This table does not apply to this state.
Table 9. Great Lakes Anglers and Days of Fishing in Arkansas by Type of Fish: 2011
This table does not apply to this state.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 21
Table 10. Saltwater Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in Arkansas: 2011
This table does not apply to this state.
Table 11. Saltwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in Arkansas by Type of Fish: 2011
This table does not apply to this state.22 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 12. Hunters, Trips, and Days of Hunting in Arkansas by Type of Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Hunters, trips, and days of hunting
Activity in Arkansas
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
HUNTERS
Total, all hunting. .
363
100
316
87
...
...
Big game. .
318
100
289
91
...
...
Small game. .
*83
*100
*78
*95
...
...
Migratory birds. .
*97
*100
*72
*74
...
...
Other animals. .
*96
*100
*96
*100
...
...
TRIPS
Total, all hunting. .
9,262
100
8,987
97
...
...
Big game. .
5,992
100
5,766
96
...
...
Small game. .
*1,127
*100
*1,119
*99
...
...
Migratory birds. .
*1,101
*100
*1,060
*96
...
...
Other animals. .
*1,042
*100
*1,042
*100
...
...
DAYS
Total, all hunting. .
10,967
100
10,006
91
...
...
Big game. .
9,401
100
8,715
93
...
...
Small game. .
*1,253
*100
*1,240
*99
...
...
Migratory birds. .
*2,018
*100
*1,756
*87
...
...
Other animals. .
*1,214
*100
*1,214
*100
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 13. Hunters and Days of Hunting in Arkansas by Type of Game: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Type of game
Hunters, state residents and nonresidents
Days of hunting
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total, all types of game. .
363
100
10,967
100
Big game, total. .
318
88
9,401
86
Deer. .
308
85
7,917
72
Elk. .
...
...
...
...
Bear. .
...
...
...
...
W
ild turkey. .
*112
*31
*1,765
*16
Other big game. .
...
...
...
...
Small game, total. .
*83
*23
*1,253
*11
Rabbit, hare. .
...
...
...
...
Quail. .
...
...
...
...
Grouse/prairie chicken. .
...
...
...
...
Squirrel. .
*75
*21
*1,158
*11
Pheasant. .
...
...
...
...
Other small game. .
...
...
...
...
Migratory birds, total. .
*97
*27
*2,018
*18
W
aterfowl. .
*87
*24
*1,942
*18
Geese. .
...
...
...
...
Ducks. .
*87
*24
*1,664
*15
Doves. .
...
...
...
...
Other migratory birds. .
...
...
...
...
Other animals, total1. .
*96
*27
*1,214
*11
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Includes groundhog, raccoon, fox, coyote, crow, prairie dog, etc.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 23
Table 14. Hunters and Days of Hunting in Arkansas by Type of Land: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Hunters and days of hunting
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
HUNTERS
Total, all types of land. .
363
100
316
100
...
...
Public land, total. .
*151
*41
*126
*40
...
...
Public land only. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Public and private land. .
*122
*34
*117
*37
...
...
Private land, total. .
302
83
275
87
...
...
Private land only. .
180
50
158
50
...
...
Private and public land. .
*122
*34
*117
*37
...
...
DAYS
Total, all types of land. .
10,967
100
10,006
100
...
...
Public land1. .
*1,923
*18
*1,667
*17
...
...
Private land2. .
11,518
105
11,047
110
...
...
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Days of hunting on public land includes both days spent solely on public land and those spent on public and private land.
2 Days of hunting on private land includes both days spent solely on private land and those spent on private and public land.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.24 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 15. Selected Characteristics of Arkansas Resident Anglers and Hunters: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Characteristic
Population
Sportspersons
(fished or hunted)
Anglers
Hunters
Number
Percent
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent
of
sports-
persons
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent of anglers
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent of
hunters
Total persons. .
2,238
100
572
26
100
467
21
100
320
14
100
Population Density of Residence
Urban. .
1,086
49
216
20
38
*191
*18
*41
*58
*5
*18
Rural. .
1,152
51
356
31
62
275
24
59
261
23
82
Population Size of Residence
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). .
1,614
72
375
23
66
313
19
67
*205
*13
*64
1,000,000 or more. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
250,000 to 999,999. .
1,156
52
*229
*20
*40
*185
*16
*40
*127
*11
*40
50,000 to 249,999. .
432
19
*146
*34
*25
*128
*30
*27
...
...
...
Outside MSA. .
624
28
197
32
34
154
25
33
114
18
36
Sex
Male. .
1,052
47
412
39
72
314
30
67
278
26
87
Female. .
1,186
53
*160
*14
*28
*153
*13
*33
...
...
...
Age
16 to 17 years. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
18 to 24 years. .
292
13
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
25 to 34 years. .
377
17
*250
*66
*44
*200
*53
*43
*169
*45
*53
35 to 44 years. .
223
10
*45
*20
*8
...
...
...
...
...
...
45 to 54 years. .
395
18
*36
*9
*6
...
...
...
...
...
...
55 to 64 years. .
387
17
*71
*18
*12
*62
*16
*13
*39
*10
*12
65 years and older. .
509
23
*148
*29
*26
*118
*23
*25
*59
*12
*18
65 to 74 years. .
327
15
*125
*38
*22
*104
*32
*22
*43
*13
*13
75 and older. .
182
8
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Ethnicity
Hispanic. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Non-Hispanic. .
2,205
99
572
26
100
467
21
100
320
14
100
Race
White. .
2,016
90
563
28
98
458
23
98
313
16
98
African American. .
*113
*5
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
All others. .
*108
*5
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Annual Household Income
Less than $20,000. .
356
16
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$20,000 to $29,999. .
282
13
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$30,000 to $39,999. .
242
11
*62
*26
*11
*55
*23
*12
...
...
...
$40,000 to $49,999. .
296
13
*129
*43
*22
*123
*41
*26
...
...
...
$50,000 to $74,999. .
285
13
*152
*53
*27
*134
*47
*29
*88
*31
*27
$75,000 to $99,999. .
115
5
*43
*37
*8
...
...
...
...
...
...
$100,000 to $149,999. .
163
7
*47
*29
*8
...
...
...
...
...
...
$150,000 or more. .
*73
*3
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Not reported. .
426
19
*42
*10
*7
...
...
...
...
...
...
Education
11 years or less. .
266
12
*42
*16
*7
...
...
...
...
...
...
12 years. .
893
40
300
34
53
238
27
51
153
17
48
1 to 3 years of college. .
540
24
*98
*18
*17
*96
*18
*21
...
...
...
4 years or more of college. .
539
24
*132
*25
*23
*94
*18
*20
*88
*16
*28
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses. Percent who participated columns show the percent of each row’s population who participated in the activity named by the column (the percent of those living in urban areas who fished, etc.). Remaining percent columns show the percent of each column’s participants who are described by the row heading (the percent of anglers who lived in urban areas, etc.).U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 25
Table 16. Summary of Expenditures in Arkansas by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for
Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average
per sportsperson
(dollars)1
FISHING AND HUNTING
Total. .
1,559,561
741
2,104
2,193
Food and lodging. .
286,573
607
472
412
Transportation. .
270,052
610
443
388
Other trip costs2. .
100,166
524
191
144
Equipment (fishing, hunting). .
457,303
429
1,066
654
Auxiliary equipment3. .
73,478
261
282
100
Special equipment4. .
*122,835
*55
*2,238
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
*2,566
*81
*31
*4
Membership dues and contributions. .
*31,387
*84
*372
*45
Other5. .
215,202
427
503
308
FISHING
Total. .
495,584
530
935
846
Food and lodging. .
153,245
459
334
276
Transportation. .
117,488
464
253
212
Other trip costs2. .
68,907
453
152
124
Fishing equipment. .
45,750
315
145
82
Auxiliary equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
Other5. .
12,847
233
55
23
HUNTING
Total. .
1,018,793
386
2,642
2,792
Food and lodging. .
133,327
313
425
367
Transportation. .
152,564
313
488
420
Other trip costs2. .
*31,259
*193
*162
*86
Hunting equipment. .
409,109
263
1,557
1,121
Auxiliary equipment3. .
*50,371
*172
*293
*132
Special equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
Other5. .
202,355
293
690
555
UNSPECIFIED6
Total. .
*42,741
*69
*619
*59
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes boating costs, equipment rental, guide fees, access fees, heating and cooking fuel, and ice and bait (for fishing only).
3 Includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing and hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and repair
of equipment, processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
4 Includes big-ticket items bought primarily for hunting and fishing including boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles,
pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
5 Includes land leasing and ownership, licenses, stamps, tags, permits, and plantings (for hunting only).
6 Respondent could not specify whether expenditure was primarily for either fishing or hunting.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.26 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 17. Summary of Fishing Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Arkansas by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined by Type of Fishing: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average per
spender (dollars)1
Average per
angler (dollars)1
ALL FISHING
Total. .
481,932
522
923
821
Food and lodging. .
153,245
459
334
276
Transportation. .
117,488
464
253
212
Other trip costs. .
68,907
453
152
124
Equipment. .
142,292
320
444
209
ALL FRESHWATER
Total. .
481,107
518
928
820
Food and lodging. .
153,245
459
334
276
Transportation. .
117,488
464
253
212
Other trip costs. .
68,907
453
152
124
Equipment. .
141,466
313
452
208
FRESHWATER, EXCEPT GREAT LAKES
Total. .
481,107
518
928
820
Food and lodging. .
153,245
459
334
276
Transportation. .
117,488
464
253
212
Other trip costs. .
68,907
453
152
124
Equipment. .
141,466
313
452
208
GREAT LAKES
Total. .
...
...
...
...
Food and lodging. .
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
...
...
...
...
SALTWATER
Total. .
...
...
...
...
Food and lodging. .
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
...
...
...
...
… Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Table 19 for detailed listing of expenditure items.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 27
Table 18. Summary of Hunting Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Arkansas by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined by Type of Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average per
type of hunter
(dollars)1
ALL HUNTING
Total. .
783,943
372
2,106
2,147
Food and lodging. .
133,327
313
425
367
Transportation. .
152,564
313
488
420
Other trip costs. .
*31,259
*193
*162
*86
Equipment. .
466,793
277
1,683
1,274
BIG GAME
Total. .
411,391
323
1,273
1,130
Food and lodging. .
84,149
268
314
232
Transportation. .
110,245
276
399
304
Other trip costs. .
*14,991
*180
*83
*41
Equipment. .
202,005
239
844
553
SMALL GAME
Total. .
*35,296
*127
*278
*175
Food and lodging. .
*6,343
*55
*114
*34
Transportation. .
*7,801
*62
*125
*41
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
*20,264
*94
*216
...
MIGRATORY BIRDS
Total. .
*287,963
*99
*2,923
*1,945
Food and lodging. .
*40,700
*84
*484
*275
Transportation. .
*30,752
*85
*364
*208
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
*201,910
*65
*3,116
...
OTHER ANIMALS
Total. .
...
...
...
...
Food and lodging. .
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Table 20 for detailed listing of expenditure items.28 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 19. Expenditures in Arkansas by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Fishing: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Expenditures
Spenders
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Average
per angler
(dollars)1
Number
(thousands)
Percent of anglers
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Total, all items. . .. .
495,584
846
530
95
935
TRIP-RELATED EXPENDITURES
Total trip-related. .
339,640
612
511
92
664
Food and lodging, total. .
153,245
276
459
83
334
Food. .
144,494
260
459
83
315
Lodging. .
*8,752
*16
*76
*14
*115
Transportation. .
117,488
212
464
84
253
Other trip costs, total. .
68,907
124
453
82
152
Privilege and other fees2. .
*7,169
*13
*87
*16
*83
Boating costs3. .
43,117
78
183
33
235
Bait. .
13,071
24
314
57
42
Ice. .
4,167
8
232
42
18
Heating and cooking fuel. .
*1,383
*2
*59
*11
*23
EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES
PRIMARILY FOR FISHING
Fishing equipment, total. .
45,750
82
315
57
145
Reels, rods, and rod-making components. .
19,441
34
167
30
117
Lines, hooks, sinkers, etc.. .
8,678
16
254
46
34
Artificial lures and flies. .
12,336
22
218
39
57
Creels, stringers, fish bags, landing nets, and gaff hooks. .
*466
*1
*61
*11
*8
Minnow seines, traps, and bait containers. .
...
...
...
...
...
Other fishing equipment4. .
*4,453
*8
*70
*13
*63
Auxiliary equipment5. .
...
...
...
...
...
Special equipment6. .
...
...
...
...
...
Other fishing costs7. .
13,651
25
249
45
55
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes boat or equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trip (party and charter boats, etc.), public land use, and private land use.
3 Includes boat launching, mooring, storage, maintenance, insurance, pumpout fees, and fuel.
4 Includes electronic fishing devices (depth finders, fish finders, etc.), tackle boxes, ice fishing equipment, and other fishing equipment.
5 Includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and repair of equipment,
processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
6 Includes big-ticket items bought primarily for fishing including boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans,
travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
7 Includes magazines, books, and DVDs, membership dues and contributions, land leasing and ownership, and licenses, stamps, tags, and permits.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. Percent of anglers may be greater than 100 because spenders who did not fish in this state are included.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 29
Table 20. Expenditures in Arkansas by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Hunting: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Expenditures
Spenders
Amount (thousands
of dollars)
Average
per hunter
(dollars)1
Number
(thousands)
Percent of hunters
Average per spender
(dollars)1
Total, all items. . .. .
1,018,793
2,792
386
106
2,642
TRIP-RELATED EXPENDITURES
Total trip-related. .
317,150
873
336
92
944
Food and lodging, total. .
133,327
367
313
86
425
Food. .
116,901
322
313
86
373
Lodging. .
...
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
152,564
420
313
86
488
Other trip costs, total. .
*31,259
*86
*193
*53
*162
Privilege and other fees2. .
*21,928
*60
*143
*39
*153
Boating costs3. .
...
...
...
...
...
Heating and cooking fuel. .
*6,250
*17
*108
*30
*58
EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES
PRIMARILY FOR HUNTING
Hunting equipment, total. .
409,109
1,121
263
72
1,557
Firearms. .
*160,701
*440
*101
*28
*1,584
Ammunition. .
78,267
213
253
70
310
Other hunting equipment4. .
170,141
468
165
45
1,031
Auxiliary equipment5. .
*50,371
*132
*172
*47
*293
Special equipment6. .
...
...
...
...
...
Other hunting costs7. .
234,850
645
298
82
789
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes guide fees, pack trip and package fees, public and private land use access fees, and rental of equipment such as boats and hunting or camping equipment.
3 Boating costs include launching, mooring, storage, maintenance, insurance, pumpout fees, and fuel.
4 Includes telescopic sights, decoys and game calls, handloading equipment and components, hunting dogs and associated costs, hunting knives, bows, arrows, archery
equipment, and other hunting equipment.
5 Includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and repair of
equipment, processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
6 Includes big-ticket items bought primarily for hunting including boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans,
travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
7 Includes magazines, books, and DVDs, membership dues and contributions, land leasing and ownership, and licenses, stamps, tags, and permits.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. Percent of hunters may be greater than 100 because spenders who did not hunt in this state are included.30 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 21. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Arkansas for Fishing and Hunting by Arkansas Residents and Nonresidents: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average per sportsperson
(dollars)1
STATE RESIDENTS AND NONRESIDENTS
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. . .. .
1,310,406
726
1,805
3,608
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing, total. .
482,104
527
915
821
Food and lodging. .
153,245
459
334
276
Transportation. .
117,488
464
253
212
Boating costs2. .
43,117
183
235
78
Other trip costs3. .
25,790
399
65
46
Equipment. .
142,464
324
439
209
Trip and equipment expenditures for hunting, total. .
786,215
383
2,054
2,147
Food and lodging. .
133,327
313
425
367
Transportation. .
152,564
313
488
420
Boating costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs3. .
*28,178
*182
*155
*78
Equipment. .
469,065
288
1,629
1,274
Unspecified equipment4. .
*42,087
*57
*732
...
STATE RESIDENTS
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. . .. .
1,178,034
554
2,127
3,724
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing, total. .
414,676
428
970
905
Food and lodging. .
131,249
376
349
286
Transportation. .
101,868
374
272
222
Boating costs2. .
*41,986
*172
*244
*92
Other trip costs3. .
23,607
330
71
52
Equipment. .
115,966
309
376
253
Trip and equipment expenditures for hunting, total. .
724,248
315
2,299
2,283
Food and lodging. .
100,432
269
374
318
Transportation. .
136,215
283
481
431
Boating costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs3. .
*21,772
*168
*130
*69
Equipment. .
462,950
261
1,775
1,456
Unspecified equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
NONRESIDENTS
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. . .. .
132,373
172
769
*2821
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing, total. .
*67,428
*99
*682
*425
Food and lodging. .
*21,996
*83
*265
*228
Transportation. .
*15,620
*90
*173
*162
Boating costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs3. .
*2,183
*68
*32
*23
Equipment. .
...
...
...
...
Trip and equipment expenditures for hunting, total. .
*61,967
*68
*915
...
Food and lodging. .
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
...
...
...
...
Boating costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs3. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment. .
...
...
...
...
Unspecified equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes boat launching, mooring, storage, maintenance, insurance, pumpout fees, and fuel.
3 Includes equipment rental, guide and access fees, ice and bait for fishing, and heating and cooking oil.
4 Respondent could not specify whether item was for hunting or fishing.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 31
Table 22. Summary of Arkansas Residents’ Fishing and Hunting Expenditures Both Inside and Outside Arkansas: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average
per sportsperson
(dollars)1
FISHING AND HUNTING
Total. .
1,445,597
563
2,569
2,527
Food and lodging. .
231,805
480
483
405
Transportation. .
238,242
501
476
416
Other trip costs2. .
90,275
435
207
158
Equipment (fishing, hunting). .
466,982
401
1,166
816
Auxiliary equipment3. .
74,417
249
299
130
Special equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
*2,805
*90
*31
*5
Membership dues and contributions. .
*30,483
*86
*355
*53
Other5. .
189,307
340
557
331
FISHING
Total. .
427,997
429
998
917
Food and lodging. .
131,373
376
350
281
Transportation. .
102,030
377
271
219
Other trip costs2. .
65,624
379
173
141
Fishing equipment. .
46,560
308
151
100
Auxiliary equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
Other5. .
10,875
172
63
23
HUNTING
Total. .
947,623
316
2,996
2,964
Food and lodging. .
100,432
269
374
314
Transportation. .
136,212
283
481
426
Other trip costs2. .
*24,652
*179
*138
*77
Hunting equipment. .
417,978
242
1,725
1,308
Auxiliary equipment3. .
*51,075
*170
*301
*160
Special equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
*1,726
*52
*33
*5
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
Other5. .
178,432
273
655
558
UNSPECIFIED6
Total. .
*67,449
*57
*1,178
*118
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes boating costs, equipment rental, guide fees, access fees, heating and cooking fuel, and ice and bait (for fishing only).
3 Includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing and hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and
repair of equipment, processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
4 Includes big-ticket items bought primarily for hunting and fishing including boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles,
pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
5 Includes land leasing and ownership, licenses, stamps, tags, and permits, and plantings (for hunting only).
6 Respondent could not specify whether expenditure was primarily for fishing or hunting.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Tables 19–20 for a detailed listing of expenditure items.32 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 23. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by Arkansas Residents for Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average per
spender (dollars)1
Average per
sportsperson
(dollars)1
IN ARKANSAS
Expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. .
1,392,299
563
2,475
2,000
Trip-related expenditures. .
560,009
532
1,052
804
Equipment (fishing and hunting). .
454,449
397
1,144
653
Auxiliary equipment2. .
68,373
237
289
98
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
214,266
358
599
308
Expenditures for fishing, total. .
426,125
429
993
768
Trip-related expenditures. .
298,710
421
709
538
Fishing equipment. .
45,196
304
149
81
Auxiliary equipment2. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
11,621
185
63
21
Expenditures for hunting, total. .
923,967
313
2,951
2,544
Trip-related expenditures. .
261,299
291
899
719
Hunting equipment. .
406,809
242
1,679
1,120
Auxiliary equipment2. .
*46,555
*161
*289
*128
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
201,990
271
745
556
Unspecified expenditures for fishing and hunting, total5. .
*39,763
*54
*735
*57
OUT OF STATE
Expenditures for fishing and hunting, total. .
*106,317
*448
*237
*153
Trip-related expenditures. .
*53,333
*98
*543
*77
Equipment (fishing and hunting). .
...
...
...
...
Auxiliary equipment2. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
*8,330
*215
*39
*12
Expenditures for fishing, total. .
...
...
...
...
Trip-related expenditures. .
...
...
...
...
Fishing equipment. .
...
...
...
...
Auxiliary equipment2. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
...
...
...
...
Expenditures for hunting, total. .
*100,262
*271
*370
*276
Trip-related expenditures. .
...
...
...
...
Hunting equipment. .
...
...
...
...
Auxiliary equipment2. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
Other4. .
...
...
...
...
Unspecified expenditures for fishing and hunting, total5. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Auxiliary equipment includes sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing and hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders,
maintenance and repair of equipment, processing and taxidermy costs, and electronic equipment such as a GPS device.
3 Special equipment includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes,
house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
4 Other equipment includes expenditures for magazines, books, DVDs, membership dues and contributions, land leasing and ownership, licenses, stamps, tags, and permits, and
plantings.
5 Respondent could not specify whether expenditure was primarily for either fishing or hunting.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 33
Table 24. Wildlife Watching in Arkansas by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Participants
Number
Percent
Total participants. .
852
100
Away from home. .
*137
*16
Observe wildlife. .
*122
*14
Photograph wildlife. .
*82
*10
Feed wildlife. .
...
...
Around the home. .
820
96
Observe wildlife. .
603
71
Photograph wildlife. .
*249
*29
Feed wildlife. .
712
84
V
isit parks or natural areas1. .
...
...
Maintain plantings or natural areas. .
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Includes visits only to parks or natural areas within one mile of home.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 25. Participants, Trips, and Days of Participation in Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching in
Arkansas: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Participants, trips, and days of participation
Activity in Arkansas
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
PARTICIPANTS
Total participants. .
*137
*100
*112
*100
...
...
Observe wildlife. .
*122
*89
*102
*91
...
...
Photograph wildlife. .
*82
*60
*74
*66
...
...
Feed wildlife. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
TRIPS
Total Trips. .
*1,061
*100
*1008
*100
...
...
Average days per trip. .
*1
(X)
*1
(X)
...
(X)
DAYS
Total days. .
*1,427
*100
*1,326
*100
...
...
Observing wildlife. .
*1,138
*80
*1,077
*81
...
...
Photographing wildlife. .
*558
*39
...
...
...
...
Feeding wildlife. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Average days per participant. .
*10
(X)
*12
(X)
...
(X)
Observing wildlife. .
*9
(X)
*11
(X)
...
(X)
Photographing wildlife. .
*7
(X)
...
(X)
...
(X)
Feeding wildlife. .
...
(X)
...
(X)
...
(X)
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.34 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 26. Away-From-Home Wildlife-Watching Participants by Wildlife Observed, Photographed, or Fed in Arkansas: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Wildlife observed, photographed, or fed
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total all wildlife. .
*137
*100
*112
*82
...
...
Total birds. .
*101
*100
*91
*90
...
...
Songbirds (cardinals, robins, warblers, etc.). .
*67
*100
...
...
...
...
Birds of prey (hawks, owls, eagles, etc.). .
*63
*100
...
...
...
...
Waterfowl (ducks, geese, swans, etc.). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*78
*100
...
...
...
...
Other water birds (shorebirds, herons, cranes, etc.). .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other birds (pheasants, turkeys, road runners, etc.). .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Total land mammals. .
*94
*100
*86
*91
...
...
Large land mammals (bears, bison, elk, etc.). .
*61
*100
*54
*89
...
...
Small land mammals (prairie dogs, squirrels, etc.). .
*63
*100
...
...
...
...
Fish (salmon, sharks, etc.). .
.. ...
...
...
...
...
...
Marine mammals (whales, dolphins, etc.). .
...
...
...
...
...
...
Other wildlife (butterflies, turtles, etc.). .
...
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 27. Participation in Wildlife-Watching Activities Around the Home in Arkansas: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Around the home
Participants
Number
Percent
Total around-the-home participants. .
820
100
Observe wildlife. .
603
74
Visit parks and natural areas1. .
...
...
Photograph wildlife. .
*249
*30
Feed wildlife. .
712
87
Maintain natural areas. .
...
...
Maintain plantings. .
...
...
Participants Observing Wildlife
Total, all wildlife. .
603
100
Birds. .
475
79
Land mammals. .
561
93
Large mammals. .
*316
*52
Small mammals. .
519
86
Amphibians or reptiles. .
*142
*24
Insects or spiders. .
*196
*33
Fish and other wildlife. .
...
...
Total, 1 day or more. .
603
100
1 to 10 days. .
*228
*38
1
1 to 50 days. .
...
...
51 to 200 days. .
...
...
201 days or more. .
*174
*29
Participants Visiting Parks or Natural Areas1
Total, 1 day or more. .
...
...
1 to 5 days. .
...
...
6 to 10 days. .
...
...
1
1 days or more. .
...
...
Participants Photographing Wildlife
Total, 1 day or more. .
*249
*100
1 to 3 days. .
*152
*61
4 to 10 days. .
...
...
1
1 or more days. .
...
...
Participants Feeding Wildlife
Total, all wildlife. .
712
100
W
ild birds. .
670
94
Other wildlife. .
*321
*45
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Includes visits only to parks or natural areas within one mile of home.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 35
Table 28. Arkansas Residents Participating in Wildlife Watching in the United States: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Participants
Number
Percent of participants
Percent of population
Total participants. .
828
100
37
Away from home. .
*120
*14
*5
Around the home. .
820
99
37
Observe wildlife. .
603
73
27
Photograph wildlife. .
*249
*30
*11
Feed wild birds or other wildlife. .
712
86
32
Maintain plantings or natural areas. .
...
...
...
V
isit parks or natural areas1. .
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Includes visits only to parks or natural areas within one mile of home.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses. The column showing percent of participants is based on total participants. The column
showing percent of population is based on the state population 16 years old and older, including those who did not participate in wildlife watching.
Table 29. Wild Bird Observers and Days of Observation in Arkansas by State Residents and Nonresidents: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Observers and days of observation
Total, state residents
and nonresidents
State residents
Nonresidents
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
OBSERVERS
Total bird observers. .
539
100
529
100
...
...
Around-the-home observers. .
475
88
475
90
(X)
(X)
Away-from-home observers. .
*96
*18
*86
*16
...
...
DAYS
Total days observing birds. . .. .
69,837
100
69,760
100
...
...
Around the home. .
68,752
98
68,752
99
(X)
(X)
Away from home. .
*1,085
*2
*1,008
*1
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.36 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 30. Selected Characteristics of Arkansas Residents Participating in Wildlife Watching: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Characteristic
Population
Participants
Total
Away from home
Around the home
Number
Percent
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent
Number
Percent who par­ticipated
Percent
Total persons. .
2,238
100
828
37
100
*120
*5
*100
820
37
100
Population Density of Residence
Urban. .
1,086
49
*404
*37
*49
...
...
...
*401
*37
*49
Rural. .
1,152
51
424
37
51
*77
*7
*64
419
36
51
Population Size of Residence
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). .
1,614
72
603
37
73
...
...
...
603
37
74
1,000,000 or more. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
250,000 to 999,999. .
1,156
52
*360
*31
*43
...
...
...
*360
*31
*44
50,000 to 249,999. .
432
19
*232
*54
*28
...
...
...
*232
*54
*28
Outside MSA. .
624
28
*224
*36
*27
*42
*7
*35
*216
*35
*26
Sex
Male. .
1,052
47
392
37
47
*41
*4
*34
389
37
48
Female. .
1,186
53
436
37
53
*79
*7
*66
430
36
52
Age
16 to 17 years. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
18 to 24 years. .
292
13
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
25 to 34 years. .
377
17
*145
*39
*18
...
...
...
*137
*36
*17
35 to 44 years. .
223
10
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
45 to 54 years. .
395
18
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
55 to 64 years. .
387
17
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
65 years and older. .
509
23
*323
*64
*39
...
...
...
*323
*64
*39
65 to 74 years. .
327
15
*222
*68
*27
...
...
...
*222
*68
*27
75 and older. .
182
8
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Ethnicity
Hispanic. .
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Non-Hispanic. .
2,205
99
828
38
100
*120
*5
*100
820
37
100
Race
White. .
2,016
90
797
40
96
*120
*6
*100
789
39
96
African American. .
*113
*5
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
All others. .
*108
*5
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Annual Household Income
Less than $20,000. .
356
16
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$20,000 to $29,999. .
282
13
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$30,000 to $39,999. .
242
11
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$40,000 to $49,999. .
296
13
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$50,000 to $74,999. .
285
13
*128
*45
*15
...
...
...
*128
*45
*16
$75,000 to $99,999. .
115
5
*104
*91
*13
...
...
...
*104
*91
*13
$100,000 to $149,999. .
163
7
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
$150,000 or more. .
*73
*3
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Not reported. .
426
19
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Education
11 years or less. .
266
12
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
12 years. .
893
40
*294
*33
*36
...
...
...
*294
*33
*36
1 to 3 years of college. .
540
24
*235
*43
*28
...
...
...
*226
*42
*28
4 years or more of college .
539
24
*231
*43
*28
...
...
...
*231
*43
*28
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. Percent who participated columns show the percent of each row’s population who participated in the activity named by the column (the percent of those living in urban areas who participated, etc.). Percent columns show the percent of each column’s participants who are described by the row heading (the percent of those who participated who live in urban areas, etc.).U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 37
Table 31. Expenditures in Arkansas by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Wildlife Watching: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Expenditures (thousands
of dollars)
Average per participant
(dollars)1
Spenders
Number
(thousands)
Percent of wildlife-watching participants2
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Total, all items. . .
216,074
253
715
84
302
TRIP EXPENDITURES
Total, trip-related. .
*34,520
*253
*125
*91
*277
Food and lodging. .
*21,808
*160
*91
*66
*241
Food. .
*14,483
*106
*91
*66
*160
Lodging. .
...
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
*12,384
*91
*125
*91
*99
Other trip costs3. .
...
...
...
...
...
EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES
Total. .
181,554
213
660
77
275
Wildlife-watching equipment, total. .
130,345
153
660
77
197
Binoculars, spotting scopes. .
...
...
...
...
...
Film and photo processing. .
...
...
...
...
...
Cameras, special lenses, video cameras, and other photographic equipment,
including memory cards. .
...
...
...
...
...
Day packs, carrying cases, and special clothing. .
...
...
...
...
...
Bird food. .
63,685
75
528
62
121
Food for other wildlife. .
*24,513
*29
*229
*27
*107
Nest boxes, bird houses, bird feeders, and bird baths. .
*7,142
*8
*250
*29
*29
Other equipment (including field guides). .
...
...
...
...
...
Auxiliary equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
...
Special equipment5. .
...
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
...
Land leasing and ownership. .
...
...
...
...
...
Plantings. .
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Percent of wildlife-watching participants column for trip-related expenditures is based on away-from-home participation. For equipment and other expenditures, the percent of
wildlife-watching participants column is based on total wildlife-watching participants.
3 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use and private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.
4 Includes tents, tarps, frame packs and other backpacking equipment, other camping equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.
5 Includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers,
recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.38 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 32. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Arkansas for Wildlife Watching by Arkansas Residents and Nonresidents: 2011
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average
per participant
(dollars)1
STATE RESIDENTS AND NONRESIDENTS
Total. .
191,094
715
267
224
Food and lodging. .
*21,808
*91
*241
*160
Transportation. .
*12,384
*125
*99
*91
Other trip costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment3. .
156,574
660
237
184
STATE RESIDENTS
Total. .
166,727
689
242
201
Food and lodging. .
*5,156
*78
*66
*46
Transportation. .
*5,139
*102
*50
*46
Other trip costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment3. .
156,358
656
238
189
NONRESIDENTS
Total. .
...
...
...
...
Food and lodging. .
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
...
...
...
...
Other trip costs2. .
...
...
...
...
Equipment3. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use, private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.
3 Includes wildlife-watching auxiliary and special equipment.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Table 33 for detailed listed of expenditure items.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 39
Table 33. Wildlife-Watching Expenditures Both Inside and Outside Arkansas by Arkansas Residents: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Expenditures (thousands
of dollars)
Average per
participant
(dollars)1
Spenders
Number
(thousands)
Percent of
wildlife-watching participants2
Average per spender (dollars)1
Total, all items. . .
219,055
265
717
87
305
TRIP EXPENDITURES
Total, trip-related. .
*24,866
*207
*102
*85
*243
Food and lodging. .
*18,969
*158
*83
*69
*228
Food. .
*18,969
*158
*83
*69
*228
Lodging. .
...
...
...
...
...
Transportation. .
*5,822
*49
*102
*85
*57
Other trip costs3. .
...
...
...
...
...
EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES
Total. .
194,189
235
684
83
284
Wildlife-watching equipment, total. .
135,136
163
684
83
198
Binoculars, spotting scopes. .
...
...
...
...
...
Film and photo processing. .
...
...
...
...
...
Cameras, special lenses, video cameras, and other
photographic equipment, including memory cards. .
...
...
...
...
...
Day packs, carrying cases, and special clothing. .
...
...
...
...
...
Bird food. .
63,685
77
528
64
121
Food for other wildlife. .
*27,886
*34
*257
*31
*108
Nest boxes, bird houses, bird feeders, and bird baths. .
*6,926
*8
*246
*30
*28
Other equipment. .
...
...
...
...
...
Auxiliary equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
...
Special equipment5. .
...
...
...
...
...
Magazines, books, and DVDs. .
...
...
...
...
...
Membership dues and contributions. .
...
...
...
...
...
Land leasing and ownership. .
...
...
...
...
...
Plantings. .
...
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Percent of wildlife-watching participants column for trip-related expenditures is based on away-from-home participation. For equipment and other expenditures, the percent of
wildlife-watching participants column is based on total wildlife-watching participants.
3 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use and private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.
4 Includes tents, tarps, frame packs and other backpacking equipment, other camping equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.
5 Includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers,
recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.40 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Table 34. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by Arkansas Residents for Wildlife Watching: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure Item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average
per spender
(dollars)1
Average
per participant
(dollars)1
IN ARKANSAS
Expenditures for wildlife watching, total2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
191,707
689
278
232
Trip-related expenditures3. .
.. *10,369
*102
*101
*92
Wildlife-watching equipment4. .
130,129
656
198
157
Auxiliary equipment5. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment6. .
...
...
...
...
Other7. .
...
...
...
...
OUT OF STATE
Expenditures for wildlife watching, total2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...
...
...
...
Trip-related expenditures3. .
.. ...
...
...
...
Wildlife-watching equipment4. .
...
...
...
...
Auxiliary equipment5. .
...
...
...
...
Special equipment6. .
...
...
...
...
Other7. .
...
...
...
...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. … Sample size too small (less than 10) to report data reliably.
1 Average expenditures are annual estimates.
2 Information on trip-related expenditures was collected for away-from-home participants only. Equipment and other expenditures are based on information collected from both
away-from-home and around-the-home participants.
3 Includes equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trips, public land use and private land use, boat fuel, other boating costs, and heating and cooking fuel.
4 Includes binoculars, spotting scopes, cameras, special lenses, videocameras, other photography equipment, memory cards, film and photo processing, commercially prepared and
packaged wild bird food, other bulk food used to feed wild birds, food used to feed other wildlife, nest boxes, bird houses, feeders, baths, and other wildife-watching equipment.
5 Includes tents, tarps, frame packs and other backpacking equipment, other camping equipment, and other auxiliary equipment.
6 Includes boats, campers, cabins, trail bikes, dune buggies, 4 x 4 vehicles, ATVs, 4-wheelers, snowmobiles, pickups, vans, travel and tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers,
recreational vehicles (RVs) and other special equipment.
7 Includes magazines, books, DVDs, membership dues and contributions, and land leasing and ownership.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
Table 35. Participation of Arkansas Resident Wildlife-Watching Participants in Fishing and Hunting: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Participants
Total wildlife watchers
Wildife-watching activity
Away from home
Around the home
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total participants. .
828
100
*120
*100
820
100
Wildlife-watching participants who:
Did not fish or hunt. .
547
66
*22
*18
552
67
Fished or hunted. .
281
34
*98
*82
268
33
Fished. .
251
30
*72
*60
240
29
Hunted. .
*170
*21
*62
*52
*165
*20
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 41
Table 36. Participation of Arkansas Resident Sportspersons in Wildlife-Watching Activities: 2011
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Sportspersons
Sportspersons
Anglers
Hunters
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Total sportspersons. .
572
100
467
100
320
100
Sportspersons who:
Did not engage in wildlife-watching activities. .
243
43
175
37
*140
*44
Engaged in wildlife-watching activities. .
281
49
251
54
*170
*53
A
way from home. .
*98
*17
*72
*15
*62
*19
Around the home. .
268
47
240
52
*165
*52
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
State reports for previous Surveys included tables that had estimates for all fifty states. In order to expedite release of the 2011 Arkansas State report, state estimates have been deleted. To find state estimates other than Arkansas, go to http://wsfrprograms.fws.gov/Subpages/NationalSurvey/reports2011.html.
State reports are being released alphabetically, beginning in early 2013.U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 43
Appendix A
44 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
Annual household income—Total 2011 income of household members before taxes and other deductions.
Around-the-home wildlife watching—Activity within 1 mile of home with one of six primary purposes: (1) taking special interest in or trying to identify birds or other wildlife; (2) photographing wildlife; (3) feeding birds or other wildlife; (4) maintaining natural areas of at least one-quarter acre for the benefit of wildlife; (5) maintaining plantings (such as shrubs and agricultural crops) for the benefit of wildlife; and (6) visiting parks and natural areas to observe, photograph, or feed wildlife.
Auxiliary equipment—Equipment owned primarily for wildlife-associated recreation. For the sportspersons section, these include sleeping bags, packs, duffel bags, tents, binoculars and field glasses, special fishing and hunting clothing, foul weather gear, boots and waders, maintenance and repair of equipment, and processing and taxidermy costs. For the wildlife-watching section, these include tents, tarps, frame packs, backpacking and other camping equipment, and blinds. For both sportspersons and wildlife watchers, it also includes electronic auxiliary equipment such as Global Positioning Systems.
Away-from-home wildlife watching—Trips or outings at least 1 mile from home for the primary purpose of observing, photographing, or feeding wildlife. Trips to zoos, circuses, aquar­iums, and museums are not included.
Big game—Bear, deer, elk, moose, wild turkey, and similar large animals that are hunted.
Census Divisions
East North Central
Illinois
Indiana
Michigan
Ohio
Wisconsin
East South Central
Alabama
Kentucky
Mississippi
Tennessee
Middle Atlantic
New Jersey
New York
Pennsylvania
Mountain
Arizona
Colorado
Idaho
Montana
Nevada
New Mexico
Utah
Wyoming
New England
Connecticut
Maine
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Vermont
Pacific
Alaska
California
Hawaii
Oregon
Washington
South Atlantic
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Maryland
North Carolina
South Carolina
Virginia
West Virginia
West North Central
Kansas
Iowa
Minnesota
Missouri
Nebraska
North Dakota
South Dakota
West South Central
Arkansas
Louisiana
Oklahoma
Texas
Day—Any part of a day spent partici­pating in a given activity. For example, if someone hunted two hours one day and three hours another day, it would be reported as two days of hunting. If someone hunted two hours in the morning and three hours in the after­noon of the same day, it would be considered one day of hunting.
Education—The highest completed grade of school or year of college.
Expenditures—Money spent in 2011 for wildlife-related recreation trips in the United States, wildlife-related recreational equipment purchased in the United States, and other items. The “other items” were books, magazines, and DVDs; membership dues and contributions, land leasing or owning; hunting and fishing licenses; and plant­ings, all for the purpose of wildlife-related recreation. Expenditures included both money spent by partici­pants for themselves and the value of gifts they received.
Appendix A.
DefinitionsU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas 45
Fishing—The sport of catching or attempting to catch fish with a hook and line, bow and arrow, or spear; it also includes catching or gathering shellfish (clams, crabs, etc.); and the noncommercial seining or netting of fish, unless the fish are for use as bait. For example, seining for smelt is fishing, but seining for bait minnows is not included as fishing.
Fishing equipment—Items owned primarily for fishing:
Rods, reels, poles, and rodmaking components
Lines and leaders
Artificial lures, flies, baits, and dressing for flies or lines
Hooks, sinkers, swivels, and other items attached to a line, except lures and baits
Tackle boxes
Creels, stringers, fish bags, landing nets, and gaff hooks
Minnow traps, seines, and bait containers
Depth finders, fish finders, and other electronic fishing devices
Ice fishing equipment
Other fishing equipment
Freshwater—Reservoirs, lakes, ponds, and the nontidal portions of rivers and streams.
Great Lakes fishing—Fishing in Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron, St. Clair, Erie, and Ontario, their connecting waters such as the St. Mary’s River system, Detroit River, St. Clair River, and the Niagara River, and the St. Lawrence River south of the bridge at Cornwall, New York. Great Lakes fishing includes fishing in tributaries of the Great Lakes for smelt, steelhead, and salmon.
Home—The starting point of a wild­life-related recreational trip. It may be a permanent residence or a temporary or seasonal residence such as a cabin.
Hunting—The sport of shooting or attempting to shoot wildlife with fire­arms or archery equipment.
Hunting equipment—Items owned primarily for hunting:
Rifles, shotguns, muzzleloaders, and handguns
Archery equipment
Telescopic sights
Decoys and game calls
Ammunition
Hand loading equipment
Hunting dogs and associated costs
Other hunting equipment
Land leasing and owning—Leasing or owning land either singly or in cooperation with others for the primary purpose of fishing, hunting, or wildlife watching on it.
Maintain natural areas—To set aside 1/4 acre or more of natural environ­ment, such as wood lots or open fields, for the primary purpose of benefiting wildlife.
Maintain plantings—To introduce or encourage the growth of food and cover plants for the primary purpose of benefiting wildlife.
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)—A Metropolitan Statis­tical Area is a grouping of one or more counties or equivalent entities that contain at least one urbanized area of 50,000 or more inhabitants. The “Outside MSA” classification include census-defined Micropolitan Statistical Areas (or Micro areas). A Micro area is defined as a grouping of one or more counties or equivalent entities that contain at least one urban cluster of at least 10,000 but less than 50,000 inhab­itants. Refer to <www.census.gov
/population/metro/about/>, for a more detailed definition of the Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Migratory birds—Birds that regularly migrate from one region or climate to another such as ducks, geese, and doves and other birds that may be hunted.
Multiple responses—The term used to reflect the fact that individuals or their characteristics fall into more than one reporting category. An example of a big game hunter who hunted for deer and elk demonstrates the effect of multiple responses. In this case, adding the number of deer hunters (one) and elk hunters (one) would overstate the number of big game hunters (one) because deer and elk hunters are not mutually exclusive categories. In contrast, for example, total participants is the sum of male and female partici­pants, because “male” and “female” are mutually exclusive categories.
Nonresidents—Individuals who do not live in the State being reported. For example, a person living in Texas who watches whales in California is a nonresidential wildlife-watcher in California.
Nonresponse—A term used to reflect the fact that some Survey respondents provide incomplete sets of informa­tion. For example, a Survey respondent may have been unable to identify the primary type of hunting for which a gun was bought. Total hunting expen­diture estimates will include the gun purchase, but it will not appear as spending for big game or any other type of hunting. Nonresponses result in reported totals that are greater than the sum of their parts.
Observe—To take special interest in or try to identify birds, fish or other wildlife.
Other animals—Coyotes, crows, foxes, groundhogs, prairie dogs, raccoons, alligators, and similar animals that can be legally hunted and are not classified as big game, small game, or migratory birds. They may be classified as unprotected or preda­tory animals by the State in which they are hunted. Feral pigs are classified as “other animals” in all States except Hawaii, where they are considered big game.
Participants—Individuals who engage in fishing, hunting, or a wildlife-watching activity. Unless otherwise stated, a person has to have hunted, fished, or wildlife watched in 2011 to be considered a participant.
Plantings—See “Maintain plantings.”
Primary purpose—The principal motivation for an activity, trip, or expenditure.
Private land—Land owned by a busi­ness, nongovernmental organization, private individual, or a group of indi­viduals such as an association or club.
Public land—Land that is owned by local governments (such as county parks and municipal watersheds),
46 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Arkansas U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Census Bureau
State governments (such as State parks and wildlife management areas), or the federal government (such as National Forests, Recreational Areas, and Wild­life Refuges).
Residents—Individuals who lived in the State being reported. For example, a person who lives in California and watches whales in California is a resi­dential wildlife watcher in California.
Rural—All territory, population, and housing units located outside of urban­ized areas and urban clusters, as deter­mined by the U.S. Census Bureau.
Saltwater—Oceans, tidal bays and sounds, and the tidal portions of rivers and streams.
Screening interviews—The first Survey contact with a sample house­hold. Screening interviews are conducted with a household repre­sentative to identify respondents who are eligible for in-depth interviews. Screening interviews gather data such as age and sex about individuals in the households. Further information on screening interviews is available on page vii in the “Survey Background and Method” section of this report.
Small game—Grouse, pheasants, quail, rabbits, squirrels, and similar small animals for which States have small game seasons and bag limits.
Special equipment—Big-ticket equip­ment items that are owned primarily for wildlife-related recreation:
Bass boats
Other types of motor boats
Canoes and other types of nonmotor boats
Boat motors, boat trailer/hitches, and other boat accessories
Pickups, campers, vans, travel or tent trailers, motor homes, house trailers, recreational vehicles (RVs)
Cabins
Off-the-road vehicles such as trail bikes, all terrain vehicles (ATVs), dune buggies, four-wheelers, 4x4 vehicles, and snowmobiles
Other special equipment
Spenders—Individuals who spent money on fishing, hunting, or wildlife-watching activities or equipment and also participated in those activities.
Sportspersons—Individuals who engaged in fishing, hunting, or both.
Trip—An outing involving fishing, hunting, or wildlife watching. A trip may begin from an individual’s prin­cipal residence or from another place, such as a vacation home or the home of a relative. A trip may last an hour, a day, or many days.
Type of fishing—There are three types of fishing: (1) freshwater except Great Lakes, (2) Great Lakes, and (3) saltwater.
Type of hunting—There are four types of hunting: (1) big game, (2) small game, (3) migratory bird, and (4) other animal.
Unspecified expenditure—An item that was purchased for use in both fishing and hunting, rather than primarily one or the other. Auxiliary equipment, special equipment, maga­zines and books, and membership dues and contributions are the items for which a purchase could be categorized as “unspecified.”
Urban—All territory, population, and housing units located within boundaries that encompass densely settled territory, consisting of core census block groups or blocks that have a population density of at least 1,000 people per square mile and surrounding census blocks that have an overall density of at least 500 people per square mile. Under certain conditions, less densely settled territory may be included, as determined by the Census Bureau.
Visit parks or natural areas—A visit to places accessible to the public and that are owned or leased by a govern­mental entity, nongovernmental organi­zation, business, or a private individual or group such as an association or club.
Wildlife—Animals such as birds, fish, insects, mammals, amphibians, and reptiles that are living in natural or wild environments. Wildlife does not include animals living in aquariums, zoos, and other artificial surround­ings or domestic animals such as farm animals or pets.
Wildlife observed, photographed, or fed—Examples of species that wildlife watchers observe, photograph, and/or feed are (1) Wild birds—songbirds such as cardinals, robins, warblers, jays, buntings, and sparrows; birds of prey such as hawks, owls, eagles, and falcons; waterfowl such as ducks, geese, and swans; other water birds such as shorebirds, herons, pelicans, and cranes; and other birds such as pheasants, turkeys, road runners, and woodpeckers; (2) Land mammals—large land mammals such as bears, bison, deer, moose, and elk; small land mammals such as squirrels, foxes, prairie dogs, and rabbits; (3) Fish such as salmon, sharks, and groupers; (4) Marine mammals such as whales, dolphins, and manatees; and (5) Other wildlife such as butterflies, turtles, spiders, and snakes.
Wildlife-related recreation—
Recreational fishing, hunting, and
wildlife watching.
Wildlife watching—There are si