2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation Tennessee

              U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Tennessee
2006 National Survey
of Fishing, Hunting,
and Wildlife-Associated
Recreation
2006 National Survey of
Fishing, Hunting, and
Wildlife-Associated Recreation
FHW/06-TN
Issued May 2008
Tennessee
U.S. Department of the Interior
Dirk Kempthorne,
Secretary
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
H. Dale Hall,
Director
U.S. Department of Commerce
Carlos M. Gutierrez,
Secretary
John J. Sullivan,
Deputy Secretary
Economics and Statistics Administration
Cynthia A. Glassman,
Under Secretary for Economic Affairs
U.S. CENSUS BUREAU
Steve H. Murdock,
Director
The U.S. Department of the Interior protects and manages the Nation’s natural resources and cultural
heritage; provides scientifi c and other information about those resources; and honors its trust responsi-bilities
or special commitments to American Indians, Alaska Natives, and affi liated Island Communities.
The mission of the Department’s U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is working with others to conserve,
protect, and enhance fi sh, wildlife, and their habitats for the continuing benefi t of the American people.
The Service is responsible for national programs of vital importance to our natural resources, including
administration of the Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration Programs. These two programs provide fi nan-cial
assistance to the States for projects to enhance and protect fi sh and wildlife resources and to assure
their availability to the public for recreational purposes. Multistate grants from these programs fund the
National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation.
Suggested Citation
U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, and U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S.
Census Bureau. 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
H. Dale Hall,
Director
Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration
Rowan Gould,
Assistant Director
U.S. Department of the Interior
Dirk Kempthorne,
Secretary
U.S. CENSUS BUREAU
Steve H. Murdock,
Director
Economics and Statistics
Administration
Cynthia A. Glassman,
Under Secretary for Economic Affairs
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee iii
Contents
List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
Survey Background and Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Highlights
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Wildlife-Associated Recreation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Sportspersons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Anglers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Hunters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Wildlife Watchers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1996–2006 Comparisons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Tables
Guide to Statistical Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Fishing and Hunting Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Wildlife-Watching Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
National Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Appendixes
A. Defi nitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
B. 2005 Participation of 6- to 15-Year-Olds: Data From Screening Interviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
C. Signifi cant Methodological Changes From Previous Surveys and Regional Trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
D. Sample Design and Statistical Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
iv 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Fishing and Hunting
1. Fishing and Hunting in Tennessee by Resident and Nonresident Sportspersons: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2. Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in Tennessee by Type of Fishing
and Hunting: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3. Anglers and Hunters, Trips, and Days of Participation: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4. Tennessee Resident Anglers and Hunters by Place Fished or Hunted: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5. Tennessee Resident Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in the
United States by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
6. Freshwater Anglers, Trips, Days of Fishing, and Type of Water Fished: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
7. Freshwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in Tennessee by Type of Fish: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
8. Great Lakes Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in Tennessee: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
9. Great Lakes Anglers and Days of Fishing in Tennessee by Type of Fish: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
10. Saltwater Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in Tennessee: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
11. Saltwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in Tennessee by Type of Fish: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
12. Hunters, Trips, and Days of Hunting in Tennessee by Type of Hunting: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
13. Hunters and Days of Hunting in Tennessee by Type of Game: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
14. Hunters and Days of Hunting in Tennessee by Type of Land: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
15. Selected Characteristics of Tennessee Resident Anglers and Hunters: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
16. Summary of Expenditures in Tennessee by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for
Fishing and Hunting: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
17. Summary of Fishing Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Tennessee by State Residents and
Nonresidents Combined by Type of Fishing: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
18. Summary of Hunting Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Tennessee by State Residents and
Nonresidents Combined by Type of Hunting: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
19. Expenditures in Tennessee by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Fishing: 2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
20. Expenditures in Tennessee by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Hunting: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
21. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Tennessee for Fishing and Hunting by Tennessee Residents
and Nonresidents: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
22. Summary of Tennessee Residents’ Fishing and Hunting Expenditures Both Inside and Outside
Tennessee: 2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
23. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by Tennessee Residents for Fishing and Hunting: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Wildlife Watching
24. Wildlife Watching in Tennessee by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
25. Participants, Trips, and Days of Participation in Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching in
Tennessee: 2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
26. Away-From-Home Wildlife-Watching Participants by Wildlife Observed, Photographed, or
Fed in Tennessee: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
List of Tables
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee v
27. Participation in Wildlife-Watching Activities Around the Home in Tennessee: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
28. Tennessee Residents Participating in Wildlife Watching in the United States: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
29. Wild Bird Observers and Days of Observation in Tennessee by State Residents and
Nonresidents: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
30. Selected Characteristics of Tennessee Residents Participating in Wildlife Watching: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
31. Expenditures in Tennessee by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Wildlife
Watching: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
32. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Tennessee for Wildlife Watching by Tennessee Residents
and Nonresidents: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
33. Wildlife-Watching Expenditures Both Inside and Outside Tennessee by Tennessee
Residents: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
34. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by Tennessee Residents for Wildlife Watching: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
35. Participation of Tennessee Resident Wildlife-Watching Participants in Fishing and
Hunting: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
36. Participation of Tennessee Resident Sportspersons in Wildlife-Watching Activities: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
National Tables
37. Participation in Wildlife-Associated Recreation by State Residents Both Inside and Outside
Their Resident State: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
38. Anglers and Hunters by Sportsperson’s State of Residence: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
39. Participation in Wildlife-Associated Recreation in Each State by Both Residents and
Nonresidents of the State: 2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
40. Anglers and Hunters by State Where Fishing or Hunting Took Place: 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
vi 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
I fi nd duck hunting with friends in
a bottomland hardwood swamp or
fi shing with my kids on an Oregon
river bolsters my spirit and reminds me
why I care about conservation and our
wildlife heritage.
But wildlife-associated and vital
recreation—activities such as hunting,
fi shing, and birding���also provide
signifi cant fi nancial support for wildlife
conservation in our Nation’s economy.
According to information from the
newest National Survey of Fishing,
Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated
Recreation, 87.5 million Americans
spent more than $122 billion in 2006
on wildlife-related recreation. And
this spending supports hundreds of
thousands of jobs in industries and
businesses.
The Survey is conducted every fi ve
years at the request of State fi sh and
wildlife agencies to measure the impor-tance
of wildlife-based recreation to the
American people. The 2006 Survey
represents the 11th in a series that
began in 1955. Developed in collabo-ration
with the States, the Association
of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, and
national conservation organizations,
the Survey has become one of the most
important sources of information on
fi sh and wildlife-related recreation in
the United States.
In the 75-year history of the Sport Fish
and Wildlife Restoration Programs,
excise taxes on fi rearms, ammunition,
archery, and angling equipment have
generated a cumulative total of more
than $10 billion for wildlife conserva-tion
efforts by State and Territorial
wildlife agencies for fi sh and wildlife
management.
My thanks go to the men and women
who took time to participate in the
survey, as well as to the State fi sh and
wildlife agencies for their fi nancial
support through the Multistate Conser-vation
Grant Programs. Without that
support, the 2006 Survey would never
have been possible.
I am comforted to know that my chil-dren
and all Americans will have the
opportunity to appreciate our Nation’s
rich wildlife tradition. Along with
a record number of Americans, we
continue to enjoy wildlife. We are
laying the foundation for conservation’s
future.
H. Dale Hall
Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Foreword
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee vii
Survey Background and Method
The National Survey of Fishing,
Hunting, and Wildlife-Asso ciated
Recreation (Survey) has been
conducted since 1955 and is one of
the oldest and most comprehensive
continuing recreation surveys. The
Survey collects information on the
number of anglers, hunters, and wild-life
watchers; how often they partici-pate;
and how much they spend on their
activities in the United States.
Preparations for the 2006 Survey began
in 2004 when the Association of Fish
and Wildlife Agencies (AFWA) recom-mended
that the Fish and Wildlife
Service conduct the 11th Survey of
wildlife-related recreation. Funding
came from the Multistate Conservation
Grant Programs, authorized by Sport
Fish and Wildlife Restoration Acts, as
amended.
We consulted with State and Federal
agencies and nongovernmental
o rganizations such as the Wildlife
Management Institute and American
Sportfi shing Association to determine
survey content. Other sportsper-sons’
organizations and conservation
groups, industry representatives, and
researchers also provided valuable
advice.
Four regional technical committees
were set up under the auspices of the
AFWA to ensure that State fi sh and
wildlife agencies had an opportunity to
participate in all phases of survey plan-ning
and design. The committees were
made up of agency representatives.
Data collection for the Survey was
carried out by the U.S. Census Bureau
in two phases. The fi rst phase was the
screen which began in April 2006.
During this phase, the Census Bureau
interviewed a sample of 85,000 house-holds
nationwide to determine who
in the household had fi shed, hunted,
or wildlife watched in 2005, and who
had engaged or planned to engage
in those activities in 2006. In most
cases, one adult household member
provided information for all members.
The screen primarily covered 2005
activities while the next, more in-depth
phase covered 2006 activities. For
more information on 2005 data, refer to
Appendix B.
The second phase of data collection
consisted of three detailed inter-view
waves. The fi rst began in April
2006 concurrent with the screen, the
second in September 2006, and the
last in January 2007. Interviews were
conducted with samples of likely
anglers, hunters, and wildlife watchers
who were identifi ed in the initial
screening phase. Interviews were
conducted primarily by phone, with
in-person interviews for respondents
who could not be reached by phone.
Respondents in the second survey
phase were limited to those who were
at least 16 years old. Each respondent
provided information pertaining only to
his or her activities and expenditures.
Sample sizes were designed to provide
statistically reliable results at the state
level. Information on sampling proce-dures,
sample sizes, and response rates
is found in Appendix D.
Comparability With Previous
Surveys
The 2006 Survey questions and meth-odology
were similar to those used
in the 2001, 1996, and 1991 Surveys.
Therefore, the estimates are compa-rable.
The methodology of these Surveys
did differ importantly from the 1985
and 1980 Surveys, so these estimates
are not directly comparable to those
of earlier surveys. Changes in meth-odology
included reducing the recall
period over which respondents had to
report their activities and expenditures.
Previous Surveys used a 12-month
recall period, which resulted in greater
reporting bias. Research found that the
amount of activity and expenditures
reported in 12-month recall surveys
was overestimated in comparison
with that reported using shorter recall
periods.
Highlights
2 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Introduction
The National Survey of Fishing,
Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated
Recreation reports results from inter-views
with U.S. residents about their
fi shing, hunting, and wildlife watching.
This report focuses on 2006 participa-tion
and expenditures of persons 16
years of age and older.
The Survey is a snapshot of one year.
The information it collected tells us
how many people participated and
how much they spent on their activi-ties
in the State in 2006. It does not
tell us how many anglers, hunters, and
wildlife watchers there were because
many do not participate every year.
For example, based on information
collected by the Survey’s household
screen and detailed phase, we can
estimate that about 33 percent more
anglers and hunters participated nation-ally
in at least 1 of the 4 years prior to
the survey year 2006.
In addition to 2006 estimates, we also
provide trend information in the High-lights
section and Appendix C of the
report. The 2006 numbers reported can
be compared with those in the 1991,
1996, and 2001 Survey reports because
they used similar methodologies. The
2006 estimates should not be directly
compared with results from Surveys
conducted earlier than 1991 because
of changes in methodology to improve
accuracy.
The report also provides information
on participation in wildlife recreation
in 2005, particularly of persons 6 to 15
years of age. The 2005 information is
provided in Appendix B. Information
about the Survey’s scope and coverage
is in Appendix D. The remainder of this
section defi nes important terms used in
the Survey.
This report does not provide infor-mation
about the State’s wildlife
resources. That, and additional infor-mation
on wildlife-related recreation,
may be obtained from State fi sh and
wildlife agencies. The Association of
Fish and Wildlife Agencies can provide
the addresses and telephone numbers of
those agencies. The Association’s Web
site is .
Wildlife-Associated Recreation
Wildlife-associated recreation is
fi shing, hunting, and wildlife-watching
activities. These categories are not
mutually exclusive because many indi-viduals
participated in more than one
activity. Wildlife-associated recreation
is reported in two major categories: (1)
fi shing and hunting and (2) wildlife
watching, which includes observing,
photographing, and feeding fi sh or
wildlife.
Fishing and Hunting
This Survey reports information about
residents of the United States who
fi shed or hunted in 2006, regardless of
whether they were licensed. The fi shing
and hunting sections report information
for three groups: (1) sportspersons, (2)
anglers, and (3) hunters.
Sportspersons
Sportspersons are those who fi shed
or hunted. Individuals who fi shed
or hunted commercially in 2006 are
reported as sportspersons only if they
also fi shed or hunted for recreation.
The sportspersons group is composed
of three subgroups, as shown in the
diagram on this page: (1) those that
fi shed and hunted, (2) those that only
fi shed, and (3) those that only hunted.
The total number of sportspersons is
equal to the sum of people who only
fi shed, only hunted, and both hunted
and fi shed. It is not the sum of all
anglers and all hunters because those
people who both fi shed and hunted are
included in both the angler and hunter
population and would be incorrectly
counted twice.
Anglers
Anglers are sportspersons who only
fi shed plus those who fi shed and
hunted. Anglers include not only
licensed hook and line anglers, but
also those who have no license and
those who use special methods such as
fi shing with spears.
Three types of fi shing are reported: (1)
freshwater, excluding the Great Lakes,
(2) Great Lakes, and (3) saltwater.
Since many anglers participated in
more than one type of fi shing, the total
number of anglers is less than the sum
of the three types of fi shing.
Hunters
Hunters are sportspersons who only
hunted plus those who hunted and
fi shed. Hunters include not only
licensed hunters using rifl es and shot-guns
but also those who had no license
and those who hunted with a bow and
arrow, primitive fi rearm, or pistol or
handgun.
Sportspersons
Anglers Hunters
Fished
only
Fished
and
hunted
Hunted
only
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee 3
Four types of hunting are reported: (1)
big game, (2) small game, (3) migra-tory
bird, and (4) other animals. Since
many hunters participated in more than
one type of hunting, the sum of hunters
for big game, small game, migratory
bird, and other animals exceeds the
total number of hunters.
Wildlife Watchers
Since 1980, the National Survey has
included information on wildlife-watching
activities in addition to
fi shing and hunting. The 1991, 1996,
2001, and 2006 Surveys, unlike the
1980 and 1985 Surveys, collected data
only for activities where the primary
purpose was wildlife watching. The
1980 and 1985 Surveys included esti-mates
of unplanned wildlife watching
around the home and while on trips
taken for another purpose.
The 2006 Survey uses a strict defi ni-tion
of wildlife watching. Participants
must either take a “special interest”
in w ildlife around their homes or take
a trip for the “primary purpose” of
wildlife watching. Secondary wild-life
watching, such as incidentally
observing wildlife while pleasure
driving, is not included.
Two types of wildlife watching
are reported: (1) away-from-home
(formerly nonresidential) activities and
(2) around-the-home (formerly residen-tial)
activities. Because some people
participated in more than one type of
wildlife watching, the sum of partici-pants
in each type will be greater than
the total number of wildlife watchers.
The two types of wildlife-watching
activity are explained next.
Away-From-Home Wildlife
Watching
This group includes persons who
took trips or outings of at least 1 mile
from home for the primary purpose of
observing, feeding, or photographing
fi sh and wildlife. Trips to fi sh, hunt,
or scout and trips to zoos, circuses,
aq uariums, and museums are not
considered wildlife-watching activities.
Around-the-Home Wildlife
Watching
This group includes those who
participated within 1 mile of home and
involves one or more of the following:
(1) closely observing or trying to iden-tify
birds or other wildlife; (2) photo-graphing
wildlife; (3) feeding birds or
other wildlife; (4) maintaining natural
areas of at least 1/4 acre where benefi t
to wildlife is the primary concern; (5)
maintaining plantings (shrubs, agri-cultural
crops, etc.) where benefi t to
wildlife is the primary concern; or (6)
visiting public parks within 1 mile
of home for the primary purpose of
observing, feeding, or photographing
wildlife.
4 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
2006 Tennessee Summary
Fishing
Anglers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 871,000
Days of fi shing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,103,000
Average days per angler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Total expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $599,683,000
Trip-related . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $290,424,000
Equipment and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . $309,259,000
Average per angler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $623
Average trip expenditure per day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $19
Hunting
Hunters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329,000
Days of hunting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,729,000
Average days per hunter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Total expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $488,420,000
Trip-related . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $109,447,000
Equipment and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . $378,973,000
Average per hunter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $867
Average trip expenditure per day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $19
Wildlife Watching
Total wildlife-watching participants . . . . . 2,362,000
Away-from-home participants . . . . . . . . . 1,007,000
Around-the-home participants . . . . . . . . . 1,853,000
Days of participation away from home . . . . 15,486,000
Average days of participation
away from home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Total expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $992,365,000
Trip-related . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $327,240,000
Equipment and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . $665,126,000
Average per participant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $400
Average trip expenditure per day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $21
Activities in Tennessee by Residents
and Nonresidents Activities in Tennessee by Nonresidents
Fishing
Anglers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214,000
Days of fi shing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,882,000
Average days per angler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Total expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $136,012,000
Trip-related . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $69,228,000
Equipment and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $66,784,000
Average per angler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $637
Average trip expenditure per day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $37
Hunting
Hunters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,000
Days of hunting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386,000
Average days per hunter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Total expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $237,557,000
Trip-related . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $13,775,000
Equipment and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . $223,782,000
Average per hunter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,744
Average trip expenditure per day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $36
Wildlife Watching
Total wildlife-watching participants . . . . . . 397,000
Away-from-home participants . . . . . . . . . . 397,000
Around-the-home participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (X)
Days of participation away from home . . . . 2,039,000
Average days of participation
away from home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Total expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $343,328,000
Trip-related . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $228,865,000
Equipment and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . $114,464,000
Average per participant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $747
Average trip expenditure per day . . . . . . . . . . . . . $112
(X) Not applicable.
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee 5
Activities in Tennessee by Residents
Fishing
Anglers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 658,000
Days of fi shing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,221,000
Average days per angler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Total expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $463,671,000
Trip-related . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $221,196,000
Equipment and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . $242,475,000
Average per angler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $705
Average trip expenditure per day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $17
Hunting
Hunters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265,000
Days of hunting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,343,000
Average days per hunter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Total expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $250,863,000
Trip-related . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $95,672,000
Equipment and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . $155,191,000
Average per hunter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $945
Average trip expenditure per day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $18
Wildlife Watching
Total wildlife-watching participants . . . . 1,966,000
Away-from-home participants . . . . . . . . . . 611,000
Around-the-home participants . . . . . . . . 1,853,000
Days of participation away from home . . . . 13,447,000
Average days of participation
away from home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Total expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $649,037,000
Trip-related . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $98,375,000
Equipment and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . $550,662,000
Average per participant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $330
Average trip expenditure per day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $7
Activities by Tennessee Residents Both Inside
and Outside Tennessee
Fishing
Anglers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 708,000
Days of fi shing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,966,000
Average days per angler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Total expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $576,667,000
Trip-related . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $326,689,000
Equipment and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . $249,978,000
Average per angler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $815
Average trip expenditure per day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $23
Hunting
Hunters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284,000
Days of hunting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,318,000
Average days per hunter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Total expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $481,767,000
Trip-related . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $152,433,000
Equipment and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . $329,334,000
Average per hunter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,697
Average trip expenditure per day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $24
Wildlife Watching
Total wildlife-watching participants . . . . . 1,966,000
Away-from-home participants . . . . . . . . . . 725,000
Around-the-home participants . . . . . . . . . 1,853,000
Days of participation away from home . . . . 15,031,000
Average days of participation
away from home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Total expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $815,865,000
Trip-related . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $242,507,000
Equipment and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . $573,358,000
Average per participant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $415
Average trip expenditure per day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $16
6 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Participation in Tennessee
The 2006 Survey found that 2.8 million
Tennessee residents and nonresidents
16 years old and older fi shed, hunted,
or wildlife watched in Tennessee. Of
the total number of participants, 871
thousand fi shed, 329 thousand hunted,
and 2.4 million participated in wildlife -
watching activities, which include
observing, feeding, and photographing
wildlife. The sum of anglers, hunters,
and wildlife watchers exceeds the total
number of participants in wildlife -
related recreation because many
individuals engaged in more than
one wildlife-related activity.
Participation by 6-to-15-Year-Old
Tennessee Residents
The focus of the National Survey is
on the activity of participants 16 years
old and older. However, the activity of
6- to 15-year-olds can be calculated
using the screening data covering the
year 2005. It is assumed for estima-tion
purposes that the relative activity
levels of 6-to-15-year-old participants
and participants 16 years old and older
remained the same in 2005 and 2006.
Based on this assumption, in addition
to the 708 thousand resident anglers
16 years old and older, there were
164 thousand resident anglers 6 to 15
years old. Also, in addition to the 284
thousand residents 16 years old and
older who hunted, there were 57 thou-sand
6-to-15-year-old residents who
hunted. Finally, there were 2.0 million
Tennessee residents 16 years old and
older and 285 thousand 6- to 15-year-olds
who wildlife watched. Further
information on 6- to 15-year-olds is
provided in Appendix B.
Expenditures in Tennessee
In 2006, state residents and nonresi-dents
spent $2.3 billion on wildlife
recreation in Tennessee. Of that total,
trip-related expenditures were $727
million and equipment purchases
totaled $1.3 billion. The remaining
$288 million was spent on licenses,
contributions, land ownership and
leasing, and other items.
Wildlife-Associated Recreation
Participants in Wildlife-Associated Recreation
in Tennessee: 2006
(U.S. residents 16 years old and older)
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 million
Sportspersons
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 969 thousand
Anglers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 871 thousand
Hunters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 thousand
Wildlife Watchers
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 million
Away from home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 million
Around the home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9 million
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Tables 3, 24, and 39.
Percent of Total Participants
by Activity
(Total: 2.8 million participants)
Wildlife
watching
Fishing Hunting
31%
12%
84%
Wildlife-Associated Recreation
Expenditures in Tennessee
(Total: $2.3 billion)
Equipment
56%
Trip-related
31%
Other
12%
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee 7
Sportspersons
In 2006, 969 thousand state resident
and nonresident sportspersons 16
years old and older fi shed or hunted
in Tennessee. This group comprised
871 thousand anglers (90 percent of
all sportspersons) and 329 thousand
hunters (34 percent of all sportsper-sons).
Among the 969 thousand
sportspersons who fi shed or hunted in
the state, 640 thousand (66 percent)
fi shed but did not hunt in Tennessee.
Another 98 thousand (10 percent)
hunted but did not fi sh there. The
remaining 231 thousand (24 percent)
fi shed and hunted in Tennessee in 2006.
Sportspersons’ Participation in Tennessee
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Sportspersons (fi shed or hunted) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 969 thousand
Anglers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 871 thousand
Fished only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 640 thousand
Fished and hunted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 thousand
Hunters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 thousand
Hunted only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 thousand
Hunted and fi shed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 thousand
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 1.
8 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Anglers
Participants and Days of Fishing
In 2006, 871 thousand state residents
and nonresidents 16 years old and
older fi shed in Tennessee. Of this total,
658 thousand anglers (75 percent)
were state residents and 214 thousand
anglers (25 percent) were nonresidents.
Anglers fi shed a total of 15.1 million
days in Tennessee—an average of 17
days per angler. State residents fi shed
13.2 million days—88 percent of
all fi shing days in Tennessee. Nonres-idents
fi shed 1.9 million days in
Tennessee—12 percent of all fi shing
days in the state.
A large majority of Tennessee residents
who fi shed anywhere in the United
States did so in their resident state.
There were 708 thousand Tennessee
residents 16 years old and older who
fi shed in the United States in 2006 for a
total of 14.0 million days. An estimated
93 percent of all Tennessee residents
who fi shed did so in their home state.
Of all fi shing days by Tennessee
residents, 95 percent or 13.2 million
were in their home state.
Some state residents fi shed in states
other than Tennessee. In 2006, 139
thousand Tennessee residents fi shed in
other states—20 percent of all residents
fi shing in any state. They fi shed 912
thousand days as nonresidents, repre-senting
7 percent of all days fi shed by
Tennessee residents. For further details
about fi shing in Tennessee, see Table 3.
Anglers in Tennessee
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Anglers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 871 thousand
Resident . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 658 thousand
Nonresident . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 thousand
Days of fi shing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.1 million
Resident . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.2 million
Nonresident . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9 million
Source: Table 3.
In State/Out of State
(State residents 16 years old and older)
Tennessee anglers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 708 thousand
In Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 658 thousand
In other states. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 thousand
Days of fi shing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.0 million
In Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.2 million
In other states. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 912 thousand
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 3.
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee 9
Fishing Expenditures in Tennessee
All fi shing-related expenditures in
Tennessee totaled $600 million in
2006. Trip-related expenditures, which
include food and lodging, transporta-tion,
and other trip expenses, totaled
$290 million—48 percent of all fi shing
expenditures. Expenditures for food
and lodging were $101 million and
transportation expenditures were $91
million. Other trip expenses, such as
equipment rental, bait, and cooking
fuel, totaled $99 million. Each angler
spent an average of $333 on trip-related
costs during 2006.
Anglers spent $281 million on equip-ment
in Tennessee in 2006, 47 percent
of all fi shing expenditures. Fishing
equipment (rods, reels, line, etc.)
spending totaled $91 million—32
percent of the equipment total. Auxil-iary
equipment expenditures (tents,
special fi shing clothes, etc.) and special
equipment expenditures (boats, vans,
etc.) amounted to $190 million—68
percent of the equipment total. Special
and auxiliary equipment are items that
were purchased for fi shing but could be
used in activities other than fi shing.
The purchase of other items, such as
magazines, membership dues, licenses,
permits, stamps, and land leasing and
ownership, amounted to $29 million—5
percent of all fi shing expenditures. For
more details about fi shing expenditures
in Tennessee, see Tables 19 and 21
through 23.
Fishing Expenditures in Tennessee
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $600 million
Trip-related . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $290 million
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $281 million
Fishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $91 million
Auxiliary and special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $190 million
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $29 million
Source: Table 19.
Percent of Anglers by Residence
(Total: 871 thousand participants)
Residents Nonresidents
75%
25%
Fishing Expenditures
in Tennessee
(Total: $600 million)
Trip-related
48%
Other
5%
Equipment
47%
10 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Hunters
Participants and Days of Hunting
In 2006, there were 329 thousand
residents and nonresidents 16 years old
and older who hunted in Tennessee.
Resident hunters numbered 265 thou-sand,
accounting for 81 percent of the
hunters in Tennessee. There were 64
thousand nonresidents who hunted in
Tennessee—19 percent of the state’s
hunters. Residents and nonresidents
hunted 5.7 million days in 2006, an
average of 17 days per hunter. Resi-dents
hunted 5.3 million days in
Tennessee or 93 percent of all hunting
days, while nonresidents spent 386
thousand days hunting in Tennessee or
7 percent of all hunting days.
There were 284 thousand Tennessee
residents 16 years old and older who
hunted in the United States in 2006
for a total of 6.3 million days. An
estimated 93 percent of all Tennessee
residents who hunted did so in their
home state. Of all hunting days by
Tennessee residents, 85 percent or
5.3 million were spent pursuing game
in their home state.
Some state residents hunted in states
other than Tennessee. Altogether, 62
thousand or 22 percent of all Tennessee
hunters hunted in other states. Their
997 thousand days of hunting in other
states represented 16 percent of all days
Tennessee residents spent hunting in
2006. For more information on hunting
activities by Tennessee residents, see
Table 3.
Hunters in Tennessee
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Hunters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 thousand
Resident . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 thousand
Nonresident . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 thousand
Days of hunting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 million
Resident . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 million
Nonresident . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386 thousand
Source: Table 3.
In State/Out of State
(State residents 16 years old and older)
Tennessee hunters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 thousand
In Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 thousand
In other states. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 thousand
Days of hunting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 million
In Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 million
In other states. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 997 thousand
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 3.
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee 11
Hunting Expenditures in Tennessee
All hunting-related expenditures in
Tennessee totaled $488 million in 2006.
Trip-related expenses, such as food and
lodging, transportation, and other trip
expenses, totaled $109 million—22
percent of total expenditures. Expen-ditures
for food and lodging were $52
million and transportation expenditures
were $45 million. Other trip expenses,
such as equipment rental, totaled $12
million for the year. The average
trip-related expenditure per hunter
was $333.
Hunters spent $350 million on
equipment—72 percent of all hunting
expenditures. Hunting equipment
(guns, ammunition, etc.) totaled $110
million and made up 31 percent of
all equipment costs. Hunters spent
$241 million on auxiliary equipment
(tents, special hunting clothes, etc.)
and special equipment (boats, vans,
etc.), accounting for 69 percent of total
equipment expenditures for hunting.
Special and auxiliary equipment are
items that were purchased for hunting
but could be used in activities other
than hunting.
The purchase of other items, such as
magazines, membership dues, licenses,
permits, and land leasing and owner-ship,
cost hunters $29 million—6
percent of all hunting expenditures. For
more details on hunting expenditures in
Tennessee, see Tables 20 through 23.
Hunting Expenditures in Tennessee
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $488 million
Trip-related . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $109 million
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $350 million
Hunting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $110 million
Auxiliary and special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $241 million
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $29 million
Source: Table 20.
Percent of Hunters by Residence
(Total: 329 thousand participants)
Residents Nonresidents
81%
19%
Hunting Expenditures
in Tennessee
(Total: $488 million)
Trip-related
22%
Other
6%
Equipment
72%
12 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Wildlife Watchers
Participants and Days of Activity
In 2006, 2.4 million U.S. residents 16
years old and older fed, observed, or
photographed wildlife in Tennessee.
Most of them, 78 percent (1.9 million),
enjoyed their activities close to home
and are called “around-the-home”
participants. Those persons who
enjoyed wildlife at least 1 mile from
home are called “away-from-home”
participants. People participating
in away-from-home activities in
Tennessee in 2006 numbered 1.0
million—43 percent of all wildlife
watchers in Tennessee. Of the 1.0
million, 611 thousand were state
residents and 397 thousand were
nonresidents.
Tennessee residents 16 years old and
older who enjoyed away-from-home
wildlife watching within their state
totaled 611 thousand. Of this group,
606 thousand participants observed
wildlife, 133 thousand fed wildlife, and
294 thousand photographed wildlife.
Since some individuals engaged in
more than 1 of the 3 away-from-home
activities during the year, the sum of
wildlife observers, feeders, and photog-raphers
exceeds the total number of
away-from-home participants.
Tennessee residents spent 13.4 million
days engaged in away-from-home
wildlife-watching activities in their
state. They spent 12.6 million days
observing wildlife, 1.6 million days
feeding wildlife, and 3.3 million days
photographing wildlife. The sum of
days observing, feeding, and photo-graphing
wildlife exceeds the total days
of wildlife-watching activity because
individuals engaged in more than one
activity on some days. For further
details about away-from-home activi-ties,
see Table 25.
Tennessee residents also took an active
interest in wildlife around their homes.
In 2006, 1.9 million state residents
enjoyed observing, feeding, and photo-graphing
wildlife within 1 mile of their
homes. Among this around-the-home
group, 1.6 million fed, 1.4 million
observed, and 370 thousand photo-graphed
wildlife around their homes.
Another 273 thousand participants
maintained natural areas of 1/4 acre or
Wildlife-Watching Participants in Tennessee
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 million
Around the home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9 million
Away from home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 million
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 24.
Away-From-Home Wildlife-Watching Participation in Tennessee
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Participants, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 million
Observe wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 997 thousand
Feed wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 thousand
Photograph wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543 thousand
Days, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.5 million
Observe wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.4 million
Feed wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0 million
Photograph wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 million
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 25.
Around-the-Home Wildlife-Watching Participation in Tennessee
(State residents 16 years old and older)
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9 million
Feed wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6 million
Observe wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 million
Photograph wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370 thousand
Maintain natural areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273 thousand
Maintain plantings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282 thousand
Visit public areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 thousand
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 27.
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee 13
more for wildlife; 282 thousand partici-pants
maintained plantings for the
benefi t of wildlife; and 180 thousand
participants visited public parks within
a mile of home because of the wildlife.
Summing the number of participants in
these six activities results in an esti-mate
that exceeds the total number of
around-the-home participants because
many people participated in more than
one type of around-the-home activity.
In addition, 33 percent of resident
around-the-home wildlife watchers
also enjoyed wildlife away from home.
For further details about Tennessee
residents participating in around-the-home
wildlife-watching activities, see
Table 27.
Wild Bird Observers
Bird watching attracted many wildlife
enthusiasts in Tennessee. In 2006, 1.8
million people observed birds around
the home and on trips in the state.
Seventy-one percent (1.3 million)
observed wild birds around the home
while 51 percent (931 thousand) took
trips away from home to watch birds.
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures
in Tennessee
Wildlife watchers spent $992 million
on wildlife-watching activities in
Tennessee in 2006. Trip-related expen-ditures,
including food and lodging
($215 million), transportation ($103
million), and other trip expenses ($9
million), such as equipment rental,
amounted to $327 million. This
summation comprised 33 percent of
all wildlife-watching expenditures by
participants. The average of the trip-related
expenditures for away-from-home
participants was $324 per person
in 2006.
Wildlife-watching participants spent
$434 million on equipment—44 percent
of all their expenditures. Specifi cally,
wildlife-watching equipment (binocu-lars,
special clothing, etc.) expenditures
totaled $271 million, 63 percent of
the equipment total. Auxiliary equip-ment
expenditures (tents, backpacking
equipment, etc.) and special equipment
expenditures (campers, trucks, etc.)
amounted to $163 million—37 percent
of all equipment costs. Special and
auxiliary equipment are items that were
purchased for wildlife-watching recre-ation
but can be used in activities other
than wildlife-watching activities.
Other items purchased by wildlife -
watching participants, such as
magazines, membership dues and
contributions, land leasing and owner-ship,
and plantings, totaled $232
million—23 percent of all wildlife-watching
expenditures. For more details
about wildlife-watching expenditures in
Tennessee, see Table 31.
Wild Bird Observers in Tennessee
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Participants, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8 million
Around the home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 million
Away from home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 931 thousand
Days, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198.4 million
Around the home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184.1 million
Away from home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.3 million
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Source: Table 29.
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures in Tennessee
(State residents and nonresidents 16 years old and older)
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $992 million
Trip-related . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $327 million
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $434 million
Wildlife watching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $271 million
Auxiliary and special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $163 million
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $232 million
Source: Table 31.
Around-the-Home and
Away-From-Home Participation
by Tennessee Residents
(Total: 1.9 million participants)
Both around
the home and
away from
home
Around the
home only
67%
33%
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures
in Tennessee
(Total: $992 million)
Trip-related
33%
Other
23%
Equipment
44%
14 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
1996–2006 Comparisons
Comparing the estimates from the
1996, 2001, and 2006 Surveys gives
a perspective on the state of wildlife-related
recreation in the late 1990s and
early-to-mid 2000s in Tennessee. Only
the most general recreation compari-sons
are presented here.
The best way to compare estimates
from surveys is not to compare the
estimates themselves but to compare
the confi dence intervals around the
estimates. A 90-percent confi dence
interval around an estimate gives the
range of estimates that 90 percent of all
possible representative samples would
supply. If the 90-percent confi dence
intervals of two surveys’ estimates
overlap, it is not possible to say the two
estimates are statistically different.
The state resident estimates cover the
participation and expenditure activity
of Tennessee residents anywhere in
the United States. The in-state esti-mates
cover the participation, day, and
expenditure activity of U.S. residents in
Tennessee.
The expenditure estimates were made
comparable by adjusting the estimates
for infl ation—all estimates are in 2006
dollars.
Tennessee 1996 and 2006 Comparison
(Numbers in thousands)
1996 2006 Percent change
Fishing
Anglers in state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 860 871 *
Days in state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,317 15,103 *
In-state expenditures by U.S. anglers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $611,539 $599,683 *
State resident anglers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 704 708 *
Total expenditures by state residents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $635,081 $576,667 *
Hunting
Hunters in state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408 329 *
Days in state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,057 5,729 *
In-state expenditures by U.S. hunters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $814,477 $488,420 *
State resident hunters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380 284 –25
Total expenditures by state residents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,062,625 $481,767 *
Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching
Participants in state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655 1,007 54
Days in state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,452 15,486 248
State resident participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 725 81
Around-the-Home Wildlife Watching
Total participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,451 1,853 28
Observers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 871 1,353 55
Feeders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,397 1,589 *
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures
In-state expenditures by U.S. wildlife watchers . . . . . . . . . . $566,271 $992,365 75
Total expenditures by state residents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $495,255 $815,865 *
* Not different from zero at the 10 percent level of signifi cance.
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee 15
Tennessee 2001 and 2006 Comparison
(Numbers in thousands)
2001 2006 Percent change
Fishing
Anglers in state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 903 871 *
Days in state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,035 15,103 *
In-state expenditures by U.S. anglers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $547,452 $599,683 *
State resident anglers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 803 708 *
Total expenditures by state residents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $534,479 $576,667 *
Hunting
Hunters in state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359 329 *
Days in state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,651 5,729 *
In-state expenditures by U.S. hunters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $671,108 $488,420 *
State resident hunters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 284 *
Total expenditures by state residents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $751,332 $481,767 *
Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching
Participants in state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 683 1,007 47
Days in state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,144 15,486 152
State resident participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375 725 93
Around-the-Home Wildlife Watching
Total participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,655 1,853 *
Observers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,059 1,353 28
Feeders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,570 1,589 *
Wildlife-Watching Expenditures
In-state expenditures by U.S. wildlife watchers . . . . . . . . . . $511,339 $992,365 94
Total expenditures by state residents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $385,165 $815,865 112
* Not different from zero at the 10 percent level of signifi cance.
1996 2001 2006 1996 2001 2006 1996 2001 2006
Number of People Who Hunted and
Fished in Tennessee: 1996–2006
(In thousands)
408
860
359
903
329
871
Number of People Who Wildlife Watched
in Tennessee: 1996–2006
(In thousands)
655
1,451
683
1,655
1,007
1,853
Total Expenditures by Participants
in Tennessee: 1996���2006
(In millions of 2006 dollars)
612
814
566 547
671
511
600
488
992
Hunters
Anglers
Away from home
Around the home
Wildlife watchers
Hunters
Anglers
16 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Purpose and Coverage of Tables
The statistical tables of this report were
designed to meet a wide range of needs
for those interested in wildlife-related
recreation. Special terms used in these
tables are defi ned in Appendix A.
The tables are based on responses to
the 2006 Survey, which was designed
to collect data about participation in
wi ldlife-related recreation. To have
taken part in the Survey, a respondent
must have been a U.S. resident (a
resident of one of the 50 states or the
District of Columbia). No one residing
outside the United States (including
U.S. citizens) was eligible for inter-viewing.
Therefore, reported state and
national totals do not include partici-pation
by those who were not U.S.
residents or who were U.S. citizens
residing outside the United States.
Comparability With Previous
Surveys
The numbers reported can be compared
with those in the 1991, 1996, and 2001
Survey Reports. The methodology used
in 2006 was similar to that used in
those Surveys. These results should not
be directly compared to results from
Surveys earlier than 1991 since there
were major changes in methodology
in 1991. These changes were made to
improve accuracy in the estimates.
Coverage of an Individual Table
Since the Survey covers many activi-ties
in various places by participants
of different ages, all table titles,
headnotes, stubs, and footnotes are
designed to identify and articulate each
item being reported in the table. For
example, the title of Table 2 shows that
data about anglers and hunters, their
days of participation, and their number
of trips are reported by type of activity.
By contrast, the title of Table 7 indi-cates
that it contains data on freshwater
anglers and the days they fi shed for
different species.
Percentages Reported in the Tables
Percentages are reported in the tables
for the convenience of the user. When
exclusive groups are being reported, the
base of a percentage is apparent from
its context because the percents add to
100 percent (plus or minus a rounding
error). For example, Table 2 reports
the number of trips taken by big game
hunters, those taken by small game
hunters, those taken by migratory bird
hunters, and those taken by hunters
pursuing other animals. These comprise
100 percent because they are exclusive
categories.
Percents should not add to 100 when
nonexclusive groups are being reported.
Using Table 2 as an example again,
note that adding the percentages associ-ated
with the total number of big game
hunters, total small game hunters,
total migratory bird hunters, and total
hunters of other animals will not yield
total hunters because respondents could
hunt for more than one type of game.
When the base of the percentage is not
apparent in context, it is identifi ed in a
footnote. For example, Table 15 reports
two percentages with different bases:
one base being the number of total
participants at the head of the column
and the other base being the total popu-lation
who are described by the row
category. Footnotes are used to clarify
the bases of the reported percentages.
Footnotes to the Tables
Footnotes are used to clarify the infor-mation
or items that are being reported
in a table. Symbols in the body of a
table indicate important footnotes.
These symbols are used in the tables
to refer to the same footnote each time
they appear:
* Estimate based on a sample size of
10–29.
... Sample size too small to report data
reliably because there were fewer
than 10 responses.
W Less than .5 dollars.
Z Less than 0.5 percent.
X Not applicable.
NA Not asked.
Estimates based upon fewer than 10
responses are regarded as being based
on a sample size that is too small for
reliable reporting. An estimate based
upon at least 10 but fewer than 30
responses is treated as an estimate
based on a small sample size. Other
footnotes appear, as necessary, to
qualify or clarify the estimates reported
in the tables. In addition, these two
important footnotes appear frequently:
• Detail does not add to total because
of multiple responses.
• Detail does not add to total because
of multiple responses and nonre-sponse.
“Multiple responses” is a term used
to refl ect the fact that individuals or
their characteristics fall into more than
one category. Using Table 12 as an
example, those who hunt for big game,
small game, migratory birds, and other
animals are counted only once as a
hunter in the “Total, all hunting” row.
Another example is Table 15, where
total anglers and hunters add up to
more than total sportspersons. Totals
will be smaller than the sum of subcat-egories
when multiple responses exist.
“Nonresponse” exists because the
Survey questions were answered
voluntarily and some respondents did
not or could not answer all the ques-tions.
Totals are greater than the sum of
subcategories when nonresponses have
occurred. This occurs because some
respondents answered the question that
provided the category estimate but did
not answer the subcategory questions.
Guide to Statistical Tables
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee 17
Table 1. Fishing and Hunting in Tennessee by Resident and Nonresident Sportspersons: 2006
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Sportspersons
Total, state
residents and nonresidents
State residents Nonresidents
Number
Percent of
sportspersons Number
Percent of
resident
sportspersons Number
Percent of
nonresident
sportspersons
Total sportspersons (fished or hunted) . . . . . . . . 969 100 713 100 256 100
Total anglers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 871 90 658 92 214 83
Fished only. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 640 66 447 63 193 75
Fished and hunted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 24 210 29 ... ...
Total hunters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 34 265 37 *64 *25
Hunted only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 10 *55 *8 *43 *17
Hunted and fished . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 24 210 29 ... ...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. ... Sample size too small to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 2. Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in Tennessee by Type of Fishing and
Hunting: 2006
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Type of fishing and hunting
Participants Days of participation Trips
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
FISHING
Total, all fishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 871 100 15,103 100 13,045 100
Total, all freshwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 871 100 15,103 100 13,045 100
Freshwater, except Great Lakes. . . . . . . . . . . . 871 100 15,103 100 13,045 100
Great Lakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... ...
Saltwater. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... ...
HUNTING
Total, all hunting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 100 5,729 100 5,356 100
Big game . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 85 3,882 68 3,354 63
Small game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 39 1,426 25 1,153 22
Migratory bird . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *80 *24 *550 *10 *532 *10
Other animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *42 *13 *323 *6 *317 *6
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. ... Sample size too small to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
18 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Table 3. Anglers and Hunters, Trips, and Days of Participation: 2006
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers and hunters, trips,
and days of participation
Activity in Tennessee Activity by Tennessee residents in United States
Total, state
residents and
nonresidents
State residents Nonresidents
Total, in state
of residence and
in other states
In state
of residence
In other
states
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
FISHING
Total anglers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 871 100 658 75 214 25 708 100 658 93 139 20
Total trips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,045 100 11,623 89 1,423 11 12,101 100 11,623 96 478 4
Total days of fishing. . . . . . . . . 15,103 100 13,221 88 1,882 12 13,966 100 13,221 95 912 7
Average days of fishing . . . . . . 17 (X) 20 (X) 9 (X) 20 (X) 20 (X) 7 (X)
HUNTING
Total hunters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 100 265 81 *64 *19 284 100 265 93 *62 *22
Total trips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,356 100 5,138 96 *218 *4 5,460 100 5,138 94 *323 *6
Total days of hunting . . . . . . . . 5,729 100 5,343 93 *386 *7 6,318 100 5,343 85 *997 *16
Average days of hunting . . . . . 17 (X) 20 (X) *6 (X) 22 (X) 20 (X) *16 (X)
(X) Not applicable. * Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 4. Tennessee Resident Anglers and Hunters by Place Fished or Hunted: 2006
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Place fished or hunted
Anglers Hunters
Number Percent Number Percent
Total, all places. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 708 100 284 100
In-state only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 568 80 222 78
In-state and other states . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 13 *44 *15
In other states only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *50 *7 ... ...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. ... Sample size too small to report data reliably.
Note: Detail may not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee 19
Table 5. Tennessee Resident Anglers and Hunters, Days of Participation, and Trips in the United States
by Type of Fishing and Hunting: 2006
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Type of fishing and hunting
Participants Days of participation Trips
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
FISHING
Total, all fishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 708 100 13,966 100 12,101 100
Total, all freshwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 687 97 13,543 97 11,980 99
Freshwater, except Great Lakes. . . . . . . . . . . . 687 97 13,539 97 11,977 99
Great Lakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... ...
Saltwater. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *65 *9 *451 *3 *121 *1
HUNTING
Total, all hunting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 100 6,318 100 5,460 100
Big game . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 88 3,978 63 3,395 62
Small game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *97 *34 *1,337 *21 *1,117 *20
Migratory bird . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *84 *30 *1,168 *18 *641 *12
Other animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... ...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. ... Sample size too small to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 6. Freshwater Anglers, Trips, Days of Fishing, and Type of Water Fished: 2006
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers, trips, and days of fishing
Activity in Tennessee
Total, state
residents and nonresidents
State residents Nonresidents
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
Total anglers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 871 100 658 75 214 25
Total trips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,045 100 11,623 89 1,423 11
Total days of fishing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,103 100 13,221 88 1,882 12
Average days of fishing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 (X) 20 (X) 9 (X)
ANGLERS
Total, all types of water. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 871 100 658 75 214 25
Ponds, lakes, or reservoirs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 774 100 605 78 169 22
Rivers or streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360 100 271 75 89 25
DAYS
Total, all types of water. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,103 100 13,221 88 1,882 12
Ponds, lakes, or reservoirs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,186 100 9,765 87 1,421 13
Rivers or streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,908 100 4,467 91 *441 *9
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
20 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Table 7. Freshwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in Tennessee by Type of Fish: 2006
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Anglers and days of fishing
Activity in Tennessee
Total, state
residents and nonresidents
State residents Nonresidents
Number
Percent of
total
types
Percent of
anglers/
days Number
Percent of
anglers/
days Number
Percent of
anglers/
days
ANGLERS
Total, all types of fish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 871 100 100 658 75 214 25
Crappie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 37 100 255 79 *67 *21
Panfish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 30 100 213 82 *48 *18
White bass, striped bass, striped bass hybrids . . . . . 170 20 100 133 78 *37 *22
Black bass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368 42 100 282 77 86 23
Catfish, bullheads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298 34 100 243 82 *55 *18
Walleye, sauger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *54 *6 *100 *31 *57 ... ...
Northern pike, pickerel, muskie, muskie hybrids . . . ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Steelhead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Trout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 11 100 *65 *68 *30 *32
Salmon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Anything1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 26 100 201 89 *26 *11
Other freshwater fish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
DAYS
Total, all types of fish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,103 100 100 13,221 88 1,882 12
Crappie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,771 25 100 3,121 83 *650 *17
Panfish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,591 30 100 3,907 85 *684 *15
White bass, striped bass, striped bass hybrids . . . . . 2,367 16 100 2,249 95 *118 *5
Black bass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,333 35 100 4,371 82 962 18
Catfish, bullheads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,315 29 100 3,702 86 *614 *14
Walleye, sauger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *1,717 *11 *100 *1,107 *64 ... ...
Northern pike, pickerel, muskie, muskie hybrids . . . ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Steelhead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Trout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 989 7 100 *601 *61 *387 *39
Salmon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Anything1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,299 15 100 2,056 89 *243 *11
Other freshwater fish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. ... Sample size too small to report data reliably.
1 Respondent fished for no specific species and identified ‘‘Anything’’ from a list of categories of fish.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee 21
Table 8. Great Lakes Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in Tennessee: 2006
This table does not apply to this state.
Table 9. Great Lakes Anglers and Days of Fishing in Tennessee by Type of Fish: 2006
This table does not apply to this state.
22 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Table 10. Saltwater Anglers, Trips, and Days of Fishing in Tennessee: 2006
This table does not apply to this state.
Table 11. Saltwater Anglers and Days of Fishing in Tennessee by Type of Fish: 2006
This table does not apply to this state.
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee 23
Table 12. Hunters, Trips, and Days of Hunting in Tennessee by Type of Hunting: 2006
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Hunters, trips, and days of hunting
Activity in Tennessee
Total, state
residents and nonresidents
State residents Nonresidents
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
HUNTERS
Total, all hunting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 100 265 81 *64 *19
Big game . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 100 241 86 *40 *14
Small game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 100 *97 *75 ... ...
Migratory bird . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *80 *100 *73 *91 ... ...
Other animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *42 *100 ... ... ... ...
TRIPS
Total, all hunting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,356 100 5,138 96 *218 *4
Big game . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,354 100 3,209 96 *145 *4
Small game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,153 100 *1,105 *96 ... ...
Migratory bird . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *532 *100 *515 *97 ... ...
Other animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *317 *100 ... ... ... ...
DAYS
Total, all hunting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,729 100 5,343 93 *386 *7
Big game . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,882 100 3,675 95 *207 *5
Small game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,426 100 *1,270 *89 ... ...
Migratory bird . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *550 *100 *519 *94 ... ...
Other animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *323 *100 ... ... ... ...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. ... Sample size too small to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
24 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Table 13. Hunters and Days of Hunting in Tennessee by Type of Game: 2006
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Type of game
Hunters, state
residents and nonresidents
Days of hunting
Number Percent Number Percent
Total, all types of game . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 100 5,729 100
Big game, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 85 3,882 68
Deer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 74 2,813 49
Elk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Bear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Wild turkey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 36 1,189 21
Other big game . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Small game, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 39 1,426 25
Rabbit, hare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *66 *20 *628 *11
Quail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Grouse/prairie chicken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Squirrel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *78 *24 *579 *10
Pheasant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Other small game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Migratory birds, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *80 *24 *550 *10
Waterfowl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *36 *11 *330 *6
Geese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Duck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *33 *10 *323 *6
Dove . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *54 *17 *226 *4
Other migratory bird . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Other animals, total 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *42 *13 *323 *6
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. ... Sample size too small to report data reliably.
1 Includes groundhog, raccoon, fox, coyote, crow, prairie dog, etc.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 14. Hunters and Days of Hunting in Tennessee by Type of Land: 2006
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Hunters and days of hunting
Total, state
residents and nonresidents
State residents Nonresidents
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
HUNTERS
Total, all types of land. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 100 265 100 *64 *100
Public land, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 31 *85 *32 ... ...
Public land only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *33 *10 ... ... ... ...
Public and private land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *70 *21 *66 *25 ... ...
Private land, total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296 90 246 93 *50 *78
Private land only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226 69 180 68 *46 *72
Private and public land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *70 *21 *66 *25 ... ...
DAYS
Total, all types of land. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,729 100 5,343 100 *386 *100
Public land1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 836 15 *760 *14 ... ...
Private land2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,129 90 4,891 92 *238 *62
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. ... Sample size too small to report data reliably.
1 Days of hunting on public land includes both days spent solely on public land and those spent on public and private land.
2 Days of hunting on private land includes both days spent solely on private land and those spent on private and public land.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee 25
Table 15. Selected Characteristics of Tennessee Resident Anglers and Hunters: 2006
(State population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Characteristic
Population
Sportspersons
(fished or hunted)
Anglers Hunters
Number Percent Number
Percent
who
partici-pated
Percent
of
sports-persons
Number
Percent
who
partici-pated
Percent
of
anglers Number
Percent
who
partici-pated
Percent
of
hunters
Total persons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,699 100 775 16 100 708 15 100 284 6 100
Population Density of Residence
Urban . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,739 58 340 12 44 320 12 45 *99 *4 *35
Rural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,960 42 434 22 56 387 20 55 185 9 65
Population Size of Residence
Metropolitan statistical area
(MSA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,395 72 511 15 66 478 14 68 180 5 63
1,000,000 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,849 39 260 14 34 244 13 34 *70 *4 *25
250,000 to 999,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . 643 14 *90 *14 *12 *80 *13 *11 ... ... ...
Less than 250,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 903 19 161 18 21 153 17 22 *84 *9 *30
Outside MSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,304 28 264 20 34 230 18 32 104 8 37
Sex
Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,219 47 588 27 76 521 23 74 271 12 95
Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,480 53 187 8 24 187 8 26 ... ... ...
Age
16 to 17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 4 *36 *20 *5 ... ... ... ... ... ...
18 to 24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482 10 *39 *8 *5 *37 *8 *5 ... ... ...
25 to 34 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737 16 150 20 19 145 20 20 *53 *7 *19
35 to 44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 877 19 186 21 24 174 20 25 *72 *8 *25
45 to 54 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 830 18 168 20 22 154 19 22 *46 *5 *16
55 to 64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 751 16 123 16 16 111 15 16 *57 *8 *20
65 years and older . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 840 18 *73 *9 *9 *64 *8 *9 ... ... ...
Ethnicity
Hispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Non-Hispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,590 98 773 17 100 705 15 100 284 6 100
Race
White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,906 83 686 18 88 621 16 88 273 7 96
Black. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 669 14 *68 *10 *9 *68 *10 *10 ... ... ...
All others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 3 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Annual Household Income
Under $10,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 7 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
$10,000 to $19,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376 8 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
$20,000 to $29,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501 11 *90 *18 *12 *90 *18 *13 *39 *8 *14
$30,000 to $39,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496 11 *105 *21 *14 *102 *21 *14 ... ... ...
$40,000 to $49,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419 9 111 26 14 *99 *24 *14 *49 *12 *17
$50,000 to $74,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560 12 104 19 13 95 17 13 *54 *10 *19
$75,000 to $99,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381 8 *80 *21 *10 *64 *17 *9 *36 *9 *13
$100,000 or more. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 7 *77 *22 *10 *63 *18 *9 ... ... ...
Not reported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,277 27 146 11 19 132 10 19 *61 *5 *21
Education
11 years or less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,007 21 168 17 22 143 14 20 *59 *6 *21
12 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,818 39 315 17 41 298 16 42 139 8 49
1 to 3 years college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 918 20 162 18 21 148 16 21 *56 *6 *20
4 years college or more . . . . . . . . . . . 955 20 129 13 17 120 13 17 *31 *3 *11
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. ... Sample size too small to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses. Percent who participated shows the percent of each row’s population who participated in the activity
named by the column (the percent of those living in urban areas who fished, etc.). Remaining percent columns show the percent of each column’s participants who
are described by the row heading (the percent of anglers who lived in urban areas, etc.).
26 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Table 16. Summary of Expenditures in Tennessee by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for
Fishing and Hunting: 2006
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average per
spender
(dollars)
Average per
sportsperson
(dollars)
FISHING AND HUNTING
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,341,147 1,044 1,285 1,112
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153,303 724 212 158
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135,975 703 193 140
Other trip costs1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110,593 672 164 114
Equipment (fishing, hunting). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208,377 645 323 195
Auxiliary equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42,660 209 204 39
Special equipment3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *630,026 *82 *7,725 *406
Magazines and books. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,392 102 43 4
Membership dues and contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,966 69 72 3
Other4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,855 592 86 52
FISHING
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599,683 859 698 623
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101,063 639 158 116
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,676 610 149 104
Other trip costs1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98,685 648 152 113
Fishing equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,631 511 177 100
Auxiliary equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *11,076 *72 *155 *12
Special equipment3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *178,985 *50 *3,609 *146
Magazines and books. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *2,419 *45 *54 *2
Membership dues and contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Other4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,833 386 67 30
HUNTING
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488,420 379 1,288 867
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,240 226 232 159
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,299 233 195 138
Other trip costs1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,908 80 149 36
Hunting equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109,606 269 407 295
Auxiliary equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,663 86 252 55
Special equipment3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Magazines and books. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Membership dues and contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *3,165 *31 *102 *6
Other4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,022 242 103 76
UNSPECIFIED5
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244,904 149 1,642 252
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. ... Sample size too small to report data reliably.
1 Includes boating costs, equipment rental, guide fees, access fees, heating and cooking fuel, and ice and bait (for fishing only).
2 Includes tents, special clothing, etc.
3 Includes boats, campers, 4x4 vehicles, cabins, etc.
4 Includes land leasing and ownership, licenses, stamps, tags, and permits.
5 Respondent could not specify whether expenditure was primarily for either fishing or hunting.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Tables 19–20 for a detailed listing of expenditure items.
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee 27
Table 17. Summary of Fishing Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Tennessee by State Residents and
Nonresidents Combined by Type of Fishing: 2006
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average per spender
(dollars)
Average per angler
(dollars)
ALL FISHING
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571,116 824 693 592
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101,063 639 158 116
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,676 610 149 104
Other trip costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98,685 648 152 113
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280,692 533 527 259
ALL FRESHWATER
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 554,495 811 684 574
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101,063 639 158 116
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,244 610 148 104
Other trip costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98,685 648 152 113
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264,503 503 526 241
FRESHWATER, EXCEPT
GREAT LAKES
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553,807 811 683 573
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101,063 639 158 116
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89,570 610 147 103
Other trip costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98,685 648 152 113
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264,489 503 526 241
GREAT LAKES
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Other trip costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
SALTWATER
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Other trip costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
... Sample size too small to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Table 19 for detailed listing of expenditure items.
28 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Table 18. Summary of Hunting Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Tennessee by State Residents and
Nonresidents Combined by Type of Hunting: 2006
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average per spender
(dollars)
Average per hunter
(dollars)
ALL HUNTING
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459,793 344 1,338 784
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,240 226 232 159
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,299 233 195 138
Other trip costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,908 80 149 36
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350,346 289 1,212 452
BIG GAME
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363,885 289 1,258 539
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,038 194 191 132
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,604 198 169 120
Other trip costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *6,816 *55 *124 *24
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286,427 224 1,281 263
SMALL GAME
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,981 133 286 672
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *5,957 *83 *72 *150
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *5,493 *71 *77 *138
Other trip costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,256 87 290 352
MIGRATORY BIRD
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,349 78 429 2,357
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *7,317 *59 *124 *1,149
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *4,013 *59 *68 *630
Other trip costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *18,678 *36 *523 *53
OTHER ANIMALS
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *5,696 *31 *181 *2,391
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Other trip costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. ... Sample size too small to report data reliably.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Table 20 for detailed listing of expenditure items.
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee 29
Table 19. Expenditures in Tennessee by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Fishing: 2006
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Expenditures Spenders
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Average per
angler
(dollars)
Number
(thousands)
Percent of
anglers
Average per
spender
(dollars)
Total, all items. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599,683 623 859 99 698
TRIP-RELATED EXPENDITURES
Total trip-related. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290,424 333 779 89 373
Food and lodging, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101,063 116 740 85 137
Food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,098 97 637 73 132
Lodging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,966 19 102 12 167
Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,676 104 610 70 149
Other trip costs, total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98,685 113 648 74 152
Privilege and other fees1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,372 13 120 14 95
Boating costs2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,643 62 222 25 242
Bait . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,494 30 535 61 49
Ice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,150 6 312 36 17
Heating and cooking fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *2,025 *2 *65 *7 *31
EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES
PRIMARILY FOR FISHING
Fishing equipment, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,631 100 511 59 177
Reels, rods, and rod-making components . . . . . . . . . . . 43,577 49 308 35 141
Lines, hooks, sinkers, etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,755 17 374 43 42
Artificial lures and flies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,771 18 350 40 51
Creels, stringers, fish bags, landing nets, and gaff
hooks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,642 2 76 9 22
Minnow seines, traps, and bait containers. . . . . . . . . . . *2,731 *3 *71 *8 *39
Other fishing equipment3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,154 11 125 14 73
Auxiliary equipment4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *11,076 *12 *72 *8 *155
Special equipment5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *178,985 *146 *50 *6 *3,609
Other fishing costs6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,568 32 397 46 72
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29.
1 Includes boat or equipment rental and fees for guides, pack trip (party and charter boats, etc.), public land use, and private land use.
2 Boat launching, mooring, storage, maintenance, insurance, pumpout fees, and fuel.
3 Includes electronic fishing devices (depth finders, fish finders, etc.), tackle boxes, ice fishing equipment, and other fishing equipment.
4 Includes tents, special fishing clothing, etc.
5 Includes boats, campers, 4x4 vehicles, cabins, etc.
6 Includes magazines and books, membership dues and contributions, land leasing and ownership, and licenses, stamps, tags, and permits.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. Percent of anglers may be greater than 100 because spenders who did not fish in this
state are included.
30 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Table 20. Expenditures in Tennessee by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined for Hunting: 2006
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Expenditures Spenders
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Average per
hunter
(dollars)
Number
(thousands)
Percent of
hunters
Average per
spender
(dollars)
Total, all items. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488,420 867 379 115 1,288
TRIP-RELATED EXPENDITURES
Total trip-related. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109,447 333 262 80 418
Food and lodging, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,240 159 262 80 200
Food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46,776 142 226 69 207
Lodging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *5,464 *17 *40 *12 *137
Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,299 138 233 71 195
Other trip costs, total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *11,908 *36 *80 *24 *149
Privilege and other fees1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *9,690 *29 *60 *18 *161
Boating costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ...
Heating and cooking fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ...
EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENDITURES
PRIMARILY FOR HUNTING
Hunting equipment, total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109,606 295 269 82 407
Firearms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,696 137 86 26 565
Ammunition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,086 47 180 55 95
Other hunting equipment2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,824 110 163 49 269
Auxiliary equipment3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,663 55 86 26 252
Special equipment4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ...
Other hunting costs5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,627 82 260 79 110
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. ... Sample size too small to report data reliably.
1 Includes guide fees, pack trip or package fees, public and private land use access fees, and rental of equipment such as boats and hunting or camping equipment.
2 Includes bows, arrows, archery equipment, telescopic sights, decoys and game calls, handloading equipment and components, hunting dogs and associated costs, hunting
knives, and other hunting equipment.
3 Includes tents, special hunting clothing, etc.
4 Includes boats, campers, 4x4 vehicles, cabins, etc.
5 Includes magazines and books, membership dues and contributions, land leasing and ownership, and licenses, stamps, and permits.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. Percent of hunters may be greater than 100 percent because spenders who did not hunt
in this state are included.
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee 31
Table 21. Trip and Equipment Expenditures in Tennessee for Fishing and Hunting by Tennessee
Residents and Nonresidents: 2006
(Population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average per
spender
(dollars)
Average per
sportsperson
(dollars)
STATE RESIDENTS AND NONRESIDENTS
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing and hunting,
total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,267,721 958 1,323 1,308
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing, total. . . . . . . . . . 571,116 824 693 656
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101,063 639 158 116
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,676 610 149 104
Boating costs1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,643 222 242 62
Other trip costs2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,042 609 74 52
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280,692 533 527 322
Trip and equipment expenditures for hunting, total. . . . . . . . . 459,793 344 1,338 1,398
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,240 226 232 159
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,299 233 195 138
Boating costs1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Other trip costs2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,328 78 133 31
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350,346 289 1,212 1,065
Unspecified equipment3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *236,812 *45 *5,317 *244
STATE RESIDENTS
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing and hunting,
total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 902,978 683 1,323 1,267
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing, total. . . . . . . . . . 438,731 615 714 667
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,806 476 161 117
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,413 469 129 92
Boating costs1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,261 184 240 67
Other trip costs2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,716 477 83 60
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217,535 452 481 331
Trip and equipment expenditures for hunting, total. . . . . . . . . 227,435 256 890 857
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,880 182 252 173
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,339 189 208 148
Boating costs1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Other trip costs2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *9,029 *60 *151 *34
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131,762 233 566 496
Unspecified equipment3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *236,812 *45 *5,317 *332
NONRESIDENTS
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing and hunting,
total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364,743 276 1,323 1,423
Trip and equipment expenditures for fishing, total. . . . . . . . . . 132,385 209 632 620
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,257 163 149 114
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,263 141 215 142
Boating costs1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *9,382 *38 *250 *44
Other trip costs2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,326 132 40 25
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,157 81 784 296
Trip and equipment expenditures for hunting, total. . . . . . . . . 232,358 88 2,644 3,659
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *6,360 *43 *147 *100
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *5,960 *44 *136 *94
Boating costs1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Other trip costs2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218,583 56 3,878 3,442
Unspecified equipment3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. ... Sample size too small to report data reliably.
1 Includes boat launching, mooring, storage, maintenance, insurance, pumpout fees, and fuel.
2 Includes equipment rental, guide and access fees, ice and bait for fishing, and heating and cooking oil.
3 Respondent could not specify whether item was for hunting or fishing.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
32 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Table 22. Summary of Tennessee Residents’ Fishing and Hunting Expenditures Both Inside and Outside
Tennessee: 2006
(State population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average per
spender
(dollars)
Average per
sportsperson
(dollars)
FISHING AND HUNTING
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,319,610 758 1,742 1,703
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180,570 596 303 233
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146,002 594 246 188
Other trip costs1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152,550 575 265 197
Equipment (fishing, hunting). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242,764 567 428 313
Auxiliary equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,180 190 254 62
Special equipment3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *399,345 *72 *5,541 *515
Magazines and books. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,311 105 41 6
Membership dues and contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,308 59 90 7
Other4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140,579 506 278 181
FISHING
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 576,667 678 850 815
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,707 537 215 164
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,629 516 176 128
Other trip costs1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120,353 556 216 170
Fishing equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,588 470 180 120
Auxiliary equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *12,247 *68 *180 *17
Special equipment3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *127,444 *40 *3,172 *180
Magazines and books. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *2,221 *45 *49 *3
Membership dues and contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Other4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,278 323 72 33
HUNTING
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481,767 278 1,732 1,697
Food and lodging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,863 200 324 228
Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,373 210 264 195
Other trip costs1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *32,197 *74 *436 *113
Hunting equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148,552 231 642 523
Auxiliary equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,514 83 235 69
Special equipment3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Magazines and books. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *578 *26 *23 *2
Membership dues and contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *3,453 *23 *149 *12
Other4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117,301 219 535 413
UNSPECIFIED5
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251,551 133 1,892 325
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. ... Sample size too small to report data reliably.
1 Includes boating costs, equipment rental, guide fees, access fees, heating and cooking fuel, and ice and bait (for fishing only).
2 Includes tents, special clothing, etc.
3 Includes boats, campers, 4x4 vehicles, cabins, etc.
4 Includes land leasing and ownership, licenses, stamps, tags, and permits.
5 Respondent could not specify whether expenditure was primarily for either fishing or hunting.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse. See Tables 19–20 for a detailed listing of expenditure items.
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation��Tennessee 33
Table 23. In-State and Out-of-State Expenditures by Tennessee Residents for Fishing and Hunting: 2006
(State population 16 years old and older)
Expenditure item
Amount
(thousands
of dollars)
Spenders
(thousands)
Average per
spender
(dollars)
Average per
sportsperson
(dollars)
IN TENNESSEE
Expenditures for fishing and hunting, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 966,760 732 1,321 1,356
Trip-related expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316,869 649 488 444
Equipment (fishing and hunting). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185,511 538 345 260
Auxiliary equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,624 182 206 53
Special equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *375,447 *66 *5,680 *527
Other3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,310 507 101 72
Expenditures for fishing, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463,671 638 727 705
Trip-related expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221,196 606 365 336
Fishing equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79,862 446 179 121
Auxiliary equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *10,228 *66 *155 *16
Special equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *127,444 *40 *3,172 *194
Other3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,940 308 81 38
Expenditures for hunting, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250,863 278 902 945
Trip-related expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95,672 214 447 360
Hunting equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97,601 222 440 368
Auxiliary equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *18,124 *77 *234 *68
Special equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Other3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,428 216 108 88
Unspecified expenditures for fishing and hunting, total4 . . . . . 232,721 117 1,984 326
OUT OF STATE
Expenditures for fishing and hunting, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347,088 196 1,774 1,786
Trip-related expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158,179 180 881 814
Equipment (fishing and hunting). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *56,222 *70 *802 *289
Auxiliary equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Special equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Other3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98,888 80 1,243 509
Expenditures for fishing, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109,926 129 855 789
Trip-related expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102,421 124 823 736
Fishing equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *4,725 *39 *120 *34
Auxiliary equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Special equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Other3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *760 *38 *20 *5
Expenditures for hunting, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228,437 80 2,861 3,679
Trip-related expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *55,757 *62 *898 *898
Hunting equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *49,920 *34 *1,485 *804
Auxiliary equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Special equipment2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ...
Other3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *97,903 *45 *2,191 *1,577
Unspecified expenditures for fishing and hunting, total 4 . . . . ... ... ... ...
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. ... Sample size too small to report data reliably.
1 Includes tents, special hunting or fishing clothing, etc.
2 Includes boats, campers, 4x4 vehicles, cabins, etc.
3 Includes magazines, books, membership dues, contributions, land leasing and ownership, stamps, tags, and licenses.
4 Respondent could not specify whether expenditure was primarily for either fishing or hunting.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
34 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation—Tennessee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Table 24. Wildlife Watching in Tennessee by State Residents and Nonresidents Combined: 2006
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Participants Number Percent
Total participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,362 100
Away from home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,007 43
Observe wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 997 42
Photograph wildlife. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543 23
Feed wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *241 *10
Around the home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,853 78
Observe wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,353 57
Photograph wildlife. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370 16
Feed wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,589 67
Visit public parks1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *180 *8
Maintain plantings or natural areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393 17
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29.
1 Includes visits only to parks or publicly owned areas within 1 mile of home.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses.
Table 25. Participants, Trips, and Days of Participation in Away-From-Home Wildlife Watching in
Tennessee: 2006
(Population 16 years old and older. Numbers in thousands)
Participants, trips, and days
of participation
Activity in Tennessee
Total, state residents and
nonresidents
State
residents
Nonresidents
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
PARTICIPANTS
Total participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,007 100 611 100 397 100
Observe wildlife. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 997 99 606 99 391 99
Photograph wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543 54 294 48 *249 *63
Feed wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *241 *24 *133 *22 ... ...
TRIPS
Total trips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,123 100 12,344 100 779 100
Average days per trip. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 (X) 1 (X) 3 (X)
DAYS
Total days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,486 100 13,447 100 2,039 100
Observing wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,383 93 12,647 94 1,736 85
Photographing wildlife. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,269 28 *3,314 *25 *955 *47
Feeding wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *2,034 *13 *1,648 *12 ... ...
Average days per participant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 (X) 22 (X) 5 (X)
Observing wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 (X) 21 (X) 4 (X)
Photographing wildlife. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 (X) *11 (X) *4 (X)
Feeding wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *8 (X) *12 (X) ... (X)
* Estimate based on a sample size of 10–29. ... Sample size too small to report data reliably. (X) Not applicable.
Note: Detail does not add to total because of multiple responses and nonresponse.
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 2006 National Survey of Fishing