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Title	Atlantic salmon smolts
Alternative Title	Salmo salar
Creator	Steenstra,Peter
Description	Atlantic salmon spend the first two years of life in the fresh water habitats of their native stream (occasionally three, depending upon food availability). At two years of age, the fish undergo the process of smoltification, resulting in changes in certain cells of the gills and kidneys (allowing survival in either fresh or salt water), and brings about a silvery body color (better camouflage in the open ocean). Also during smoltification, salmon imprint upon the chemical "fingerprint" of their home river which allows them to recognize it upon their return from the sea. Once smoltification is complete, and water temperature increases to over 50o F, salmon smolts instinctively migrate downstream to the North Atlantic Ocean, and eventually to the cold waters off Greenland. Here they find food in the form of shrimp, herring and capelin, and two years later, at four, the survivors return to their home river to spawn. Unlike Pacific salmon, Atlantic salmon may repeat the spawning cycle several times.
FWS Resource Links	Green Lake Fish Hatchery: http://www.fws.gov/northeast/greenlake/
Subject	Fisheries Aquaculture Anadromous species Endangered species Fishes Fisheries management
Location	Maine
FWS Site	GREEN LAKE NATIONAL FISH HATCHERY
Publisher	U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Contributors	Green Lake National Fish Hatchery, Peter Steenstra
Date of Original	2006
Type	Still Image
Format	JPG
Item ID	atlanticSalmonsmolts.jpg
Source	NCTC Image Library
Language	English
Rights	Public Domain
Audience	General
File Size	103.794 kb
Height	433
Width	639
Color Space	RGB
Original Format	Digital
Full Resolution File Size	4.00 x 6.00 inches, 300 dpi (high, print quality)
Full resolution	Volume1\atlanticSalmonsmolts.jpg http://digitalmedia.fws.gov/FullRes/natdiglib/Volume1\atlanticSalmonsmolts.jpg
Date modified	2008-07-21